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Vesuvius-class sloop

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The Vesuvius (1858-1872)
Class overview
NameVesuvius class
BuildersRijkswerf Amsterdam, Rijkswerf Vlissingen, Rijkswerf Willemsoord, Kinderdijk, Krimpen a/d Lek
Operators Royal Netherlands Navy
Preceded byBali
Succeeded byTemplate:Sclass-
Building6
Completed6
Scrapped6
General characteristics
Typescrew sloop-of-war
Displacement759 tons
Length45.50 m (149 ft 3 in)
Beam9.20 m (30 ft 2 in)
Draught4.30 m (14 ft 1 in)
Depth of hold4.80 m (15 ft 9 in)[1]
Installed power
Speed7 knots (13 km/h)[2]
Complement100
Armament
  • Original:
  • 4 * 12-pdr SBML
  • 4 * medium 30-pdr SBML
  • Later:
  • 2 * 16 cm RML
  • 4 * medium 30-pdr SBML
Armourship made of wood

The Vesuvius class was a class of steam screw sloops of the Royal Netherlands Navy. The class comprised Vesuvius, Cornelis Dirks, Reinier Claessen, Het Loo, Reteh and Prinses Maria.

Dutch Naval Plans in the 1850's

Plan 1855

The Dutch naval plan 1855 stated that the steam corvette of 250 hp and 12 30-pounders (the Groningen-class corvettes) would be the standard warship for the Dutch East Indies. However, the plan also recognized that in the East Indies, there were 'too many points to occupy, too many seas to patrol, and too many corners to penetrate' to use only these still costly ships.[3] The plan 1855 therefore specified a second type of ships for the indies: the sloop of 100 hp. Regular service in the East Indies required 12 such sloops. The West Indies three more, and 2 were required for replacement. In total 17 sloops would be required in peace time, and 20 in times of war.

Dutch rating system

In Dutch the Vesuvius class was known as a class of 'schroefstoomschepen'. The Dutch navy referred to them as 'schroefstoomschip' of a certain class, i.e. 1-4th class, but this classification varied. In 1859 the class was designated as 'schroefstoomschepen 4th class'.[4] In 1861 the class (and some other ships) were 'schroefstoomschepen 3rd class'.[5] In Dutch the lead ship Vesuvius (as well as the Bali, Soembing and Montrado) were first called schooners[6], or even schroefstoomschooner. In the English Navy warships of a comparable size were called sloops.

Design

The Montrado had introduced screw propulsion on small navy ships. She did very well, but authorities in the Indies wanted to have more cargo space in the ships, and more power, so they could use them for transport duties. Therefore the Bali was made, but she was not able to mount heavy guns, and therefore could only be used in the colonies. The Vesuvius was designed to have more steam power, more cargo space, and to be able to mount a heavy battery. The other 5 ships were built to this model.[7] The displacement of the Vesuvius class was about half that of the Groningen class. The design was made by L.K. Turk in Vlissingen.

Machinery

According to the plan 1855 the class would have 100 hp, but this became 119 hp. In fact it became 250: ihp, giving the ships a speed of 7 knots.[2]

Sails

The Vesuvius first had a barque rigging, later a full ship sail plan. Early in her career she had very much trouble with tacking (sailing), even in the most favorable cricumstances.[8]

Armament

The orignal amrmament of the Vesuvius was 4 short 30-pounders(SBML) and four long 12-pounders(SBML)[1] In the 1870's the Prinses Marie had 1 16 cm RML and 6 rifled 12 cm guns (BL). The Cornelis Dirks and Het Loo then had 2 16cm RML and 4 medium 30-pounders.[2] Ships of the size and role of the Vesuvius were never armored, not even in the early twentieth century. Therefore the appearance of the French ironclad Gloire in August 1860 did not mean that the Vesuvius class became obsolete.

Ships in the class

Of the 6 ships one was built by the Rijkswerf Vlissingen, two were built at the Rijkswerf in Amsterdam, the Cornelis Dirks was built by K. Smit jr. in Krimpen a/d Lek, the Reinier Claeszen by K. Smit jr. in Kinderdijk, and one ship was built at the Rijkswerf Willemsoord.

Name Laid down Launched Commissioned Fate
Vesuvius 8 October 1857[9] 6 July 1858[10] 1 September 1858[11] Sold 8 June 1872[12]
Cornelis Dirks 1 May 1858 11 January 1859[13] 21 September 1859[14] To be BU September 1883 [15]
Reinier Claeszen 4 May 1858 13 January 1859[16] 16 August 1859[17] Sold 29 January 1870[18]
Het Loo 13 March 1858 17 March 1859[19] 1 August 1859[20] Sold 21 October 1908[21]
Reteh (ex Sprinkhaan) 1858 19 April 1860[22] 16 September 1860[23] Declared unfit March-April 1871[24]
Prinses Maria 17 June 1858 19 November 1862[25] 1 April 1864[26] Unfit in November 1882[27]

References

  • Arntzenius, J.O.H. (1862), Rapport der reis van Z.M. Stoomschip Vesuvius, van Curaçao naar Nederland, Wed. G. Hulst van Keulen, Amsterdam, p. Rapport der reis van Z.M. Stoomschip Vesuvius, van Curaçao naar Nederland
  • Departement van Marine (1859), Koninklijke Nederlandsche Marine op den 1sten Januarij 1859, Gebroeders van Cleef, p. Koninklijke Nederlandsche Marine op den 1sten Januarij 1859
  • Departement van Marine (1861), Koninklijke Nederlandsche Marine op den 19 Februarij, Gebroeders van Cleef, p. Koninklijke Nederlandsche Marine op den 19 Februarij 1861
  • Obreen, J.M. (1858), Catalogus der verzameling van modellen van het Departement van Marine, Algemene Landsdrukkerij 's Gravenhage, p. Catalogus der verzameling van modellen van het Departement van Marine
  • Swart, J. (1855), Verhandelingen en Berigten betrekkelijk het Zeewezen, Wed. G. Hulst van Keulen, Amsterdam, p. Stelsel voor de Nederlandse Marine
  • Tideman, B.J. (1859), Verhandeling over de scheepsbouwkunde als wetenschap, Wed. G. Hulst van Keulen, Amsterdam, p. Verhandeling over de scheepsbouwkunde als wetenschap
  • Tweede Kamer (1875), Bijlagen van het verslag der Handelingen, Nederlandsche Staatscourant, p. Bijlagen van het verslag der handelingen

Notes

  1. ^ a b Obreen 1858, p. 85.
  2. ^ a b c d Tweede Kamer 1875, p. Bijlage A Algemeen Overzigt der Schepen en vaartuigen van oorlog op den 1sten Augustus 1875.
  3. ^ Swart 1855.
  4. ^ Departement van Marine 1859, p. 88.
  5. ^ Departement van Marine 1861, p. 86.
  6. ^ Tideman 1859, p. 198.
  7. ^ "Memorie van toelichting tot Hoofdstuk VIII". Algemeen Handelsblad. 7 October 1859.
  8. ^ Arntzenius 1862, p. 44.
  9. ^ "Vlissingen, 9 Oct". Dagblad van Zuidholland. 14 October 1857.
  10. ^ "Binnenlandsche Berigten". Nederlandsche staatscourant. 7 July 1858.
  11. ^ "Vlissingen, 2 Sept". Nieuw Amsterdamsch handels- en effectenblad. 4 September 1858.
  12. ^ "De pianist Heller". Java-bode. 1 June 1872.
  13. ^ "Binnenlandsche Berigten". Nederlandsche staatscourant. 12 January 1859.
  14. ^ "Hellevoetsluis, 22 Sept". Algemeen Handelsblad. 24 September 1859.
  15. ^ "Leger en Vloot". Algemeen Handelsblad. 11 September 1883.
  16. ^ "Binnenlandsche Berigten". Nederlandsche staatscourant. 14 January 1859.
  17. ^ "Binnenland". Algemeen Handelsblad. 1 August 1859.
  18. ^ "Gemengde Indische Berigten". De locomotief. 21 January 1870.
  19. ^ "Marine en Leger". Middelburgsche courant. 22 March 1859.
  20. ^ "Nieuwediep, 29 Julij". Nieuw Amsterdamsch handels- en effectenblad. 1 August 1859.
  21. ^ "Marine". Nederlandsche staatscourant. 5 October 1908.
  22. ^ "Binnenlandsche Berigten". Nederlandsche staatscourant. 20 April 1860.
  23. ^ "Rotterdam, 17 September". N.R.C. 18 September 1860.
  24. ^ "Binnenland". Algemeen Handelsblad. 2 June 1871.
  25. ^ "Binnenlandsche Berigten". Nederlandsche staatscourant. 21 November 1862.
  26. ^ "Binnenlandsche Berigten". Nederlandsche staatscourant. 10 March 1864.
  27. ^ "Leger en Vloot". Algemeen Handelsblad. 8 November 1882.
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