Learning pyramid
The learning pyramid (also known as “the cone of learning”, “the cone of experience”, “the learning cone”, “the cone of retention”, “the pyramid of learning”, or “the pyramid of retention”[1]) is a group of popular learning models and representations relating different degrees of retention induced from various type of learning. The representations is generally via percentages and discrete layers within a "pyramid of learning". The divide is generally 10, 20, 30, 50 and 90 percent.[1][2][3][4]
Description
A popular pyramid model was popularized by the National Training Laboratories Institute in Bethel, Maine, represent the percentage of learner recall associated with various learning activities.[1]
Criticisms
Criticism emerged on early version of the model such as Dale’s Cone of experience, criticized by Subramony (2003), Molenda (2004).[1] Lalley & Miller (2007) reported inconsistencies between the pyramid of learning and actual state of the art in retention researches.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e Letrud, Kåre (2012), "A rebuttal of NTL Institute's learning pyramid", Education (133): 117–124
- ^ Subramony, D.P. (2003). “Dale’s Cone revisited: Critically examining the misapplication of a nebulous theory to guide practice”. Educational technology, 7-8, (25-30).
- ^ Molenda, M. (2004). “Cone of experience. In A. Kovalchik & K. Dawson (Eds.), Education and Technology (161-165). California: ABCCLIO.
- ^ Lalley, J. P. & Miller, R.H. (2007): “The learning pyramid: Does it point teachers in the right direction?” Education 128(1):64-79.
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