Single particle extinction and scattering
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Single Particle Extinction and Scattering (also known as SPES) is a technique in physics that can be used to characterise micro and nanoparticles in suspension in a fluid through two independent parameters, the diameter and the effective refractive index.
A laser generate a gaussian beam which focuses inside a flow cell. A particle who passes in the focal region generates an interference in the beam, which is collected with a sensor. Trough this signal it is possible to derive the real part and the immaginary part of the forward scattering field, from each single particle.
The technique was developed to measure aerosols in air[1] and particles in liquid[2].