Funiculina quadrangularis
| Funiculina quadrangularis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Imajimaea draculai on F. quadrangularis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Subphylum: | Anthozoa |
| Class: | Octocorallia |
| Family: | Funiculinidae |
| Genus: | Funiculina |
| Species: | F. quadrangularis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Funiculina quadrangularis (Pallas, 1766)
| |
Funiculina quadrangularis is an uncommon species of sea pen within the Family Funiculinidae.[1] It forms habitat for several key crustation species.[2]
Distribution
Found mainly within deep sea basins of Scottish sea lochs with a depth below 20m, but has been found within the outer mouths of said lochs.[1][2]
Reproduction
With a sex ratio of 1:1 of males to females in a population, spawning occurs in the winter.[3] They have a large pool of offspring with a survival rate of about 10%.[3]
Threats
Due to the small territory of this species, it is vulnerable to fishing activities.[2][3]
References
- ^ a b Greathead, Clare F.; Donnan, David W.; Mair, James M.; Saunders, Graham R. (18 October 2007). "The sea pens Virgularia mirabilis, Pennatula phosphorea and Funiculina quadrangularis: distribution and conservation issues in Scottish waters". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK. 87 (5): 1095–1103. doi:10.1017/S0025315407056238.
- ^ a b c Wright, Erin P.; Kemp, Kirsty; Rogers, Alex D.; Yesson, Chris (September 2015). "Genetic structure of the tall sea pen Funiculina quadrangularis in NW Scottish sea lochs". Marine Ecology. 36 (3): 659–667. doi:10.1111/maec.12174.
- ^ a b c Edwards, Daniel C.B.; Moore, Colin G. (March 2009). "Reproduction in the sea pen Funiculina quadrangularis (Anthozoa: Pennatulacea) from the west coast of Scotland". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 82 (1): 161–168. Bibcode:2009ECSS...82..161E. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.01.006.
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