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1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
Saint-Python (officially spelt Sainct-Pieton and St-Piton during different periods preceding 1800) is a commune in the Norddepartment in northern France named after Piatus of Tournai. Its inhabitants are called Saint-Piatiens or Piatonnais.
Toponymy
In 1176, a 'Leprosarium Title of Cambrai' first mentions 'Santus Piatus'.
'Python' is a deformation of 'Piatus or Piat'. The church of the commune is also under the name of Saint-Piat also named Piat de Seclin or Piatus of Tournai, thus confirming the origin of the name of the village.[1]
Heraldry
Arms of Saint-Python
The arms of Saint-Python are blazoned : Ermine, 3 lozenges gules.
History
Chronology
The following chronologically-ordered dates mark the historical events which had the most impact on Saint-Python:
April 1263: Founding of a chapel belonging to Abbaye Saint-André.[5]
February 24, 1416: The Burgundians are housed in Saint-Python.[6]
1437-1440: The écorcheurs (French: [ekɔʁʃœʁ], lit. "flayers") devastated the country including Saint-Python.[7]
1450: The plague struck Saint-Python at least in 1450 and around 1669 (as quoted in Solesmes' Public Registers).
1536: Reconstruction of Saint-Python Church.[citation needed]
1544-1581: The village is periodically abandoned during French occupation of the region, with some inhabitants taking refuge in Cambrai, Valenciennes or Le Quesnoy.[8]
July 7, 1637: Landrecies and Le Cateau taken by the French (Turenne). Saint-Python is declared to have been abandoned after taking Landrecies.[citation needed]
1757: Construction of the current Saint-Python's Church.
1790: Saint-Python's first municipal election. The first mayor is Charles J. Marlier.
1793: Several conflicts occur when Catholic clerics refuse to follow the Decadary Cult.[9]
1832, 1848 and 1866: Cholera raged in Saint-Python.[citation needed]
May 9, 1944: Saint-Python hit by Allied bombing.
Lords (Seigneuries)
Many different Lords (French: Seigneurs) owned Saint-Python's lands and properties and had administrative power over the town. The following are the Lords of Saint-Python (French: Seigneurs de Saint-Python) chronologically ordered:
1478 - 1513: Nicolas De Werchin (35 years): was born before 1462 and married Yolente De Luxembourg in 1482. He was 'hereditary seneschal' of Hainaut, baron of Cysoing, 'Premier Beer of Flanders, lord of Werchin, Walincourt, Jeumont, Fagnoeulles, the Biez, Templemars, Montreul and La Royère. He had 5 children including Antoine and Pierre and died on July 10, 1513 at the Château Du Biez in Péruwelz and was buried in Roubaix.
1513 - 1528:Antoine De Werchin (15 years): Son of the preceding who married after the death of his father Marguerite De Luxembourg. He had the same duties and titles as his father. On April 1,1516, he dined at the Château de Verchin, going to Valenciennes, and the next day to Saint-Python. In 1517 he left for Spain where he distinguished himself in tournaments in Zaragoza. He died in 1528 (or 1529) without posterity.
1528 - 1556: Pierre De Werchin (28 years): born round 1500, brother of the previous one, he also had the same titles to which he added those of his mother who died in 1534. He married Hélène De Vergy, was chamberlain to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and was made prisoner at the Siege of Therouanne then traded for the lord of Fiennes. He was one of the 22 knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece elected by Charles V in Utrecht in 1555 and was governor of Tournai. He had two "sectarians" burned alive. One named Pierre Brusly, one of the best disciples of Calvin, making his sermons at night in hiding and a 'hautlisseur' named Bertrand Le Blas for having sacked the Sacramental bread out of the priest's hands (Le Blas had a fist cut out beforehand as punishment). As a Catholic he was a great enemy of the Calvinists, who in August 1566, 10 years after his death in 1556, profaned his grave and threw his remains in the Scheldt. He had three daughters, Joan, who became a nun at Ath, Charlotte, who became lady of Jeumont, and married Charles, Maximilian De Hennin, and Yolente.[10]
1556 - 1593:Yolente De Werchin (37 years): married Hugues De Melun on October 3, 1543 and inherited (among others) the Seigneury of Saint-Python. Born around 1520, she died on May 16, 1593 and was buried in Roubaix.
1593 - 1634:Anne Marie De Melun (41 years): x Lamoral De Ligne.
1634 - 1641:Albert Henri De Ligne (7 years): x Marie Claire De Nassau.
1641 - 1679:Claude Lamoral De Ligne (38 years)and his wife Countess Claire Marie of Nassau-Siegen. Claude Lamoral, 3rd Prince of Ligne, Prince of Epinoy, Marquis of Roubaix and Count of Fauquemberg (8 October 1618 – 21 December 1679), was a nobleman from the Spanish Netherlands, a soldier and diplomat in the service of Philip IV of Spain and Charles II of Spain .
1679 - 1702:Henri Louis Ernest De Ligne (23 years): x Jeanne d'Aragon (assumed).
1705:Antoine Parisot (11 years):
1716 - 1720:Charles Louis Parisot (4 years):Parisot is a village in Tarn-et-Garonne on the Villefranche-de-Rouergue / Montauban axis. The mystery remains as to how the descendants of these distant lords became lords of Saint-Python. Charles married Marie Catherine De Montmonnier. In late 1715, he sold for 12,000 florins his lordship Blécourt. He had 7 children including four of them who died in the Saint-Python's Castle fire on September 4, 1718. One of his sons who was a squire became the commanding officer of the Régiment de Rochefort while one of his girls married Jean Féry Antoine De Carondelet. On June 30, 1719, he received 160,000 French livres from his sister Marie Catherine Parisot who lived in Saint-Python against an inheritance annuity of 6,400 French livres. On April 20,1720 he sells a stronghold located in St-Python for 6,400 French livres to the Seigneur Delalive. He died on April 26,1745 at Parish St George in Cambrai aged 56 after a lengthy agony. The collective rumour had it that the desperate lord played his castle at a card game and lost it.
1720 - 1721: Louis Denis De La Live de Bellegarde (1 year):
1756-1762:Charles Joseph Xavier De Pollinchove (6 years) i n of the preceding Lord of Saint-Python. He was baptized at the Collégiale Saint-Pierre de Douai on July 25,1737. He was made advisor to the Parlement de Flandres on December 12,1757, made Président à mortier on January 4, 1760, Keeper of the Seals of the Chancellery of the said Parliament on June 11,1778 and 1st president on February 13,1780. By letters patent of the king, he was summoned in 1787 to attend the 'Assembly of Notables and was part of the sixth office chaired by Louis François Joseph, Prince of Conti (1 September 1734 – 13 March 1814). By decision of 14 nivôse year 6 of the French Directory, he is deemed 'emigrated', having left France since July 14, 1799. His title of Lord of Saint-Python and properties were confiscated for the benefit of the Republic. He died unmarried on February 21, 1816 in his hôtel particulier located at 'rue de la Ture' in Tournai.
On February 3, 1790, voters elected Mr. Duplessy, vicar of St-Python, as public prosecutor, but he refused. On February 23rd, Etienne Dambrinne was elected prosecutor but already held another office, so the function was given to Mr. Lernou, priest of St-Python. This first municipal act was recorded on a sheet of paper from St-Python's Marlier paper mill, decorated with a drawing of three fleurs-de-lis inside a circle.[12][self-published source]
Georges Flamengt has been mayor of Saint-Python since election in March 2001.[13]
In the 2017 French presidential election, Marine Le Pen came in first place in the 2nd (final) round with 59.41% of the votes in Saint-Python, ahead of Emmanuel Macron (En Marche!) who received 40.59% of the votes. 7.21% of voters returned a blank ballot paper. The participation rate was 77.73% for the 2nd round, a decline in turnout of 1.68 points from the first round of the election.[14]
In 2015, the municipality had 995 inhabitants, an increase of 0.4% compared to 2010.[15] In January 2019, mayor Georges Flamengt announced two major social projects: a renovation of Haussy Street and the rehabilitation of a former company building into social housing units.[16]
Education
The town has one public primary school: the École maternelle et élémentaire de Saint-Python. It is contractually regulated by the Academy of Lille. Secondary schools include the public Collège Antoine de Saint-Exupéry and the private Catholic Institution Saint-Michel, both located in Solesmes.
Places & Monuments
One of the paths of Camino de Santiago (Way of St. James, Chemins de Compostelle), the via septentriones templi passes through the village coming from Haussy. It goes through the municipal park, then the church, before leaving by meandering in the streets towards Saint-Vaast-en Cambrésis by hiking trails. Several tags are in fact embedded in the tar, plus two labels on the way.[17]
The smaller 'Leterme Castle' (1908).
Saint-Python's Castle
Saint-Python has two castles: the 'Cardon Castle' referred to as 'Saint-Python's Castle' and the smaller 'Leterme Castle'.
In 1185, Saint-Python's Castle was set on fire by Philip I, Count of Flanders (1143 – 1 August 1191). On September 28, 2007 the castle which now belongs to the Pavot Family, endured another fire devastating the floors and roofs. He was once again restored the following year.
Four of Charles Louis Parisot's children died in the Saint-Python's Castle fire on September 4, 1718.
On November 26, 1817 was bought by Henri Charles Cardon and Antoine Marlière.
On August 31, 1821 part of the castle is resold after restoration and enlargement for 12.500 Francs to the prefecture to install the horse-riding gendarmerie of Solesmes.
Religion
Saint-Python’s Church indoors (1905).
As of 2019, Saint-Piatiens have always been almost exclusively Christians with a minority of atheists. Few Muslim families arrived and settled in the late 2000's and 2010's in Saint-Python and its neighbouring villages.[citation needed]
Sports
Chemin Nungesser, located south of the town, is one of the secteurs pavés on the route of the Paris–Roubaix bicycle race.
Culs de Caudron
Saint-Python’s ‘Culs de Caudron’ celebrations taking place in September and involving the Géants du Nord has been inscribed by UNESCO on the lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2008, originally proclaimed in November 2005 as it is included in the set of folkloric manifestations representing the processional giants and dragons (French: Géants et dragons processionnels) of Belgium and France. Those gigantic figures, incarnating fictitious or real beings, are inherited from medieval rites and are carried or rolled around to dance in the streets during processions or festivals. The ‘Culs de Caudron’ often coincide with a ducasse. [18]
Conspicuous people affiliated to the commune
Raymond Poirette (1928–1944): He was born March 16, 1928 in Solesmes and died September 2, 1944 in Saint-Python. He was a French Resistant and was arrested and shot dead at close range at 16 years old while he was handing out leaflets near ‘N° 61 of the Rue d’Haussy’. Solesmes' resistance network was headed by Victor Poirette, Raymond's older brother, and Georges Mailloux. Teenagers then served as liaison agents: Raymond Poirette is among them. Their role was to transport documents, weapons, to transmit orders from one point to another. In addition to his role as liaison officer, Raymond participated in some sabotage operations with the aim of hindering the German retreat. As a tribute to the young resistance fighter, several places bear his name, a street in Solesmes and a school restaurant in Saint-Python.[19]
Bibliography
Louis Boniface, Etude sur la signification des noms topographiques de l'arrondissement de Cambrai, Valenciennes, Impr. Louis Henry, 1866.
^Mannier, Eugène (1861). Eugène Mannier, Études étymologiques, historiques et comparatives sur les noms des villes, bourgs et villages du département du Nord. Paris: Auguste Aubry, Libraire-Éditeur.
^Turquin, Pierre (1955). "The Battle of the Sabis (La Bataille de la Selle – du Sabis)". Les Études Classiques. 23/2: 111–157.
^Duvivier, C. (1865). Recherches Sur Le Hainaut Ancien (Pagus Hainoensis) Du Viie Au Xiie Siecles. Paris: HACHETTE LIVRE. ISBN9782012621978. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
^Hossart, Philippe (1792). Histoire Ecclésiastique Et Profane Du Hainaut. bibliothèque de l'État de Bavière: Lelong.
^Meresse, Abbe (2004). History of Cateau-Cambresis. Lorisse. ISBN9782877607728.
^Deloffre, Guy (1985). Guerres et brigandages au XVe siècle en Hainaut, Pays d'Avesnes, Thiérache et Ardennes. Paris: Mémoire de la Société archéologique et historique d'Avesnes.
^Contamine, Philippe (2004). Guerre, État et société à la fin du Moyen Âge. Études sur les armées des rois de France (1337–1494). Paris: Éditions de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS). pp. 450, 334.
^de Combles, Waroquier (1785). État de la France, ou les vrais marquis, comtes, vicomtes et barons. National Library of the Netherlands: Clousier.
^Peter; Poulet, chanoine J. (1930). Religious History of the Department of the North during the Revolution (1789–1802) [Histoire religieuse du département du Nord pendant la Révolution (1789–1802)]. Lille: Publivations des Facultés Catholiques (Volume I. From the end of the Ancien Régime to 9 Thermidor year II – July 28, 1794).{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Caille Du Fourny, Honoré (1726). Histoire Généalogique Et Chronologique De La Maison Royale De France, Des Pairs, Grands Officiers de la Couronne & de la Maison du Roy. State Library of Bavaria: Compagnie des Libraires.
^Blas, Michel (9 November 2018). "Election de 1790". Saint-Python. Retrieved 13 November 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
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