Funiculina quadrangularis
Appearance
Funiculina quadrangularis | |
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Species of conservation concern
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Cnidaria |
Subphylum: | Anthozoa |
Class: | Octocorallia |
Order: | Pennatulacea |
Family: | Funiculinidae |
Genus: | Funiculina |
Species: | Funiculina
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Binomial name | |
Funiculina |
Funiculina quadrangularis is an uncommon species of Sea Pen within the Family Funiculinidae.[1] It forms habitat for several key crustation species.[2]
Distribution
Found mainly within deep sea basins of Scottish sea lochs with a depth below 20m, but has been found within the outer mouths of said lochs.[1][2]
Reproduction
With a sex ratio of 1:1 of males to females in a population, spawning occurs in the winter.[3] They have a large pool of offspring with a survival rate of about 10%.[3]
Threats
Due to the small territory of this species, it is vulnerable to fishing activities.[2][3]
References
- ^ a b Saunders, Graham R.; Mair, James M.; Donnan, David W.; Greathead, Clare F. (October 2007). "The sea pens Virgularia mirabilis, Pennatula phosphorea and Funiculina quadrangularis: distribution and conservation issues in Scottish waters". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 87 (5): 1095–1103. doi:10.1017/S0025315407056238. ISSN 1469-7769.
- ^ a b c Wright, Erin P.; Kemp, Kirsty; Rogers, Alex D.; Yesson, Chris (2015). "Genetic structure of the tall sea pen Funiculina quadrangularis in NW Scottish sea lochs". Marine Ecology. 36 (3): 659–667. doi:10.1111/maec.12174. ISSN 1439-0485.
- ^ a b c Edwards, Daniel (March 2009). "Reproduction in the sea pen Funiculina quadrangularis (Anthozoa: Pennatulacea) from the west coast of Scotland". www.sciencedirect.com. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.01.006. Retrieved 2019-04-05.
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