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Public recursive name server

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A public recursive name server (also called public DNS resolver) is a name server service that networked computers may use for query to DNS, the decentralized Internet naming system, in place of or in addition to name servers operated by the Internet service provider to which the devices are connected. Reasons for using these services include:

Public DNS resolver operators often cite increased privacy as an advantage of their services; critics of public DNS services have cited the possibility of mass data collection targeted at the public resolvers as a potential risk of using these services. Several services now support secure DNS lookup transport services such as DNS over HTTPS and DNS over TLS.

Public DNS resolvers are operated either by commercial companies, offering their service for free use to the public, or by private enthusiasts to help spread new technologies and support non-profit communities.

List of public DNS service operators

Provider Nodes Privacy policy DNS over UDP DNSSEC DNS over TLS DNS over HTTPS DNSCrypt CNAME addresses IPv4 addresses IPv6 addresses Filters Remarks
CleanBrowsing[6] 20 Yes[7] Yes Yes Yes[8] Yes[9] Yes[10] 185.228.168.168
185.228.169.168 		2a0d:2a00:1::
2a0d:2a00:2:: 		Family Designed to be used on devices of kids under 13.
185.228.168.10
185.228.169.11 		2a0d:2a00:1::1
2a0d:2a00:2::1 		Adult
185.228.168.9
185.228.169.9 		2a0d:2a00:1::2
2a0d:2a00:2::2 		Security
Cloudflare 1.1.1.1[11] 155[12] Yes[13] Yes Yes[14] Yes[15] Yes[16] No 1dot1dot1dot1.cloudflare-dns.com 1.1.1.1
1.0.0.1 		2606:4700:4700::1111
2606:4700:4700::1001 		None
Comodo Secure DNS[17] No Yes No No No No ns1.recursive.dnsbycomodo.com
ns2.recursive.dnsbycomodo.com 		8.26.56.26
8.20.247.20 		—
CZ.NIC ODVR[18] Yes Yes Yes No No No 217.31.204.130
193.29.206.206 		2001:1488:800:400::130
2001:678:1::206 		None Servers are located in Prague
Oracle + Dyn[19] Yes[20] Yes Yes resolver1.dyndnsinternetguide.com
resolver2.dyndnsinternetguide.com 		216.146.35.35
216.146.36.36 		—
Google Public DNS[21] 23[22] Yes[23] Yes Yes Yes Yes[24] No google-public-dns-a.google.com
google-public-dns-b.google.com 		8.8.8.8
8.8.4.4 		2001:4860:4860::8888
2001:4860:4860::8844 		None
— 2001:4860:4860::6464
2001:4860:4860::64 		None Intended to be used on networks with NAT64 gateway.[25]
Neustar UltraRecursive[26] Yes[27] Yes Yes No No No 156.154.70.1
156.154.71.1 		2610:a1:1018::1
2610:a1:1019::1 		None
156.154.70.2
156.154.71.2 		2610:a1:1018::2
2610:a1:1019::2 		Malware, ransomware, spyware, phishing
156.154.70.3
156.154.71.3 		2610:a1:1018::3
2610:a1:1019::3 		Low security + gambling, pornography, violence, hate
156.154.70.4
156.154.71.4 		2610:a1:1018::4
2610:a1:1019::4 		Medium security + gaming, adult, drugs, alcohol, anonymous proxies
156.154.70.5
156.154.71.5 		2610:a1:1018::5
2610:a1:1019::5 		None Will not redirect non-existent domains to a landing page
Norton ConnectSafe[28] Yes[29] Yes No No No No 199.85.126.10
199.85.127.10 		— Security (malware, phishing sites and scam sites) Shut down on November 15, 2018[30]
199.85.126.20
199.85.127.20 		Security and pornography
199.85.126.30
199.85.127.30 		Family-friendly: security, pornography and other objectionable content
OpenDNS[31] 31[32] Yes[33] Yes No No No Yes[34] 208.67.222.222
208.67.220.220 		2620:0:ccc::2
2620:0:ccd::2 		None
208.67.222.123
208.67.220.123 		2620:119:35::35
2620:119:53::53 		"FamilyShield": adult content
OpenNIC[35] Yes[36] Yes No No No Partial[37] Several [38] 185.121.177.177
169.239.202.202 		2a05:dfc7:5::53
2a05:dfc7:5::5353 		List of all OpenNIC Tier 2 DNS Resolvers
Quad9[39] 137[40] Yes[41] Yes Yes[42] Yes[43] Yes[44] Yes[45] dns.quad9.net
rpz-public-resolver1.rrdns.pch.net 		9.9.9.9
149.112.112.112 		2620:fe::fe
2620:fe::9 		Malicious domains (phishing, malware, exploit kit domains)
No[46] dns-nosec.quad9.net 9.9.9.10
149.112.112.10 		2620:fe::10
2620:fe::fe:10 		None
VeriSign Public DNS[47] Yes[48] Yes Yes[49] No No No recpubns1.nstld.net
recpubns2.nstld.net 		64.6.64.6
64.6.65.6 		2620:74:1b::1:1
2620:74:1c::2:2 		None
Yandex.DNS[50] Yes[51] Yes No No No No 77.88.8.1
77.88.8.8 		2a02:6b8::feed:0ff
2a02:6b8:0:1::feed:0ff 		None
77.88.8.2
77.88.8.88 		2a02:6b8::feed:bad
2a02:6b8:0:1::feed:bad 		"Safe": fraudulent / infected / bot sites
77.88.8.3
77.88.8.7 		2a02:6b8::feed:a11
2a02:6b8:0:1::feed:a11 		"Family": fraudulent / infected / bot / adult sites

References

  1. ^ "How to Change Your Default DNS to Google DNS for Fast Internet Speeds". TechWorm. 2016-08-20. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  2. ^ "A simple way to get around Rogers' DNS re-directing". IT Business. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  3. ^ "OpenDNS Adds Centralized Reporting, IP-Layer Enforcement to Umbrella". mspmentor.net. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  4. ^ "Austrian Pirate Bay Blockade Censors Slovak Internet - TorrentFreak". TorrentFreak. 2015-12-03. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  5. ^ Security; Iana; Icann; Fcc; Google; again, DNS devastation: Top websites whacked offline as Dyn dies; dates, Coming soon to smart home devices? Best Before labels-with patch cut-off; IoT insecurity: US govt summons tech bosses, bashes heads together. "DNS devastation: Top websites whacked offline as Dyn dies again". Retrieved 2016-10-22. {{cite web}}: |last5= has generic name (help)
  6. ^ "IPv4 and IPv6 Anycast DNS Firewall and Resolver".
  7. ^ NOC.org / dcid. "CleanBrowsing Privacy and Terms of Service". Cleanbrowsing.org. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  8. ^ "Parental Control with DNS over TLS Support".
  9. ^ NOC.org / dcid. "Parental Control with DNS Over HTTPS (DoH) Support". Cleanbrowsing.org. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  10. ^ NOC.org / dcid. "Parental Control with DNSCrypt Support". Cleanbrowsing.org. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  11. ^ "1.1.1.1 — the Internet's Fastest, Privacy-First DNS Resolver".
  12. ^ Cloudflare: Our Anycast Network Map
  13. ^ "Privacy Policy". Cloudflare. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  14. ^ "The Nitty Gritty - Cloudflare Resolver".
  15. ^ Cloudflare Inc (2018-03-31). "DNS over TLS - Cloudflare Resolver". Developers.cloudflare.com. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  16. ^ Cloudflare Inc. "DNS over HTTPS - Cloudflare Resolver". Developers.cloudflare.com. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
  17. ^ Comodo Secure DNS, Managed DNS Service, Secure DNS Provider
  18. ^ CZ.NIC Open DNSSEC Validating Resolvers
  19. ^ "Surf faster with Dyn's Recursive DNS". dyn.com. Retrieved 2018-12-31.
  20. ^ "Oracle's Privacy Policy". dyn.com. Retrieved 2018-12-31.
  21. ^ Google Public DNS
  22. ^ Google Public DNS: Where are your servers currently located?
  23. ^ Google Public DNS: Your Privacy
  24. ^ Google Public DNS: DNS-over-HTTPS
  25. ^ Google Public DNS64
  26. ^ "Recursive DNS on the Global Anycast Network | Neustar". security.neustar. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  27. ^ "Privacy Policy | Neustar". home.neustar.
  28. ^ Norton ConnectSafe
  29. ^ Norton ConnectSafe Privacy Notice
  30. ^ "Norton ConnectSafe". connectsafe.norton.com. Retrieved 2018-12-31.
  31. ^ Cloud Delivered Enterprise Security by OpenDNS
  32. ^ OpenDNS: Data Center Locations
  33. ^ Cisco Online Privacy Statement
  34. ^ OpenDNS: DNS Security with DNSCrypt
  35. ^ OpenNIC Project
  36. ^ OpenNIC: Privacy Policy
  37. ^ OpenNIC: DNSCrypt
  38. ^ OpenNIC Tier 2 DNS Resolvers
  39. ^ Quad9 DNS: Internet Security and Privacy in a Few Easy Steps
  40. ^ Quad9’s Year One Success Shows There is a DNS Solution that Provides Both Privacy and Security
  41. ^ Quad9: Privacy, Data Collection and Use Policy
  42. ^ Quad9 FAQ: Does Quad9 implement DNSSEC?
  43. ^ Quad9 Frequently Asked Questions
  44. ^ DoH with Quad9 DNS Servers
  45. ^ Quad9 DNSCrypt Now In Testing
  46. ^ Quad9 FAQ: Is there a service that Quad9 offers that does not have the blocklist or other security?
  47. ^ Verisign Public DNS
  48. ^ Verisign Public DNS Terms of Service
  49. ^ Verisign Public DNS Forum: employee post
  50. ^ Yandex.DNS
  51. ^ Terms of use of the Yandex.DNS service
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