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Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation

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The location of PEPSSI among the seven instruments on NH is pointed to

Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI), is an instrument on the New Horizons space probe to Pluto and beyond, it is designed to measure ions and electrons.[1] Specifically, it is focused on measuring ions escaping from the atmosphere of Pluto during the 2015 flyby.[2] It is one of seven major scientific instruments aboard the spacecraft.[3] The spacecraft was launched in 2006, flewby Jupiter the following year, and went on flyby Pluto in 2015 where PEPSI was able to record and transmit back to Earth the planned data collections.[4][5]

PEPSSI is designed to help understand the rate of atmospheric loss from the atmosphere of Pluto into space, which is thought experience comet-like atmosphere loss into outer space.[6][7] These ions blend in with the surrounding solar wind which passed by Pluto.[8] During the flyby PEPSSI sent data back to Earth every day.[9] During the journey to Pluto, PEPSSI was also used to record data about the interplanetary medium.[10]

Design

PEPPSI is a compact low-power ion measurement device, and it is a time of flight type of instrument[11] The design detects ions from about 10 keV to 1 MeV in a fan shaped160 degree by 12 degree arc.[12] The device has a mass of 1.5 kg (3.31 lb) and can consume about 2.5 watts of electrical power.[13] The ionized particles pass through two microchannel plates, with the time recorded for the time between these detections.[14] After passing though this section, there is a solid state silicon detector.[15]

The 160 by 12 degree field of view is covered by six detectors each with a 25 by 12 degree field of view.[16] By noting which detector the particle has arrived at, its overall direction of input can be noted.[17]

To meet the low power use and weight requirements, the device made use of application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).[18]

PEPSSI is based on an instrument that was onboard the Discovery program's MESSENGER (planet Mercury orbiter, launched 2004/ended 2015) called the Energetic Particle Spectrometer.[19] PEPSSI complements the focus of SWAP, which is oriented towards lower energy ions.[19] Whereas PEPSSi measures ions with energies from about 10 keV to 1000 keV, SWAP measures ions from 25 to 7.5 keV.[19]

Specifications

Specs:[20]

  • Mass: 2.5 kilograms (5.51 pounds)
  • Power use: ∼2.5 watts
  • Field of view: 160°×12°
  • Ion energy detection range: 20 keV to 1 MeV[21]

See also

References

  1. ^ McNutt, Ralph L.; Livi, Stefano A.; Gurnee, Reid S.; Hill, Matthew E.; Cooper, Kim A.; Andrews, G. Bruce; Keath, Edwin P.; Krimigis, Stamatios M.; Mitchell, Donald G. (2008-10). "The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) on the New Horizons Mission". Space Science Reviews. 140 (1–4): 315–385. doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9436-y. ISSN 0038-6308. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ Talbert, Tricia (2015-03-25). "Spacecraft and Instruments". NASA. Retrieved 2018-10-20.
  3. ^ Talbert, Tricia (2015-03-25). "Spacecraft and Instruments". NASA. Retrieved 2018-10-20.
  4. ^ [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253076462_ASICs_for_the_Pluto_Energetic_Particle_Spectrometer_Science_Investigation_on_NASA%27s_New_Horizons_mission_to_Pluto
  5. ^ Gipson, Lillian (2015-07-01). "New Horizons Color Images Reveal Two Distinct Faces of Pluto". NASA. Retrieved 2018-10-20.
  6. ^ L., McNutt, Ralph; E., Hill, Matthew; M., Lisse, Carey; Peter, Kollmann,; Fran, Bagenal,; M., Krimigis, Stamatios; J., McComas, David; A., Elliott, Heather; J., Wolk, Scott (2015-11). "Escape of Pluto's Atmosphere: In Situ Measurements from the Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) instrument on New Horizons and Remote Observations from the Chandra X-ray observatory". 47. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ McNutt, Ralph L.; Livi, Stefano A.; Gurnee, Reid S.; Hill, Matthew E.; Cooper, Kim A.; Andrews, G. Bruce; Keath, Edwin P.; Krimigis, Stamatios M.; Mitchell, Donald G. (2008-10). "The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) on the New Horizons Mission". Space Science Reviews. 140 (1–4): 315–385. doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9436-y. ISSN 0038-6308. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ^ Gipson, Lillian (2015-07-01). "New Horizons Color Images Reveal Two Distinct Faces of Pluto". NASA. Retrieved 2018-10-20.
  9. ^ Gipson, Lillian (2015-07-01). "New Horizons Color Images Reveal Two Distinct Faces of Pluto". NASA. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
  10. ^ Paschalidis, Nicholas; McNutt, Ralph (2010-01-01). "ASICs for the Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation on NASA's New Horizons mission to Pluto". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ^ L., McNutt, Ralph; E., Hill, Matthew; M., Lisse, Carey; Peter, Kollmann,; Fran, Bagenal,; M., Krimigis, Stamatios; J., McComas, David; A., Elliott, Heather; J., Wolk, Scott (2015-11). "Escape of Pluto's Atmosphere: In Situ Measurements from the Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) instrument on New Horizons and Remote Observations from the Chandra X-ray observatory". 47. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ [1]
  13. ^ McNutt, Ralph L.; Livi, Stefano A.; Gurnee, Reid S.; Hill, Matthew E.; Cooper, Kim A.; Andrews, G. Bruce; Keath, Edwin P.; Krimigis, Stamatios M.; Mitchell, Donald G. (2008-10). "The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) on the New Horizons Mission". Space Science Reviews. 140 (1–4): 315–385. doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9436-y. ISSN 0038-6308. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  14. ^ Russell, C. T. (2009-02-28). New Horizons: Reconnaissance of the Pluto-Charon System and the Kuiper Belt. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9780387895185.
  15. ^ Russell, C. T. (2009-02-28). New Horizons: Reconnaissance of the Pluto-Charon System and the Kuiper Belt. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9780387895185.
  16. ^ Russell, C. T. (2009-02-28). New Horizons: Reconnaissance of the Pluto-Charon System and the Kuiper Belt. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9780387895185.
  17. ^ Russell, C. T. (2009-02-28). New Horizons: Reconnaissance of the Pluto-Charon System and the Kuiper Belt. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9780387895185.
  18. ^ Paschalidis, Nicholas; McNutt, Ralph (2010-01-01). "ASICs for the Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation on NASA's New Horizons mission to Pluto". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  19. ^ a b c Russell, C. T. (2009-02-28). New Horizons: Reconnaissance of the Pluto-Charon System and the Kuiper Belt. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9780387895185.
  20. ^ McNutt, Ralph L.; Livi, Stefano A.; Gurnee, Reid S.; Hill, Matthew E.; Cooper, Kim A.; Andrews, G. Bruce; Keath, Edwin P.; Krimigis, Stamatios M.; Mitchell, Donald G. (2008-10). "The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) on the New Horizons Mission". Space Science Reviews. 140 (1–4): 315–385. doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9436-y. ISSN 0038-6308. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  21. ^ [2]
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