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Dew computing

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Dew computing is an information technology (IT) paradigm that combines the core concept of cloud computing with the capabilities of end devices (personal computers, mobile phones, etc.). This is utilized in such a way so as to improve the experience for the end user in comparison to only using cloud computing.[1] Dew computing attempts to solve major problems related to cloud computing technology, such as reliance on internet access. Dropbox is an example of the dew computing paradigm, as it provides access to the files and folders in cloud in addition to keeping copies on local devices, allowing files to be accessed during times without an internet connection, and when a connection is established again, synchronizing the files and folders back to the cloud server.[2]

History

While cloud computing has been expanding rapidly, other models based on cloud computing have emerged, including fog computing, Edge computing, dew computing, etc. Each of these cutting-edge models provide better experiences for users.[3]

Cloud computing provides universal access and scalability. However, the challenges related to having all the resources far from a user's control occasionally cause problems. In the classic cloud computing paradigm, when the Internet connection to the servers is lost, the user is unable to access his or her data; dew computing aims to solve this problem.[2][4][5][6]

The term "dew computing," as used in information technology, first appeared in 2015 in IT literature and from then on has been a field of interest. The cloud-dew architecture was proposed as a possible solution to the offline data accessibility problem.[7]

At first, the scope included only web applications, later broader application was proposed.[5]

Definition

As an information technology paradigm, dew computing, using the core concept of cloud computing, seeks to use the capabilities of personal computers along with cloud services in a more reliable manner, providing two main features of independence and collaboration.[1][4][3]

The key definitions of dew computing are independence and collaboration. Independence means that the local device must be able to provide service without continuous access to the cloud service and connection to the Internet. Collaboration means that the application must be able to connect to cloud service and transfers and synchronize data with the cloud service when appropriate.[6]

Use of the word "dew" reflects natural phenomena; clouds are far from ground; fog is closer to ground; and dew is on the ground. Analogically, cloud computing is a remote service, fog computing is beside the user and dew computing is at the user end.

Architecture

DVM-cloud architecture

To establish a cloud-dew architecture on a PC, a dew virtual machine (DVM) is needed. The DVM is an isolated environment for executing the dew server on the local PC, and it consists of at least three components: dew server (DS), data analytics server (DAS), and artificial intelligence of the dew (AID).[7]

  • Dew server (DS): The DS acts like the cloud service on the local PC. It interacts with the cloud service and periodically synchronizes contents with the cloud service.[7]
  • Dew analytics server (DAS): Dew analytics server collects data from usage of the dew server.[7]
  • Artificial intelligence of the dew (AID): After receiving data from the DAS about usage patterns, the AID uses the data to customize and tailor the dew server to the user to enhance their experience.[7]

Categories

The dew computing categories are classifies based on the application field.

  • Web in Dew (WiD)
    • The local device must possess a duplicated fraction of the World Wide Web (WWW) or a modified copy of that fraction to satisfy the independence feature. Because this fraction synchronizes with the web, it satisfies the collaboration feature of dew computing.[2]
  • Storage in Dew (SiD)
    • The storage of the local device is partially or fully copied into the cloud. A good example of this is DropBox in which a user can create a folder in the cloud and have access to the folder and its contents on the local device once the synchronization has completed. Since the user can access the files at any time without the need for constant Internet access, this category meets the independence feature of dew computing. SiD also meets the collaboration feature because the folder and its contents automatically synchronize with the cloud service.[2]
  • Database in Dew (DBiD)
    • The local device and the cloud both store copies of the same database. One of these two databases is considered the main version and can be defined as such by the database administrator. This service increases the reliability of a database since one of the databases can act as the backup for the other.[2]
  • Software in Dew (SiD)
    • The configuration and ownership of a software are saved in the cloud. Good examples of this are the Apple App Store and Google Play where the applications the user installs are saved to their account and can be installed on any device linked to their account.[2]
  • Platform in Dew (PiD)
    • A software development suite must be installed on the local device with the settings and application data synchronized to the cloud service. A Software Development Kit on its own does not satisfy these requirements; it must be able to synchronize development data, system deployment data, and online backups. An example of this category is GitHub.[2]
  • Infrastructure as Dew (IaD)
    • The local device is dynamically supported by cloud services. IaD can come in different forms, but at least the following two forms can be used: (1) the local device can have an exact duplicate DVM instance in the cloud, which is always kept in the same state as the local instance; (2) the local device can have all its settings/data saved in the cloud, including system settings/data and data for each application.[2]
  • Data in Dew (DiD)
    • When all its applications satisfy the independence and collaboration requirements but cannot be placed in any of the above categories. An example of this would be the Novell Groupwise email client.[2]

Possible challenges

Dew computing faces a number of technical challenges, including issues related to power management, processor utility, data storage, viability of operation system, network model, communication model, programming principles,dew recommender engine, local dew network, personal high productivity, database security, and behaviors of browser.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Hu, Yu-Chen; Tiwari, Shailesh; Mishra, Krishn K.; Trivedi, Munesh C., eds. (2018). Intelligent Communication and Computational Technologies. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Vol. 19. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-5523-2. ISBN 978-981-10-5522-5. ISSN 2367-3370.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Wang, Yingwei (2016). "Definition and Categorization of Dew Computing". Open Journal of Cloud Computing. 3 (1). ISSN 2199-1987.
  3. ^ a b "Doing More with the Dew: A New Approach to Cloud-Dew Architecture - Semantic Scholar". Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  4. ^ a b "Cloud-dew architecture : realizing the potential of distributed database systems in unreliable networks - Semantic Scholar". Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  5. ^ a b "Dew helps ground cloud computing". Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  6. ^ a b Yingwei, Wang, (2015). "The initial definition of dew computing". Dew Computing Research.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ a b c d e "Dew Computing and Transition of Internet Computing Paradigms - ZTE Corporation". wwwen.zte.com.cn. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
  8. ^ "An Introduction to Dew Computing: Definition, Concept and Implications - IEEE Journals & Magazine". ieeexplore.ieee.org. Retrieved 2018-06-30.
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