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HATNet Project

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The Hungarian Automated Telescope Network (HATNet) project is a network of six small fully automated "HAT" telescopes. The scientific goal of the project is to detect and characterize extrasolar planets using the transit method. This network is used also to find and follow bright variable stars. The network is maintained by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.

The HAT acronym stands for Hungarian-made Automated Telescope, because it was developed by a small group of Hungarians who met through the Hungarian Astronomical Association. The project started in 1999 and has been fully operational since May 2001.[1]

Equipment

The prototype instrument, HAT-1 was built from a 180 mm focal length and 65 mm aperture Nikon telephoto lens and a Kodak KAF-0401E chip of 512 × 768, 9 μm pixels. The test period was from 2000 to 2001 at the Konkoly Observatory in Budapest.[1]

HAT-1 was transported from Budapest to the Steward Observatory, Kitt Peak, Arizona, USA, in January 2001. The transportation caused serious damage to the equipment.[1]

Later built telescopes use Canon 11 cm diameter f/1.8L lenses for a wide-field of 8°×8°. It is a fully automated instrument with 2K x 2K Charge-coupled device (CCD) sensors. One HAT instrument operates at the Wise Observatory.[2][3]

HAT is controlled by a single Linux PC without human supervision. Data are stored in a MySQL database.[citation needed]

HAT-South

From 2009, three other locations joined the HATNet with telescopes of completely new design. The telescopes are deployed to Australia, Namibia and Chile. Each system has eight (2*4) joint-mounted, quasi-parallel Takahashi Epsilon (180 mm diameter, f/2.8) astrographs with Apogee 4k*4k CCDs with overlapping fields of view. The processing computers are Xenomai-based industrial PCs with 10 TB of storage. The funding is provided until 2013.

Participants in the project

HAT-1 was developed during the undergraduate (and also the first year graduate) studies of Gáspár Bakos (Eötvös Loránd University) and at Konkoly Observatory (Budapest), under the supervision of Dr. Géza Kovács. In the development József Lázár, István Papp and Pál Sári also played an important role.

Planets discovered

Twenty-nine extrasolar planets have been discovered so far by the HATNet project (note that the discovery of the planet WASP-11b/HAT-P-10b, WASP-40b/HAT-P-27b and WASP-51b/HAT-P-30b was simultaneously announced by the SuperWASP team). All have been discovered using the transit method. In addition, the radial velocity followup has detected an additional companion, either a massive planet or a small brown dwarf around the star HAT-P-13, making this the first known transiting planet in a system with an outer companion in a well-characterised orbit.[4]

Light green rows indicate that the planet orbits one of the stars in a binary star system.

North

Star Constellation Right
ascension 		Declination App.
mag. 		Distance (ly) Spectral
type 		Planet Mass
(MJ) 		Radius
(RJ) 		Orbital
period
(d) 		Semimajor
axis
(AU) 		Orbital
eccentricity 		Inclination
(°) 		Discovery
year 		Ref
ADS 16402 B Lacerta 22h 57m 47s +38° 40′ 30″ 10.4 453 G0V HAT-P-1b 0.524 1.225 4.4652934 0.0553 <0.067 86.28 2006 [5][6]
HD 147506 Hercules 16h 20m 36s +41° 02′ 53″ 8.71 440 F8 HAT-P-2b 8.65 0.951 5.63341 0.0677 0.5163 90 2007 [7]
GSC 03466-00819 Ursa Major 13h 44m 23s +48° 01′ 43″ 11.86 457 K HAT-P-3b 0.599 0.890 2.899703 0.03894 0 87.24 2007 [8]
BD+36°2593 Boötes 15h 19m 58s +36° 13′ 47″ 11.2 1010 F HAT-P-4b 0.68 1.27 3.056536 0.0446 0 89.9 2007 [9]
GSC 02634-01087 Lyra 18h 17m 37s +36° 37′ 16″ 12 1110 G HAT-P-5b 1.06 1.26 2.788491 0.04075 0 86.75 2007 [10]
GSC 03239-00992 Andromeda 23h 39m 06s +42° 27′ 58″ 10.5 650 F HAT-P-6b 1.057 1.33 3.852985 0.05235 0 85.51 2007 [11]
GSC 03547-01402 Cygnus 19h 28m 59s +47° 58′ 10″ 10.5 1044 F8 HAT-P-7b 1.776 1.363 2.2047299 0.0377 0 85.7 2008 [12]
GSC 02757-01152 Pegasus 22h 52m 10s +35° 26′ 50″ 10.17 750 F HAT-P-8b 1.52 1.5 3.07632 0.0487 0 87.5 2008 [13]
HAT-P-9 Auriga 07h 20m 40s +37° 08′ 26″ 12.34 1560 F HAT-P-9b 0.78 1.4 3.92289 0.053 0 86.5 2008 [14]
WASP-11/HAT-P-10 Perseus 03h 09m 29s +30° 40′ 25″ 11.89 408 K3V WASP-11b/HAT-P-10b 0.460 1.045 3.7224690 0.0439 0 88.5 2008 [15]
GSC 03561-02092 Cygnus 19h 50m 50s +48° 04′ 51″ 9.59 123.5 K4 HAT-P-11b 0.081 0.422 4.8878162 0.053 0.198 88.5 2009 [16]
HAT-P-12 Canes Venatici 13h 57m 34s +43° 29′ 37″ 12.84 465 K4 HAT-P-12b 0.211 0.959 3.2130598 0.0384 0 89.0 2009 [17]
GSC 3416-00543 Ursa Major 08h 39m 31s +47° 21′ 07″ 10.429 698 G4 HAT-P-13b 0.851 1.28 2.9162595 0.0426 0.021 83.4 2009 [4]
GSC 3416-00543 Ursa Major 08h 39m 31s +47° 21′ 07″ 10.429 698 G4 HAT-P-13c >15.2 428.5 1.186 0.691 2009 [4]
GSC 3086-00152 Hercules 17h 20m 28s +38° 14′ 32″ 9.98 670 F HAT-P-14b 1.386 1.468 4.6267669 0.0606 0.107 83.5 2010 [18]
GSC 2883-01687 Perseus 04h 25m 33.65s +39° 20′ 44.2″ 12.16 190 G5 HAT-P-15b 1.946 1.072 10.863502 0.0964 0.19 89.1 2010 [19]
GSC 2792-01700 Andromeda 00h 38m 17.56s +42° 27′ 47.2″ 10.8 235 F8 HAT-P-16b 4.193 1.289 2.77596 0.0413 0.036 86.6 2010 [20]
HAT-P-17 Cygnus 21h 38m 09s +30° 29′ 19″ 10.54 293.5 K HAT-P-17b 0.53 1.01 10.338523 0.0882 0.346 89.2 2010 [21]
HAT-P-17 Cygnus 21h 38m 09s +30° 29′ 19″ 10.54 293.5 K HAT-P-17c 1.4 1797 2.75 0.1 2010 [21]
HAT-P-18 Hercules 17h 05m 24s +33° 00′ 45″ 12.76 541 K HAT-P-18b 0.197 0.995 5.508023 0.0559 0.084 88.8 2010 [22]
HAT-P-19 Andromeda 00h 38m 04s +34° 42′ 42″ 12.9 701 K HAT-P-19b 0.292 1.132 4.008778 0.0466 0.067 88.2 2010 [22]
HAT-P-20 Gemini 07h 27m 40s +24° 20′ 11″ 11.34 228 K7 HAT-P-20b 7.246 0.867 2.875317 0.0361 0.015 86.8 2010 [23]
HAT-P-21 Ursa Major 11h 25m 06s +41° 01′ 41″ 11.46 228 G3 HAT-P-21b 4.063 1.024 4.124461 0.0494 0.228 87.2 2010 [23]
HAT-P-22 Ursa Major 10h 22m 44s +50° 07′ 42″ 9.73 267 G5 HAT-P-22b 2.147 1.08 3.21222 0.0414 0.016 86.9 2010 [23]
HAT-P-23 Delphinus 20h 24m 30s +16° 45′ 44″ 11.94 1282 G5 HAT-P-23b 2.09 1.368 1.212884 0.0232 0.106 85.1 2010 [23]
HAT-P-24 Gemini 07h 15m 18s +14° 15′ 44″ 11.818 998 F8 HAT-P-24b 0.681 1.243 3.3552464 0.0465 0.067 88.6 2010 [24]
HAT-P-25 Aries 03h 13m 45s +25° 11′ 51″ 13.19 969 G5 HAT-P-25b 0.567 1.19 3.652836 0.0466 0.032 87.6 2010 [25]
HAT-P-26 Virgo 14h 12m 37.55s +04° 03′ 36.13″ 11.74 437 K1 HAT-P-26b 0.059 0.565 4.234516 0.0479 0.124 88.6 2010 [26]
WASP-40/HAT-P-27 Virgo 14h 51m 04s +05° 56′ 50″ 12.21 665 G8 WASP-40b/HAT-P-27b 0.66 1.038 3.039586 0.0403 0.078 84.7 2011 [27]
HAT-P-28 Andromeda 00h 52m 00s +34° 43′ 42″ 13.03 1288 G3 HAT-P-28b 0.626 1.212 3.257215 0.0434 0.051 88 2011 [28]
HAT-P-29 Perseus 02h 12m 31s +51° 46′ 44″ 11.9 1050 F8 HAT-P-29b 0.778 1.107 5.72318 0.0667 0.095 87.1 2011 [28]
WASP-51/HAT-P-30 Draco 08h 15m 48s +05° 50′ 12″ 10.42 629 F WASP-51b/HAT-P-30b 0.711 1.34 2.810595 0.0419 0.035 83.6 2011 [29]
HAT-P-31 Cancer 08h 06m 09s +26° 25′ 36″ 11.66 1155 HAT-P-31b 2.171 1.07 5.005425 0.055 0.245 87.1 2011 [30]
HAT-P-32 Andromeda 02h 01m 10s +46° 41′ 16″ 11.29 1044 F/G HAT-P-32b 0.941 2.037 2.150009 0.0344 0.163 88.7 2011 [31]
HAT-P-33 Gemini 07h 32m 44s +33° 50′ 06″ 11.89 1367 F HAT-P-33b 0.763 1.827 3.474474 0.0503 0.148 86.7 2011 [31]
HAT-P-34 Sagitta 20h 12m 47s +18° 06′ 18″ 10.16 838 F8 HAT-P-34b 3.328 1.107 5.452654 0.0677 0.441 87.1 2012 [32]
HAT-P-35 Hydra 08h 13m 00s +04° 47′ 13″ 12.46 1745 F or G HAT-P-35b 1.054 1.332 3.646706 0.0498 0.025 87.3 2012 [32]
HAT-P-36 Canes Venatici 12h 33m 03s +44° 54′ 55″ 12.26 1034 F or G HAT-P-36b 1.832 1.264 1.327347 0.0238 0.063 86 2012 [32]
HAT-P-37 Draco 18h 57m 11 s +51° 16′ 09″ 13.23 1341 F or G HAT-P-37b 1.169 1.178 2.797436 0.0379 0.058 86.9 2012 [32]
HAT-P-38 Triangulum 02h 21m 32s +32° 14′ 47″ 12.56 2094 G HAT-P-38b 0.267 0.825 4.640382 0.0523 0.067 88.3 2012 [33]
HAT-P-39 Gemini 07h 35m 02.0s +17° 49′ 48″ 11.42 812 F HAT-P-39b 0.599 1.571 3.54387 0.0509 - 87 2012 [34]
HAT-P-40 Lacerta 22h 22m 03.0s +45° 27′ 27″ 11.7 1634 F HAT-P-40b 0.615 1.73 4.45724 0.0608 - 88.3 2012 [34]
HAT-P-41 Aquila 19h 49m 17.0s +04° 40′ 21″ 11.09 1014 F HAT-P-41b 0.812 1.529 2.69405 0.0424 - 87.9 2012 [34]
HAT-P-42 Hydra 09h 01m 23.0s +06° 05′ 50″ 12.17 1458 F or G HAT-P-42b 0.975 1.277 4.64188 0.0575 - 85.9 2012 [35]
HAT-P-43 Cancer 08h 35m 42.0s +10° 12′ 24″ 13.36 1771 F or G HAT-P-43b 0.66 1.283 3.33269 0.0443 - 88.7 2012 [35]
HAT-P-44 Cassiopeia 00h 56m 50.3s +47° 00′ 52″ 13.21 1220 HAT-P-44b 0.392 1.28 4.30122 0.0507 0.072 89 2013 [36]
HAT-P-44 Cassiopeia 00h 56m 50.3s +47° 00′ 52″ 13.21 1220 HAT-P-44c 1.6 - 219.9 0.699 - - 2013 [36]
HAT-P-45 Cetus 00h 33m 09.9s −03° 22′ 51″ 12.79 995 HAT-P-45b 0.892 1.426 3.12899 0.0452 0.049 87.8 2013 [36]
HAT-P-46 Cetus 00h 32m 07.1s −02° 58′ 15″ 11.94 965 HAT-P-46b 0.493 1.284 4.46313 0.0577 0.123 85.5 2013 [36]
HAT-P-46 Cetus 00h 32m 07.1s −02° 58′ 15″ 11.94 965 HAT-P-46c 2 - 77.7 0.387 - - 2013 [36]
HAT-P-49 Vulpecula 20h 21m 45.928s +26° 4133.653′ 10.3 1050 F HAT-P-49b 1.73 1.41 2.6915 0.0438 0 86.2 2014 [37]
HAT-P-50 Canis Minor 07h 52m 15.20s 12° 08′ 21.9″ 11.762 1,620 HAT-P-50b 1.350 1.288 3.1220109 0.04530 <0.115 83.65 2015 [38]
HAT-P-51 Pisces 01h 24m 15.66s 32° 48′ 38.8″ 13.440 1,500 HAT-P-51b 0.309 1.293 4.2180278 0.05069 <0.123 88.48 2015 [38]
HAT-P-52 Aries 02h 50m 53.20s 29° 01′ 20.6″ 14.068 1,260 HAT-P-52b 0.818 1.009 2.7535953 0.03694 <0.047 87.02 2015 [38]
HAT-P-53 Andromeda 01h 27m 29.05s 38° 58′ 05.3″ 13.73 2,350 HAT-P-53b 1.484 1.318 1.9616241 0.03159 <0.134 86.2 2015 [38]
HAT-P-54 Gemini 06h 39m 35.53s 25° 28′ 57.1″ 13.505 443 Late K HAT-P-54b 0.760 0.944 3.7998 0.04117 - 87.04 2015 [39]
HAT-P-55 Hercules 17h 37m 05.52s 25° 43′ 52.2″ 13.207 1,600 G2 HAT-P-55b 0.582 1.182 3.5852467 0.04604 <0.139 87.70 2015 [40]
HAT-P-56 Gemini 06h 43m 23.52s 27° 15′ 8.2″ 10.908 1,013 F HAT-P-56b 2.18 1.466 2.7908327 0.04230 <0.246 82.13 2015 [41]
HAT-P-57 Ophiuchus 18h 18m 58.32s 10° 35′ 50.3″ 10.465 990 A8 HAT-P-57b <1.85 1.413 2.4652950 0.0406 - 88.26 2015 [42]
HAT-P-65 Equuleus 21h 03m 37.44s 11° 59′ 21.9″ 13.145 2,740 G2 HAT-P-65b 0.527 1.89 2.6054552 0.03951 <0.304 84.2 2016 [43]
HAT-P-66 Ursa Major 10h 02m 17.52s 53° 57′ 3.1″ 12.993 3,020 G0 HAT-P-66b 0.783 1.59 2.9720860 0.04363 <0.090 86.2 2016 [43]
HAT-P-67 Hercules 17h 06m 26.5611s 44° 46′ 37.072″ 10.069 1,000 F HAT-P-67b 0.34 2.085 4.81010 0.06505 0 88.8 2017 [44]

South

Star Constellation Right
ascension 		Declination App.
mag. 		Distance (ly) Spectral
type 		Planet Mass
(MJ) 		Radius
(RJ) 		Orbital
period
(d) 		Semimajor
axis
(AU) 		Orbital
eccentricity 		Inclination
(°) 		Disc.
year 		Ref
HATS-1 Crater 11h 32m 06.08s −23° 21′ 170″ 12.5 988.253824 G HATS-1b 1.855 1.302 3.446459 0.0444 0.120 85.6 2012 [45]
HATS-2 Crater 11h 46m 57.38s −22° 33′ 46.8″ 13.562 1174.16296 K HATS-2b 1.345 1.168 1.354133 0.0230 0 87.2 2013 [46]
HATS-3 Capricornus 20h 49m 49.79s −24° 25′ 43.7″ 11.44 1477.48839 F HATS-3b 1.071 1.381 3.547850 0.0485 0 86.20 2013 [47]
HATS-4 Canis Major 06h 16m 26.90s −22° 32′ 48.8″ 13.46 1369.85679 G HATS-4b 1.323 1.020 2.516729 0.0362 0.013 88.5 2014 [48]
HATS-5 Eridanus 04h 28m 53.49s −21° 28′ 54.9″ 12.6 838.221891 F8 HATS-5b 0.237 0.912 4.763387 0.0542 <0.019 89.3 2014 [49]
HATS-6 Lepus 05h 52m 35.23s −19° 01′ 54.0″ 15.2 484.016065 M1V HATS-6b 0.319 0.998 3.3252725 0.03623 0 88.21 2014 [50]
HATS-7 Virgo 13h 55m 25.68s −21° 12′ 27.7″ 13.340 838.221891 K2 HATS-7b 0.120 0.563 3.1853150 0.04012 <0.170 87.92 2015 [51]
HATS-8 Sagittarius 19h 39m 46.02s −25° 44′ 53.9″ 14.03 2703.83637 G HATS-8b 0.138 0.873 3.583893 0.04667 <0.376 87.8 2015 [52]
HATS-9 Sagittarius 19h 23m 14.42s −20° 09′ 58.7″ 13.3 2028.69267 G HATS-9b 0.816 1.1724 1.9153 0.03048 <0.129 86.5 2015 [53]
HATS-10 Sagittarius 19h 37m 13.64s −22° 12′ 16.1″ 13.1 1617.73563 G HATS-10b 0.526 0.9690 3.3128460 0.04491 <0.501 87.79 2015 [53]
HATS-11 Sagittarius 19h 17m 36.18s −22° 23′ 23.7″ 14.018 2954.97678 G0 HATS-11b 0.83 1.487 3.6191634 0.04614 <0.340 88.31 2016 [54]
HATS-12 Sagittarius 19h 16m 48.57s −19° 21′ 21.3″ 12.756 3199.59407 F HATS-12b 2.39 1.384 3.142833 0.04795 <0.085 82.27 2016 [54]
HATS-13 Capricornus 21h 07m 50.75s −26° 05′ 48.0″ 13.887 1552.50436 HATS-13b 0.543 1.212 3.0440499 0.04057 <0.181 88.55 2015 [55]
HATS-14 Capricornus 20h 52m 51.71s −25° 41′ 14.4″ 13.79 1673.18222 HATS-14b 1.071 1.039 2.7667641 0.03815 <0.142 88.83 2015 [55]
HATS-15 Capricornus 20h 44m 22.20s −19° 26′ 15.0″ 14.774 2247.21744 G9V HATS-15b 2.17 1.105 1.74748753 0.02712 <0.126 87.13 2016 [56]
HATS-16 Sculptor 23h 54m 14.09s −30° 00′ 46.8″ 13.834 2247.21744 G3V HATS-16b 3.27 1.30 2.686502 0.03744 <0 83.53 2016 [56]
HATS-17 Centaurus 12h 48m 45.55s −47° 36′ 49.3″ 12.39 1105.67012 G HATS-17b 1.338 0.777 16.254611 0.1308 <0.070 89.08 2016 [57]
HATS-18 Hydra 11h 35m 49.92s −29° 09′ 21.6″ 14.067 2103.70864 G HATS-18b 1.980 1.337 0.83784340 0.01761 <0.166 85.5 2016 [58]
HATS-19 09h 49m 38.0s −33° 13′ 07″ 13.0 2544.01975 G0 HATS-19b 0.427 1.66 4.56967 0.0589 0.3 86.6 2016
HATS-20 13h 12m 32.0s −45° 35′ 26″ 13.77 1480.74995 G9V HATS-20b 0.273 0.776 3.7993 0.04619 <0.50 87.16 2016
HATS-21 18h 40m 44.0s −58° 27′ 33″ 12.2 932.80724 G4V HATS-21b 0.332 1.123 3.5544 0.04676 0 85.04 2016
HATS-22 11h 36m 02.33s −29° 32′ 35.9″ 13.455 678.079109 HATS-22b 0.9530 2.74 4.7228124 0.05025 0.0790 87.96 2017
HATS-23 HATS-23b 2017
HATS-24 HATS-24b 2016
HATS-25 HATS-25b 2016
HATS-26 HATS-26b 2016
HATS-27 HATS-27b 2016
HATS-28 HATS-28b 2016
HATS-29 HATS-29b 2016
HATS-30 HATS-30b 2016
HATS-31 HATS-31b 2016
HATS-32 HATS-32b 2016
HATS-33 HATS-33b 2016
HATS-34 HATS-34b 2016
HATS-35 HATS-35b 2016
HATS-36 HATS-36b 2017
HATS-37 HATS-37b
HATS-38 HATS-38b
HATS-39 HATS-39b 2018
HATS-40 HATS-40b 2018
HATS-41 HATS-41b 2018
HATS-42 HATS-42b 2018
HATS-43 HATS-43b 2017
HATS-44 HATS-44b 2017
HATS-45 HATS-45b 2017
HATS-46 HATS-46b 2017
HATS-50 HATS-50b 2017
HATS-51 HATS-51b 2017
HATS-52 HATS-52b 2017
HATS-53 HATS-53b 2017


See also

A subset of HATNet light curves are available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive.

Other extrasolar planet search projects

Extrasolar planet searching spacecraft

References

  1. ^ a b c Bakos, G. Á.; et al. (2002). "System Description and First Light Curves of the Hungarian Automated Telescope, an Autonomous Observatory for Variability Search". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 114 (799): 974–987. arXiv:astro-ph/0206001. Bibcode:2002PASP..114..974B. doi:10.1086/342382.
  2. ^ G. Bakos; Kovács; Stanek; Sasselov; Domsa; et al. (March 2004). "Wide-field millimagnitude photometry with the HAT: a tool for extrasolar planet detection". He Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 116 (817): 266–277. arXiv:astro-ph/0401219. Bibcode:2004PASP..116..266B. doi:10.1086/382735. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author2= (help); Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Hartman, J.D.; Bakos, G.; Stanek, K. Z.; Noyes, R. W. (October 2004). "HATNET Variability Survey in the High Stellar Density "Kepler Field" with Millimagnitude Image Subtraction Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 128 (4): 1761–1783. arXiv:astro-ph/0405597. Bibcode:2004AJ....128.1761H. doi:10.1086/423920. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b c Bakos, G. Á.; et al. (2009). "HAT-P-13b,c: A Transiting Hot Jupiter with a Massive Outer Companion on an Eccentric Orbit". The Astrophysical Journal. 707 (1): 446–456. arXiv:0907.3525. Bibcode:2009ApJ...707..446B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/446.
  5. ^ Bakos, G. Á.; et al. (2007). "HAT-P-1b: A Large-Radius, Low-Density Exoplanet Transiting One Member of a Stellar Binary". The Astrophysical Journal. 656 (1): 552–559. arXiv:astro-ph/0609369. Bibcode:2007ApJ...656..552B. doi:10.1086/509874.
  6. ^ Johnson, John Asher; et al. (2008). "Measurement of the Spin-Orbit Angle of Exoplanet HAT-P-1b". The Astrophysical Journal. 686 (1): 649–657. arXiv:0806.1734. Bibcode:2008ApJ...686..649J. doi:10.1086/591078.
  7. ^ Bakos, G. Á.; et al. (2007). "HD 147506b: A Supermassive Planet in an Eccentric Orbit Transiting a Bright Star". The Astrophysical Journal. 670 (1): 826–832. arXiv:0705.0126. Bibcode:2007ApJ...670..826B. doi:10.1086/521866.
  8. ^ Torres, G.; et al. (2007). "HAT-P-3b: A Heavy-Element-rich Planet Transiting a K Dwarf Star". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 666 (2): L121 – L124. arXiv:0707.4268. Bibcode:2007ApJ...666L.121T. doi:10.1086/521792.
  9. ^ Kovács, G.; et al. (2007). "HAT-P-4b: A Metal-rich Low-Density Transiting Hot Jupiter". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 670 (1): L41 – L44. arXiv:0710.0602. Bibcode:2007ApJ...670L..41K. doi:10.1086/524058.
  10. ^ Bakos, G. Á.; et al. (2007). "HAT-P-5b: A Jupiter-like Hot Jupiter Transiting a Bright Star". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 671 (2): L173 – L176. arXiv:0710.1841. Bibcode:2007ApJ...671L.173B. doi:10.1086/525022.
  11. ^ Noyes, R. W.; et al. (2008). "HAT-P-6b: A Hot Jupiter Transiting a Bright F Star". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 673 (1): L79 – L82. arXiv:0710.2894. Bibcode:2008ApJ...673L..79N. doi:10.1086/527358.
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