Rectangular polyconic projection

The rectangular polyconic projection is a map projection developed in the mid 1800s and used in large scale British military mapping of the period. It belongs to the polyconic projection class, which consists of map projections whose parallels are non-concentric circular arcs except for the equator, which is straight. Sometimes the rectangular polyconic is called the War Office projection due to its development and use by the British War Office. It is not used much these days, with practically all military grid systems having moved onto conformal projection systems, typically modeled on the transverse Mercator projection.

Description

The rectangular polyconic has one specifiable latitude (along with the latitude of opposite sign) along which scale is correct. The scale is also true on the central meridian of the projection. Meridians are spaced such that they meet the parallels at right angles in equatorial aspect; this trait accounts for the name rectangular.

The projection is defined by:

${\begin{aligned}x&=\cot \varphi \sin E\\y&=\varphi -\varphi _{0}+\left(1-\cos E\right)\cot \varphi \\E&=2\arctan \left(A\sin \varphi \right)\\A&=\tan \left[{\frac {1}{2}}\left(\lambda -\lambda _{0}\right)\sin \varphi _{1}\right]\csc \varphi _{1}\end{aligned}}$

where:

• λ is the longitude of the point to be projected;
• φ is the latitude of the point to be projected;
• λ₀ is the longitude of the central meridian,
• φ₀ is the latitude chosen to be the origin along λ₀;
• φ₁ is the latitude whose parallel is chosen to have correct scale.

To avoid division by zero, the formulas above are extended so that if φ = 0 then x = λ − λ₀ and y = −φ₀.

See also

• List of map projections

External links

• Mapthematics page describing the rectangular polyconic projection.