Azendohsauridae

Azendohsauridae; Temporal range: 245-216 MA PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Archosauromorpha
Clade:	†Allokotosauria
Family:	†Azendohsauridae; Sengupta et al., 2017
Type species
	† Azendohsaurus laaroussi; Dutuit, 1972
Genera
	†Arctosaurus?; †Azendohsaurus; †Pamelaria?; †Shringasaurus;

Azendohsauridae was a family of Allokotosaurian Archosauromorphs which lived around 245-216 million years ago. As of 2017^[update] three genera are recognized as having belonged to the family: Azendohsaurus, Pamelaria and Shringasaurus^[1]^[2]. According to studies of Arctosaurus material from Cameron Island in Canada,^[3] the latter may also have been an Azendohsaurid because of the similarities with Azendohsaurus as their vertebrae whose posterior centrodiapophyseal ridge is articulated by Dorsiflexion of the damaged region of the diapophysis and extends almost to the posterior end along the ventrolateral surface of the centrum. It overhangs a deep groove in the lateral surface of the centrum. There is a subfamily Azendohsaurinae formed by Azendohsaurus and Shringasaurus.

Distribution

Azendohsaurids lived in India, Madagascar, Antarctica, South Africa, Canada and Morocco.

Description

Azendohsauridae was a family of massive herbivorous Allokotosaurians with long necks and small heads. Their size ranged from a little less than 1,5 m to more than 4 m in length and an average weight of 40 to 200 kg depending on the species.

References

^ Nesbitt, S.J.; Flynn, J.J.; Pritchard, A.C.; Parrish, M.J.; Ranivoharimanana, L.; Wyss, A.R. (2015). "Postcranial osteology of Azendohsaurus madagaskarensis (?Middle to Upper Triassic, Isalo Group, Madagascar) and its systematic position among stem archosaur reptiles". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (398): 1–126. doi:10.5531/sd.sp.15. ISSN 0003-0090.
^ Sengupta, Saradee; Ezcurra, Martín D.; Bandyopadhyay, Saswati (21 August 2017). "A new horned and long-necked herbivorous stem-archosaur from the Middle Triassic of India". Scientific Reports. 7 (1). doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08658-8.
^ Sues, Hans-Dieter (February 2017). "Arctosaurus osborni, a Late Triassic archosauromorph reptile from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1139/cjes-2016-0159.

[nesbitt2015-1] Nesbitt, S.J.; Flynn, J.J.; Pritchard, A.C.; Parrish, M.J.; Ranivoharimanana, L.; Wyss, A.R. (2015). "Postcranial osteology of Azendohsaurus madagaskarensis (?Middle to Upper Triassic, Isalo Group, Madagascar) and its systematic position among stem archosaur reptiles". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History (398): 1–126. doi:10.5531/sd.sp.15. ISSN 0003-0090.

[2] Sengupta, Saradee; Ezcurra, Martín D.; Bandyopadhyay, Saswati (21 August 2017). "A new horned and long-necked herbivorous stem-archosaur from the Middle Triassic of India". Scientific Reports. 7 (1). doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08658-8.

[Sues17-3] Sues, Hans-Dieter (February 2017). "Arctosaurus osborni, a Late Triassic archosauromorph reptile from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1139/cjes-2016-0159.

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