Ryukyu dog
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| Ryukyu Inu | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Other names | Ryukyu Dog, Ryukyu Ken, Okinawa dog. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Origin | Okinawa, Japan. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Breed status | Not recognized as a breed by any major kennel club. | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Dog (domestic dog) | |||||||||||||||||||
The Ryukyu Inu (琉球犬) is a medium-sized breed of dog that originates from Okinawa, Japan. It is an Okinawan Natural Monument and is Okinawa's only pedigree dog breed. It is a rare dog and is slowly declining in Numbers. There are as few as 400 Ryukyu Inu as of 2015.[1] Unlike dog such as the Kai Ken, the Ryukyu is not protected by the Nihon Ken Hozonkai.
Description
Appearance
The Ryukyu Ken is a medium-sized Japanese dog breed. They are very similar to Kai Ken in appearance but are genetically not similar and are closer related to the Hokkaido (dog).
Breed Standard
The Ryukyu Ken isn't recognised by any kennel club currently despite this however they are a separate breed and as such have their own breed standard.
Temperament Neither fearful nor aggressive, Intelligent, Alert, and Quiet.
Head and Skull Broad head, the muzzle is straight and drawn somewhat longer, nose colour should always be black with exception to Red which is always brown.
Eyes Clear, dark brown, the corner of the eye isn't lifted. In Red (Golden Eye) the eye is Golden/yellow.
Ears Pricked ears in a Blunt Triangle shape, dogs with ears that are dropped are undesirable.
Mouth Scissor bite. Undershot, Overshot, or missing teeth are major faults.
Neck Moderately wide. Neither lean nor chunky.
Forequarters Forelegs straight.
Body Longer than high. The chest is well developed, wide and deep. Straight Back.
Hindlimbs Hindquarters straight and strong. Dewclaws at the back preferred.
Tail The tail should ideally be in the shape of a blade, however it can also be curled. Fault for a dropped tail.
Coat Short to Medium length allowed, long coat is a fault.
Colour There are 4 recognised colours for conformation, Black Brindle, Red Brindle, White Brindle, Red Masked and Red. The brindle pattern has to be beautiful and clear. A small amount of white is permitted, however an excessive amount of white is a fault.
Height Dogs: 46.3 - 49.6cm Bitches: 43.4 - 46.9cm
Colour and coat
The Ryukyu Ken comes in 9 colours. There are 5 Original colours and 4 newer recognised colours. The 5 original colours are
- Red Masked
- Red
- White Brindle
- Black Brindle
- Red Brindle.
The newer official colours are
- Black
- White
- Ivory
- Sesame
Ryukyu Ken are Short to Medium coated dogs, however like Akita Inu they do carry the long coat recessively.
Temperament
The Ryukyu Ken is described as a quiet dog that is capable of hunting in a group or on it's own. They are agile, brave and not sensitive. They are natural hunters and have high prey drive. Despite being a hunting dog, they are obedient, playful and good with children. They cannot be trusted around small animals, but are usually okay with cats if introduced to them early on. They can be escape artists and have amazing climbing abilities, especially those with working rear dewclaws who can climb vertical trees. They are very smart so require a lot of mental stimulation as well as physical stimulation. Despite being bred, raised and used as a hunting dog they are also good Watchdogs.
History
The Ryukyu Inu originated in Okinawa, Japan. Its history is not well documented and there is varying stories, the more interesting version of the History is that the Ryukyu Inu was thought to be extinct after World War II due to Food Shortages. In the early 1980s however a small pack was found to be thriving in the northern Rainforests of the Yonbaru region of Okinawa. The pack was caught and scientists tested them to see if they were a distinct breed and the test came back that they were, hence the Ryukyu Breed was born and in the 1990s the Ryukyu Inu Preservation Society was founded.[2]
It is believed that the years of living in the rainforest is why the Ryukyu Inu has a Dewclaw on the back of the foot, because of the back dewclaw they can climb trees, which would have been evolutionarily favourable to them because of the high incidences of Tsunami in Japan they could climb trees quickly to evade the floods.
Lines
There are two distinct lines of Ryukyu Inu, the Yanbaru and the Yaeyama. Whilst they are the same dog, some subtle differences are there. Ryukyu from the Yaeyama lines are often a lot bigger, for example, males from Yaeyama lines are often on average 49.6 cm at the withers, whereas males from Yanbaru lines are on average 46.3 cm. The Yaeyama line dogs also tend to have longer bodies than Yanbaru and also deeper chests.
Ryukyu Inu Preservation Society
The Ryukyu Inu Preservation Society is a breed club for the Ryukyu Inu, it was founded in the 1990s and is the only Ryukyu Inu breed club and the only establishment that recognises the Ryukyu Inu thus far. The Ryukyu Inu Preservation Society has become inactive in recent years due to difficulties in breeding Ryukyu Inu, it is not certain whether this is due to infertility issues because of high inbreeding and small population or whether it is because of the decline in breeders or reluctance to stud the breedable dogs out.[3]
Health
The health of the Ryukyu Inu isn't well documented. Unlike in western countries, Japanese breeders don't tend to test for things such as Hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia, Glaucoma, etc. However, because of the high level of inbreeding and what common issues the sibling breeds have it is likely they suffer from allergies, Collie Eye Anomaly, Hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia and Hypothyroidism.