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Template:Geobox The William J. Fischer Housing Development, better known as the Fischer Projects, was a violent housing project in Algiers, New Orleans, Louisiana,. It was known notoriously for a series of high-profile murders in the 1970s and 1980s.[1] It was also the last conventional public housing development constructed in New Orleans and originally consisted of a 13-floor high-rise and fourteen 3-floor units.[2] The area has been undergoing redevelopment since about 2004 and currently none of the original low-rise buildings remain.[3] The development is located along Whitney Avenue in the Algiers area of the city's west bank, which is part of the 15th Ward and is named for William J. Fischer who served as chairman of HANO in the 1950s. The property is now converted to a small low-income housing development.

History

The Fischer Housing Projects was poorly constructed in January 1964 and opened in 1965 on 48 acres (190,000 m2) of land adjacent to the Mississippi River Bridge and its approach roads. The development was isolated from other West Bank communities by the bridge, the Donner Canal and a Southern Pacific Railroad line. The 14 low-rise buildings were built in long parallel lines and positioned using the scattered site method resulting in large park areas covering approximately 60% of the 48-acre (190,000 m2) site.[4] A 13-story high-rise building was constructed in 1966 and served as housing for the elderly.[5] Upon completion of the high-rise, the development had a total of 1002 units. The development also included Murray Henderson Elementary School, constructed in 1965 and William J. Fischer Elementary School which opened in 1967. Over the years, the development became rundown and saw a rise in violent crime similar to other public housing developments in New Orleans and around the country.The Fischer Projects made national headlines in the news in 1980 when a police officer was murdered. In retaliation of the murdered NOPD officer, four black men where killed in a raid by White officers.[6] [7]

File:Fischer Projects 1965.jpg

Crime Problems

The Fischer Housing Projects has been notorious for violence since the 1970s. The corner of Semmes Street and Leboeuf Ct, was known to be the "Center of Violence," with rapes and robberies occurring frequently during the night time. By the 1980’s crime and drugs had ravished the Fisher Projects leading to popularized murders and waves of crime. There was plenty of murders and robberies that took place in the forgotten wasteland and innocent people lost their lives to gangsters and drug dealers. The residents living in Fischer Project would often keep silent about crimes, distrusting NOPD, and fearing retribution from crime leaders. Eventually, the Fischer Projects became an uninhabitable place for people to live in. In the High Rise building a sniper prevented the police and other from entering. officer often rarely entered the project after the murder of fellow officers.[8]The most famous murders of the Fischer Projects were the murders of nursing student Jo Ellen Smith, Claudette McGowan and her eight year old child, and the murder of Officer Gregory. [9] [10]

Jo Ellen Smith Murder

On Wednesday April 10, 1973 the body of twenty-two year old nursing student,Jo Ellen Smith, was found near the Fischer Projects, between Atlantic and Socrates Street. She had been missing since Sunday April 8, 1973. When police found her she was barely clad, and had suffered from four gun shot wounds to the head, it also appeared that she had been sexually assaulted. She had entered the community because she had been instructed to aid an elderly patient living within the Fischer Homes. Two men where charged with the murder of Jo Ellen, Steven Berry and Timothy Rudolph, both who had violent arrest records prior to this particular case. The community of New Orleans was outraged and demanded changes to the policies within the Louisiana State University School of Nursing, that not only urged, but recommended that nurses enter the dangerous Fischer Projects without a police escort or a fellow nursing student as a partner, leaving them defenseless in a violent community, that even police officers did not go into without a partner. Jo Ellen Smith’s murder, tragic as it is, helped change policies for nurses that would have been dangerous for them otherwise. In lieu of her murder, her father set up a foundation called the Jo Ellen Smith Foundation that aided the community, and a hospital was constructed and built in remembrance of her life, it is called the Jo Ellen Smith Memorial Hospital.[11] [12] [13]

Murder of Officer Gregory Neupert

On November 9, 1980 Gregory Neupert, a white police officer, was making his rounds, when he was shot in the neck. He was found the next day near the Fischer Projects, in a ditch. The death of this police officer sparked a huge controversy and lead to the raid of the Fischer projects by the New Orleans Police Department. Four people were killed due to the raid, and the black community members became enraged, claiming that the NOPD was out of control, and their raids had become brutal. Later these officers would be remembered as the Algiers 7. The police officers in the Algiers community were enraged, some where in search for the redemption of Officer Neupert, other for redemption of the slain people caught in the cross fires laced in anger, in the raid. The murder of Officer Gregory Neupert and the four people murdered by the NOPD would cause a outright civil rights protest against the New Orleans Police Department, siting racism and police brutality.[14] [15] [16]

Claudia McGown & Leslie McGown Murder

on the night of August 25, 1987 three children where hurled out of a window from a third story apartment building in the Fischer Projects, resulting in the death of an eight year old girl. Cladudia McGown, the mother of the three children had been stabbed to death right before her three children where thrown from the window. The man accused and convicted of the crime was William J. Brown, the boyfriend of of McGown, who had been intoxicated by a drug called “clickum Juice” a drug known as PCP. According to the papers the use of “clickum Juice” and heroin where widespread in the Fischer community and the innocent people living within this community were outraged. One of the community members that witnessed the children being thrown from the window saved the falling children by breaking their fall. Enraged, the community members retaliated by brutally beating him. He was arrested shortly after and charged with 2 counts of murder and two counts of attempted murder.[17] [18] [19]

Redeveloped into low-income housing

Starting in the early 2000s, HANO began planning a redevelopment of the complex. These plans included expanding the site to 73 acres (300,000 m2) by acquiring adjacent properties, phased demolition of the high-rise and low-rise housing units, and construction of at least 640 new housing units. Additionally, the plans included a new community for elderly residents, a community center and playgrounds.[20]

The Fischer high-rise was imploded on January 25, 2004, drawing large crowds as New Orleans' first demolition by implosion.[21] Replacing the highrise were numerous low-income houses.

Demolition of the last three low-rise buildings began in January 2008 as part of a $1.2 million project to remove the vacant buildings and construct the infrastructure necessary for redeveloping the area. Plans for this stage of redevelopment call for construction of approximately 70 homes and 26 rental units, most of which are intended for public housing and Section 8 residents.[3]

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,034 people, 506 households, and 425 families residing in the neighborhood.[22]

As of the census of 2010, there were 849 people, 269 households, and 171 families residing in the neighborhood.[22]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://azdailysun.com/housing-project-razed-after-decades-of-unrealized-dreams/article_670c9368-8041-5c7c-a65b-00bee0a1cf2d.html
  2. ^ "Community Improvements Planning Areas, District 12: Algiers". New Orleans Redevelopment Authority. Archived from the original on January 24, 2008. Retrieved January 9, 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ a b Allen Powell II (January 9, 2008). "Last Fischer buildings fall". New Orleans Times-Picayune. Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  4. ^ "Fischer Development Neighborhood Snapshot". Greater New Orleans Community Data Center. October 10, 2002. Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  5. ^ "Fischer Highrise". Emporis. Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  6. ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1981/06/11/in-carefree-mardi-gras-city-many-blacks-are-testisfied-of-police/b68e4f4d-b094-4e5f-9963-5eef87703044/?utm_term=.c26082228690
  7. ^ http://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/11/13/Police-Thursday-shot-and-killed-three-blacks-two-of/8626342939600/
  8. ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1981/06/11/in-carefree-mardi-gras-city-many-blacks-are-testisfied-of-police/b68e4f4d-b094-4e5f-9963-5eef87703044/?utm_term=.31b9291121f3
  9. ^ Neupert.https://fischerprojects.wordpress.com/crime-and-poverty/
  10. ^ http://nolaanarcha.blogspot.com/2011/07/local-history-algiers-fischer-projects.html
  11. ^ http://www.leagle.com/decision/19751146324So2d822_21053/STATE%20v.%20BERRY
  12. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/19816987/
  13. ^ http://blog.nola.com/westbank/2011/08/mother_of_joellen_smith_is_rem.html
  14. ^ http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2010/11/algiers_7_police_brutality_cas.html
  15. ^ http://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/11/25/Police-chief-resigns-under-fire/6699343976400/
  16. ^ http://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/11/13/Police-Thursday-shot-and-killed-three-blacks-two-of/8626342939600/
  17. ^ http://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/08/26/Mother-daughter-killed-children-hurled-from-balcony/2165556948800/
  18. ^ http://www.upi.com/Archives/1987/08/28/Neighbors-say-drugs-caused-bizarre-outburst/3079557121600/
  19. ^ http://www.apnewsarchive.com/1987/Witnesses-Capture-Man-After-Woman-Killed-Children-Thrown-Off-Balcony/id-0f697ff5f27f139da3e96f915c8874ce
  20. ^ "SRF Group Portfolio". SRF Group Consulting. Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  21. ^ "Dykon Implodes New Orleans' High-Rise For D.H. Griffin Of Texas". Implosionworld.com. Retrieved January 9, 2008.
  22. ^ a b "Fischer Development Neighborhood". Greater New Orleans Community Data Center. Retrieved January 5, 2012.

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