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Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph

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GHRS being removed during Servicing Mission 2.

The Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS or HRS) was a spectrograph installed on the Hubble Space Telescope. The instrument is named after 20th century rocket pioneer Robert H. Goddard.[1]

One of the results was the discovery of tenuous atmosphere for Jupiter's moon Europa in 1995.[2] The gas was determined to be mostly of molecular oxygen (O2).[2][3] The surface pressure of Europa's atmosphere is 0.1 μPa, or 10−12 times that of the Earth.[4]

GHRS was removed during February 1997 during STS-82, and its position in HST was used by new instrument.[5] That mission was also called SM-2 for Servicing Mission 2 (for the Hubble Space Telescope).[5] During SM2 (STS-82), two new instruments were installed, the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph.[6] [7] The Faint Object Spectrograph was the other original instrument that was replaced during that mission.[8]

GHRS facts

A technical description of the construction and operation of the GHRS can be found in NASA technical report CP-2244.[9]

References

  1. ^ "About the Telescope". Live from the Hubble Space Telescope. Passport to Knowledge. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
  2. ^ a b Hall, D. T.; Strobel, D. F.; Feldman, P. D.; McGrath, M. A.; Weaver, H. A. (1995). "Detection of an oxygen atmosphere on Jupiter's moon Europa". Nature. 373 (6516): 677–681. Bibcode:1995Natur.373..677H. doi:10.1038/373677a0. PMID 7854447.
  3. ^ Savage, Donald; Jones, Tammy; Villard, Ray (23 February 1995). "Hubble Finds Oxygen Atmosphere on Europa". Project Galileo. NASA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 17 August 2007.
  4. ^ McGrath (2009). "Atmosphere of Europa". In Pappalardo, Robert T.; McKinnon, William B.; Khurana, Krishan K. (eds.). Europa. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 0-8165-2844-6.
  5. ^ a b "STS-125: Eight hour EVA-4 works STIS repair – Atlantis' TPS overview | NASASpaceFlight.com". www.nasaspaceflight.com. Retrieved 2017-03-02.
  6. ^ SM3A
  7. ^ "Hubble instruments". sci.esa.int. Retrieved 2017-03-02.
  8. ^ "Hubble instruments". sci.esa.int. Retrieved 2017-03-02.
  9. ^ The Space Telescope Observatory (Technical report). NASA. 1982. CP-2244., page 76. A 40 MB PDF file.
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