Quadrangular castle

A quadrangular castle or courtyard castle is a type of castle characterised by ranges of buildings which are integral with the curtain walls, enclosing a central ward or quadrangle, and typically with angle towers. There is no keep and frequently no distinct gatehouse. The quadrangular form predominantly dates from the mid to late fourteenth century and signals the transition from defensively to domestically oriented great houses. The four walls are also known as ranges.

Quadrangular castles typically display a sophisticated and complex approach to the planning of internal social spaces.^[1]^[2] There are many quadrangular castles around Britain, for example: Bodiam Castle in East Sussex, and Bolton Castle.

The 27 quadrangular castles identified by John Rickard as being built in England consist roughly 10% of the castles built in the country between 1272 and 1422. No castles of this design were built in Wales.^[3]

One of the earliest quadrangular castles in Germany is Neuleiningen, of which substantial ruins remain.

List of quadrangular castles

There is no consensus to use Template:Wikidata list in articles.

County Durham

Article	Place	inception	coordinate location	image
Lumley Castle	County Durham	1389^[4]	54°51′17″N 1°33′11″W / 54.8547°N 1.55293°W / 54.8547; -1.55293
Raby Castle	County Durham	1378^[4]	54°35′27″N 1°48′07″W / 54.590833333333°N 1.8019444444444°W / 54.590833333333; -1.8019444444444

South Oxfordshire

Article	Place	inception	coordinate location	image
Greys Court	South Oxfordshire	1348^[4]	51°32′42″N 0°57′22″W / 51.545°N 0.956164°W / 51.545; -0.956164
Shirburn Castle	South Oxfordshire	1338^[4]	51°39′27″N 0°59′38″W / 51.6576°N 0.9938°W / 51.6576; -0.9938

West Dorset

Article	Place	inception	coordinate location	image
Chideock Castle	West Dorset	1375s^[4]	50°44′03″N 2°49′06″W / 50.7343°N 2.81825°W / 50.7343; -2.81825
Woodsford Castle	West Dorset	1336^[4]	50°42′45″N 2°20′38″W / 50.7126°N 2.34389°W / 50.7126; -2.34389

Misc

Article	Place	inception	coordinate location
Bodiam Castle	East Sussex	1385	51°00′08″N 0°32′37″E / 51.0023°N 0.54351944444444°E / 51.0023; 0.54351944444444
Bolton Castle	Richmondshire	1379^[4]	54°19′20″N 1°57′00″W / 54.3221°N 1.94991°W / 54.3221; -1.94991
Caverswall Castle	Staffordshire Moorlands	1275^[4]	52°58′57″N 2°04′29″W / 52.9826°N 2.0746°W / 52.9826; -2.0746
Cawood Castle	Selby	1378	53°49′53″N 1°07′40″W / 53.8313°N 1.1278°W / 53.8313; -1.1278
Chillingham Castle	Chillingham, Northumberland	1344^[4]	55°31′34″N 1°54′18″W / 55.526°N 1.905°W / 55.526; -1.905
Cooling Castle	Medway		51°27′19″N 0°31′23″E / 51.4554°N 0.523084°E / 51.4554; 0.523084
Danby Castle		1400^[4]	54°27′20″N 0°53′43″W / 54.4555°N 0.895197°W / 54.4555; -0.895197
Farleigh Hungerford Castle	Mendip	1383^[4]	51°19′03″N 2°17′13″W / 51.3174°N 2.2869°W / 51.3174; -2.2869
Ford Castle		1338^[4]	55°37′53″N 2°05′25″W / 55.6314°N 2.09025°W / 55.6314; -2.09025
Greystoke Castle	Eden	1353^[4]	54°40′12″N 2°52′39″W / 54.67°N 2.87757°W / 54.67; -2.87757
Hartley Castle		1353^[4]	54°28′09″N 2°20′12″W / 54.4691°N 2.33655°W / 54.4691; -2.33655
Hemyock Castle	Mid Devon	1380^[4]	50°54′45″N 3°13′54″W / 50.9125°N 3.23156°W / 50.9125; -3.23156
Hever Castle	Hever	1271^[4]	51°11′13″N 0°06′50″E / 51.186944°N 0.113889°E / 51.186944; 0.113889
Maxstoke Castle		1345^[4]	52°29′58″N 1°40′18″W / 52.4994°N 1.67167°W / 52.4994; -1.67167
Moor End Castle	Northamptonshire	1347^[4]	52°05′42″N 0°54′01″W / 52.0949°N 0.900155°W / 52.0949; -0.900155
Ravensworth Castle		1350s^[4]	54°55′34″N 1°38′18″W / 54.9262°N 1.6384°W / 54.9262; -1.6384
Sheriff Hutton Castle	North Yorkshire Ryedale	1382^[4]	54°05′17″N 1°00′19″W / 54.0881°N 1.00519°W / 54.0881; -1.00519 54°05′11″N 1°00′23″W / 54.0864°N 1.00643°W / 54.0864; -1.00643
Somerton Castle	North Kesteven	1281^[4]	53°07′03″N 0°34′34″W / 53.1174°N 0.57616°W / 53.1174; -0.57616 53°07′03″N 0°34′32″W / 53.1175°N 0.57558°W / 53.1175; -0.57558
Starborough Castle		1341^[4]	51°10′42″N 0°02′19″E / 51.1783°N 0.0386396°E / 51.1783; 0.0386396
Westenhanger Castle		1343^[4]	51°05′42″N 1°01′50″E / 51.0951°N 1.03053°E / 51.0951; 1.03053
Wingfield Castle	Mid Suffolk	1384^[4]	52°20′52″N 1°15′41″E / 52.3479°N 1.2614°E / 52.3479; 1.2614
Woodcroft Castle		1280^[4]	52°37′35″N 0°19′02″W / 52.6263°N 0.3172°W / 52.6263; -0.3172
Wressle Castle	East Riding of Yorkshire	1390s	53°46′33″N 0°55′44″W / 53.7757°N 0.928979°W / 53.7757; -0.928979 53°46′32″N 0°55′45″W / 53.7755°N 0.929291°W / 53.7755; -0.929291

End of auto-generated list.

References

^ Faulkner, P (1958). "Domestic planning from the 12th to the 14th centuries". Archaeological Journal. 115: 150–83.
^ Faulkner, P (1963). "Castle planning in the fourteenth century". Archaeological Journal. 120: 215–35.
^ Rickard, John (2002). The castle community: the personnel of English and Welsh castles : 1272 - 1422 (1. publ. ed.). Woodbridge: Boydell. p. 21. ISBN 9780851159133.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y The Personnel of English and Welsh Castles, 1272-1422

[faulkner1-1] Faulkner, P (1958). "Domestic planning from the 12th to the 14th centuries". Archaeological Journal. 115: 150–83.

[faulkner2-2] Faulkner, P (1963). "Castle planning in the fourteenth century". Archaeological Journal. 120: 215–35.

[3] Rickard, John (2002). The castle community: the personnel of English and Welsh castles : 1272 - 1422 (1. publ. ed.). Woodbridge: Boydell. p. 21. ISBN 9780851159133.

[ref_70bb83fbe0eda4928439efd2f6692aa2-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y The Personnel of English and Welsh Castles, 1272-1422

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]