Jump to content

Congregation of St. Basil

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is an old revision of this page, as edited by CSBasilUser (talk | contribs) at 20:08, 5 November 2015 (→France). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.
For other Basilian orders, see Basilian (disambiguation).
Congregation of St. Basil
AbbreviationCSB
Formation1822 (in France)
TypeRoman Catholic religious order
Headquarters95 St. Joseph St.
Toronto, ON
Canada
M5S 3C2
Location
  • Predominantly in North and South America
Very Rev. George Terence Smith, CSB
Websitebasilian.org

The Congregation of St. Basil, also known as the Basilian Fathers, is a community of priests, students for the priesthood, and lay associates. It is an apostolic community whose members profess simple vows. The Basilians seek the glory of God, especially in the works of education and evangelization.[1] The Congregation was founded in 1822 in the aftermath of the French Revolution. In the early 19th century the Basilian Fathers' educational and pastoral work brought them to a variety of locations in Canada and the United States. In the 1960s, the priests began to minister in Mexico, and in Colombia in the 1980s.[2]

Crest

The Basilian crest was developed in the late nineteenth century.[3] Its main components are the founding date of the Congregation (1822); the Congregation's motto in Latin; and a shield bearing four symbols. The four symbols and their meanings are: a chalice, representing the Blessed Sacrament; an open book, representing knowledge; a fleur-de-lis representing both the Blessed Virgin and the French origins of the Basilians; and a Greek cross, representing Christ and honoring St. Basil, the Greek patron of the congregation. The motto, which is translated as "teach me goodness, discipline, and knowledge", is often seen on the logos of Basilian schools around the world. [4]

Founding

Amidst the turmoil and persecution of the Catholic Church during the French Revolution and after the Reign of Terror, the Archbishop of Vienne, Charles-François d’Aviau Du Bois-de-Sanzay, encouraged Joseph Lapierre to take over the Catholic education of boys in the isolated hill commune of Saint-Symphorien-de-Mahun, Ardèche department. Despite difficulties, the school grew, and in 1800, when the political climate was more favourable, the Archbishop asked Lapierre to also educate candidates for the priesthood. With the addition of Joseph Marie Actorie as director, a minor seminary was founded. Increased growth made it necessary to find a new location, and in 1802 the school moved to Annonay at the suggestion of Henri Léorat-Picansel, a pastor who had previously been in Saint-Symphorien-de-Mahun.

Ten men, priests and students for the priesthood, formed the staff of the school. In the ensuing years, school enrollment grew to over 300 students, and auxiliary institutions were established nearby. In the years leading up to 1820, changing French educational laws and changing Church administration meant falling enrollment. The newly appointed bishop suggested that if they formed an association and bought the property of a nearby school, Maison Seule, that they would have his support. This “coincided with a desire for closer religious life already shown by several of the priests teaching in the college.”

On November 21, 1822, The Feast of the Presentation of Our Lady, the Congregation’s first general chapter was held. Joseph Lapierre was unanimously elected Superior by the nine other priests. “To these men he was the very symbol of their determination that this work should not fail.” The schools became known for their range of teaching including humanities, rhetoric, philosophy, mathematics, physics and chemistry.

Previously known as the Teaching Priests of the Ardèche, the founders chose St. Basil as their namesake. Their new school, Maison Seule, was in the Parish of St. Basil, but he was also an appropriate choice because he was “a monastic founder, a preacher and an author of a treatise on the study of pagan classics.”[5]

Other patrons of the Basilians are: the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Joseph, St. Francis of Assisi, St. Thomas Aquinas, and St. John Bosco.

The ten founding priests were:

  • Jacques Duret (1762–1841) was born in Annonay, the son of a physician. He studied in Paris and was a classmate of the revolutionary enemy of the Catholic Church, Maximilien Robespierre. [6]
  • André Fayolle, (1791–1867) nephew of Pierre Tourvieille, was a teacher who studied theology before he was ordained. [7]
  • Joseph Lapierre (1757–1838) was a priest who fled persecution during the Revolution and secretly celebrated Mass and provided clandestine Christian education. Lapierre became the first Superior General and prepared and submitted the first draft Constitutions of the Basilians to Rome. [8]
  • Henri Martinesche (1797–1879) was ordained in 1822 and was a teacher and chaplain. [9]
  • Jean François Pagès (1793–1861) studied philosophy and theology and was ordained in 1818. The following year, he began teaching in Annonay. [10]
  • Augustin Payan (1771–1847) attended the clandestine seminary college at Saint-Symphorien-de-Mahun, becoming a teacher and studying theology. [11]
  • Jean-Baptiste Polly (1772–1846) was mayor of Saint-Symphorien-de-Mahun (then called Mahun Libre by the revolutionaries) and hid priests to protect them. He attended the clandestine seminary college where he studied theology, and was secretly ordained. [12]
  • Pierre Tourvieille (1780–1859) who received covert education during the French Revolution from his older brother, a priest. Tourvieille became the second Basilian Superior General in 1838. [13]
  • Julien Tracol (1796–1885) was a teacher, librarian, record keeper and first unofficial historian of the Congregation of St. Basil. [14]
  • Jean Antoine Vallon (1775–1840) was ordained around 1800 and was a teacher at Saint-Symphorien-de-Mahun and later at Annonay. [15]


  • André Fayolle
    André Fayolle

History

France

In their early years, the Basilians were not a religious congregation in the canonical sense. They were an association or society of secular priests willing to live in community and pool their resources to support Christian education and preaching.[16] The members did not take formal religious vows of poverty, chastity and obedience until later. In the early years, boundaries were somewhat fluid on membership in the association, based on who lived in the community and taught at the schools at any time. The early years of the Basilian congregation were full of challenges. The local bishop, who was prepared to suppress the congregation, died the night before signing a decree.[17] However within a couple of generations, the Basilians had grown sufficiently to be formally approved by Pius IX in 1863.[18] During the French Third Republic, Catholic schools were again a target, this time of the Socialists who were determined to secularize education. The decrees of 1880 targeted Jesuits but affected all teaching orders including the Basilians, and as a result of the persecution they were forced to close one of their schools in 1881 and one of their houses.[19] The French government finally suppressed all religious orders in what was known as “La loi de Combes” in 1903. The Basilian confrères were dispersed and their property was sold at auction. The religious life of the Basilian Fathers in France was suspended for twenty years, a blow from which they never recovered.[20]

  • Basilian Teachers 1886 – 1887
    Basilian Teachers 1886 – 1887

Canada

Bishop Armand-François-Marie de Charbonnel was named the Bishop of Toronto in 1850. He was a Basilian student in Annonay from 1811 to 1819 and turned to Patrick Moloney, an Irish Basilian to assist him in his work with the largely Irish Catholic community in Toronto. The order decided to send four of its members, including Father Moloney, and established St. Michael’s College in 1852, quickly followed by St. Basil’s parish in 1856. This effort was a large investment, risk and sacrifice for the congregation as it represented a significant percentage of the total number of available Basilian priests. Three high schools were served by the Basilian order in Toronto including Michael Power/St. Joseph High School, and Father Henry Carr Catholic Secondary School. The institute also founded Assumption College, which became Assumption University in Windsor, Ontario, now federated with the University of Windsor; St. Thomas More College in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan federated with the University of Saskatchewan; and St. Joseph's College in Edmonton, Alberta affiliated with the University of Alberta. St. Thomas College (later St. Thomas University [New Brunswick]) in Chatham, New Brunswick, was founded by the Basilians in 1910, and in 1923 the college was transferred to the local diocesan clergy. Toronto remains one of the largest centers for the Congregation of St. Basil, and is home to the Basilian Curial Offices and the Cardinal Flahiff Basilian Centre.

Division and Reunion

Discussion between the Congregation in France and North America resulted in the amicable Decree of Separation in June 1922 creating two separate religious congregations, each with their own constitutions.

The French and North American branches were reunited in 1955, an occasion celebrated in Annonay.

United States

The Basilian Fathers have been active in the United States since the last half of the nineteenth century. The first Basilian ministry in the United States was in Ohio at St. Louis College in Louisville. The Basilians founded and still operate St. Thomas High School and the University of St. Thomas in Houston, Texas. In the 1930s the Basilians began an apostolate serving Spanish-speaking populations in Texas in communities such as Galveston, Houston, Sugar Land, Rosenberg, Wharton, New Gulf, Bay City, Angleton, Freeport and Eagle Lake. The work in Texas also served as the platform for Basilian mission work in Mexico and Colombia.

The Basilians also opened Catholic Central High School in Detroit, Michigan and Andrean High School in Merrillville, Indiana. They co-sponsor Detroit Cristo Rey High School with the Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary.

In 1937 the Basilians took over Aquinas Institute in Rochester, New York, and in 1948 established St. John Fisher College in the same city. St. John Fisher remains a Basilian college and the Basilians maintain strong links to the Aquinas Institute.

Latin America

The Basilians started missions to Mexico in 1961 and Colombia in 1987. The Basilian Fathers have served in Mexico City and currently serve in Tehuacán, Puebla, Mexico, and Bogotá, Cali, and Medellín, Colombia in Latin America. The congregation established parishes and schools in Colombia and Mexico, and is affiliated with St. Basil’s Medical Centre in Colombia.

Present

Today, the Basilians practice their ministry of teaching and preaching within parishes, campus ministry, schools and colleges located in Canada, United States, Mexico, and Colombia. They are currently located at:

  • In France, Basilians still serve at Collège Privé Sacré-Coeur and in parishes in and around Annonay.
  • In Toronto, Basilians serve at St. Michael’s College School, Holy Rosary and St. Basil’s parishes, the University of St. Michael’s College, and the Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies.
  • Toronto is also home to the Basilian Curial Offices and the Cardinal Flahiff Basilian Centre.
  • In Windsor, Basilians serve at Assumption College and Assumption parish.
  • In Edmonton, Basilians serve at St. Joseph’s College and St. Alphonsus and St. Clare parishes.
  • In Detroit, Basilians serve at Catholic Central and Cristo Rey high schools.
  • In Rochester, Basilians serve at St. Kateri Tekakwitha parish and St. John Fisher College
  • In Houston, Basilians serve at St. Thomas High School, the University of St. Thomas, and St. Anne’s parish.
  • In Angleton Texas, Basilians serve at Most Holy Trinity Church.
  • In Tehuacán, Mexico, Basilians serve at Casa San Felipe and Parroquia San Lorenzo.
  • In Cali, Colombia, Basilians serve at the parish and school Nuestra Señora de la Asunción.
  • In Medellín, Colombia, Basilians serve at Parroquia San Basilio.

As well, there are Basilians engaged in Christian education, pastoral care, and media ministry in Canada and the US.

  • The Basilians have novitiate houses in Sugar Land, Texas and Bogotá, Colombia.
  • The Basilians have scholasticate (residences for Basilian seminarians) in Toronto, Ontario, and Medellín, Colombia.
  • The Basilians have residences for retired priests in Toronto, Ontario, Las Cruces, New Mexico, Windsor, Ontario, Rochester, New York, and Houston, Texas.

Notable Basilians

  • David Bauer, Canadian amateur hockey advocate and Olympic hockey coach
  • Father Henry Carr, made significant contributions to Catholic education in Canada including broadening the curriculum at St. Michael’s College’s high school department so its graduates could qualify for admission to university and arranging for St. Michael’s College to become a federated arts college in the university, a model that was copied by other Catholic institutions in English-speaking Canada.[21]
  • Ronald Peter Fabbro, Bishop of London, Ontario, 2002–Present
  • George Bernard Flahiff, Archbishop of Winnipeg,1961-1982
  • Eugene Carlisle LeBel, Influential administrator of Assumption College, Windsor, and later University of Windsor.
  • M. Owen Lee, American classics and music scholar, who was well known for his contributions as an intermission commentator, pianist, and quiz panelist on the Metropolitan Opera radio broadcasts.
  • Ulysse Paré, Superior General of the Congregation from 1981-1989, under his lead the Basilians expanded their ministry to Colombia.[22]
  • John Michael Miller, Coadjutor Archbishop of Vancouver, 2007-2009 and Archbishop of Vancouver, 2009–Present
  • Denis T. O'Connor, Bishop of London, Ontario, 1890-1899 and Archbishop of Toronto, 1899-1908
  • Ricardo Ramírez, Auxiliary Bishop of San Antonio, Texas, 1981-1982 and Bishop of Las Cruces, New Mexico, 1982-2013
  • Thomas Rosica, CEO of Salt + Light Television network

References

  1. ^ "About Us". Basilian Fathers. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  2. ^ "About Us". Basilian Fathers. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  3. ^ "The Basilian Crest". Basilian Fathers. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  4. ^ "The Basilian Crest". basilian.org. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  5. ^ Hanrahan, James (1973). The Basilian Fathers (1822-1972). Toronto: The Basilian Press. pp. 1–8. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  6. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 192–193. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  7. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 205–207. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  8. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 341–344. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  9. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 391. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  10. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 517–518. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  11. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 521–522. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  12. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 536–537. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  13. ^ Platt, Wallace (2005). Dictionary of Basilian Biography Lives of Members of the Congregation of Priests of Saint Basil from Its Origins in 1822 to 2002 (Second ed.). Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 655. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  14. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 658–659. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  15. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 664. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  16. ^ Kirley, CSB, Kevin J. (November 21, 2014). 1922 Before and After A Short History of the Congregation of St. Basil 1822-2014. p. 7.
  17. ^ Kirley, CSB, Kevin J. (November 21, 2014). 1922 Before and After A Short History of the Congregation of St. Basil 1822-2014. p. 9.
  18. ^ Kirley, CSB, Kevin J. (November 21, 2014). 1922 Before and After A Short History of the Congregation of St. Basil 1822-2014. p. 13.
  19. ^ Kirley, CSB, Kevin J. (November 21, 2014). 1922 Before and After A Short History of the Congregation of St. Basil 1822-2014. p. 14.
  20. ^ Kirley, CSB, Kevin J. (November 21, 2014). 1922 Before and After A Short History of the Congregation of St. Basil 1822-2014. p. 17.
  21. ^ Platt, P. Wallace. Dictionary of Basilian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 86. ISBN 0-8020-3949-9.
  22. ^ The Basilian Annals 2015 (Volume 13 Number 1 ed.). p. 77.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Congregation of St. Basil.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Congregation_of_St._Basil&oldid=689233683"