Video for Windows
.jpg){kind=link}
Video for Windows (VfW), also referred to as Video Compression Manager (VCM), was a multimedia framework developed by Microsoft that allowed Windows to play and encode digital video.
Overview
Video for Windows was first introduced in November 1992. It was developed as a reaction to Apple Computer's QuickTime technology, which added digital video to the Macintosh platform. Costing around $200,[1] the product included editing and encoding programs for use with video input boards. A runtime version for viewing videos only was also made available. Originally released as a free add-on to Windows 3.1 and Windows 3.11, it then became an integral component of Windows 95 and later.
Like QuickTime there were three components in Video for Windows. The technology introduced Audio Video Interleave (AVI), a file format designed to store digital video. The technology provided an application programming interface (API) that allowed software developers working on Windows to add the ability to play or manipulate digital video to their own applications. Lastly, it included a suite of software for playing and manipulating digital video:
- Media Player
- VidCap
- VidEdit
- BitEdit
- PalEdit
- WaveEdit
The original version had a number of limitations including a maximum resolution of 320 pixels by 240 pixels and a maximum framerate of 30 frames per second.
Video for Windows was mostly replaced by the July 1996 release of ActiveMovie, later known as DirectShow. It was first released as a beta version along with the second beta of Internet Explorer 3.0.[2] ActiveMovie was released as a free download, either standalone or bundled with Internet Explorer. ActiveMovie, however, did not support video capture. Video for Windows was still used for video capture until the release of Windows Driver Model capture drivers, which only started to become popular in 2000.
In 1995, Video for Windows became an issue in a lawsuit Apple filed against Microsoft, Intel, and the San Francisco Canyon Company, regarding the alleged theft of several thousand lines of QuickTime source code to improve the performance of Video for Windows.[3][4][5][6] This lawsuit was ultimately settled in 1997, when Apple agreed to make Internet Explorer the default browser over Netscape, and Microsoft agreed to continue developing Office and other software for the Mac for the next 5 years, and purchase $150 million of non-voting Apple stock.[7][8]
In March 1997, Microsoft announced that ActiveMovie would become part of the DirectX 5,[9] and around July started referring to it as DirectShow.[10]
Version history
| Release Date | Version | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| November 1992 | Video for Windows 1.0 | First public release. Including Microsoft RLE and Video1 codecs. |
| ? | Video for Windows 1.1 | Added Cinepak codec |
| ? | Video for Windows 1.1a | |
| ? | Video for Windows 1.1b | |
| ? | Video for Windows 1.1c | |
| ? | Video for Windows 1.1d | Included Indeo 3.2 (Allegedly included source code from Apple's QuickTime for Windows) |
| March 1995 | Video for Windows 1.1e | Last version for Windows 3.1x |
| August 1995 | Video for Windows 95 | Bundled with Windows 95 |
| July 1996 | Video for Windows NT | 32-bit version bundled with Windows NT 4.0 |
| July 1996 | ActiveMovie 1.0 | The successor of Video for Windows. Added support for MPEG-1 and QuickTime file formats. |
| March 1997 | DirectShow 1.0 | The successor of Active Movie |
Example
This sample source code shows skeleton of video codec in VfW:
#include <vfw.h>
…
LRESULT WINAPI DriverProc(
DWORD dwDriverId,
HDRVR hdrvr,
UINT msg,
LONG lParam1,
LONG lParam2)
{
switch(msg)
{
…
case ICM_COMPRESS:
// compress frame
return Compress((ICCOMPRESS*)lParam1, (DWORD)lParam2);
…
case ICM_DECOMPRESS:
// decompress frame
return Decompress((ICDECOMPRESS*)lParam1, (DWORD)lParam2);
…
}
}
…
See also
References
- ^ Future Publishing (May 1993). PC Plus. p. 61.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ Microsoft (July 16, 1996). "Microsoft Delivers ActiveMovie for Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0". Microsoft PressPass. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
- ^ Markoff, John. "Intel and Microsoft Added to Apple Lawsuit", New York Times, February 10, 1995
- ^ Duncan, Geoff. "Apple Sues Intel, Microsoft - Again', TidBITS, February 13, 1995
- ^ Mace, Michael. "An Open Letter to the Computing Community", archived from apple.com, February 9, 1995
- ^ Mace, Michael. "Second open letter from Apple", archived from apple.com
- ^ Kawamoto, Dawn; Heskett, Ben; Ricciuti, Mike. "MS to invest $150 million in Apple", CNET News, August 6, 1997
- ^ "Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement", FindLaw, August 5, 1997
- ^ Microsoft (March 31, 1997). "Microsoft Unveils First Unified Multimedia API Strategy". Microsoft PressPass. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
- ^ Microsoft (July 21, 1997). "Microsoft and Progressive Networks Collaborate on Streaming Media". Microsoft PressPass. Retrieved 2006-12-31.