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Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources

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The Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE) is a Zimbabwean community-based natural resource management programme. It is one of the first programs to consider wildlife as renewable natural resources, while addressing the allocation of its ownership to indigenous peoples in and around conservation protected areas.[1]

United States involvement

The US federal government has invested resources in CAMPFIRE, principally through USAID. By 1997, $7 million had been donated to the programme. This support created controversy in US politics. CAMPFIRE leadership lobbied in favor of the legalization of the sustainable consumptive use of endangered species as a strategy to increase the value of their remaining populations. This position clashed with the majority preservationist, anti-hunting public sentiment in the US as well as national and international law, in particular CITES.[2]

Results

It has been estimated by the World Wildlife Fund that households participating in CAMPFIRE increased their incomes by 15-25%.[3] At one point, CAMPFIRE leadership chose to invest communal development funds from tourism revenue to build a beer hall.[4]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Satchel 1996.
  2. ^ Rowe 1997.
  3. ^ http://www1.american.edu/ted/campfire.htm
  4. ^ Archabald and Naughton 2001.

References

  • Satchell, Michael (1996-11-25). "Save the elephants: Start shooting them". U.S. News & World Report. p. 51. ISSN 0041-5537.
  • Fortmann, Louise (2005). "What We Need is a Community Bambi: The Perils and Possibilities of Powerful Symbols". Communities and Conservation: Histories and Politics of Communit-Based Natural Resource Management (PDF). Walnut Creek, CA: Alta Mira. pp. 195–205. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (|editor= suggested) (help)
  • Vorlaufer, Karl (2002-04-01). "CAMPFIRE — The Political Ecology of Poverty Alleviation, Wildlife Utilisation and Biodiversity Conservation in Zimbabwe (CAMPFIRE — Die Politische Ökologie der Armutsbekämpfung, Wildtiernutzung und des Biodiversitäts-schutzes in Zimbabwe)". Erdkunde. 56 (2): 184–206. doi:10.2307/25647452. ISSN 0014-0015. Retrieved 2012-11-23.
  • Press, Robert (1993-06-22). "Wildlife Protection Gets a Tough Probe". Christian Science Monitor. pp. page 13. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 2012-11-29. {{cite news}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
  • Schouten, Fredreka (2000-01-20). "African trip draws criticism". USA Today (FINAL ed.). ISSN 0734-7456. Retrieved 2012-11-29.
  • Rowe, Peter (1997-05-08). "Stampeding toward ivory and irony". San Diego Union-Tribune (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 ed.). pp. E-1. ISSN 1063-102X. Retrieved 2012-11-29.
  • Archabald, Karen; Lisa Naughton-Treves (2001). "Tourism revenue-sharing around national parks in Western Uganda: early efforts to identify and reward local communities". Environmental Conservation. 28 (02): 135–149. doi:10.1017/S0376892901000145.
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