Volcanism of Java

Seven of the active volcanoes of Java

Mt. Semeru and Mt. Bromo in East Java

Java is almost entirely of volcanic origin, and contains numerous volcanoes, 45 of which are considered active volcanoes. As is the case for many other Indonesian islands, volcanoes have played a vital role in the geological and human history of Java. Indeed, land is created on Java as a result of lava flows, ash deposits, and mud flows (lahars). Volcanoes are a major contributor to the immense fertility of Java, as natural erosion transports volcanic material as alluvium to the island's plains, forming thick layers of fertile sediment. The benefit is not just in the immediate vicinity of the volcano, with fine ash emitted from eruptions being dispersed over wide areas.

Climbing volcanoes (and other mountains) is increasingly popular.

List of volcanoes

Main article: List of volcanoes in Indonesia

This list is of volcanoes from the west of Java to the east. Local terminology and usage has the word Gunung (mount or mountain) precede the names

West Java

• Pulosari Stratovolcano
• Karang Stratovolcano
• Kiaraberes-Gagak Stratovolcano
• Perbakti Stratovolcano
• Mount Salak Stratovolcano
• Mount Gede Stratovolcano
• Mount Pangrango Stratovolcano
• Mount Patuha Stratovolcano
• Wayang-Windu Lava dome
• Mount Malabar Stratovolcano
• Tangkuban Parahu Stratovolcano
• Mount Papandayan Stratovolcanoes
• Mount Kendang Stratovolcano
• Kamojang Stratovolcanoes
• Mount Guntur Complex volcano
• Mount Tampomas Stratovolcano
• Galunggung Stratovolcano
• Talagabodas Stratovolcano
• Karaha Crater Fumarole field
• Mount Cereme Stratovolcano

Central Java

• Mount Slamet Stratovolcano
• Dieng Volcanic Complex Complex volcano
• Mount Sundoro Stratovolcano
• Mount Sumbing Stratovolcano
• Mount Ungaran Stratovolcano
• Mount Telomoyo Stratovolcano
• Mount Merbabu Stratovolcano
• Mount Merapi Stratovolcano
• Mount Muria Stratovolcano
• Mount Lawu Stratovolcano
• Mount Wilis Stratovolcano

East Java

• Kelut Stratovolcano
• Kawi-Butak Stratovolcanoes
• Arjuno-Welirang Stratovolcano
• Penanggungan Stratovolcano
• Malang Plain Maars
• Semeru Stratovolcano
• Mount Bromo
• Lamongan Stratovolcano
• Lurus Complex volcano Mount Lurus
• Iyang-Argapura Complex volcano
• Raung Stratovolcano
• Ijen Stratovolcanoes
• Baluran Stratovolcano

List of active volcanoes

Name	Shape	Elevation	Last eruption (VEI)	Geolocation
Krakatau	caldera	813 metres (2,667 ft)	11 January 2011 ( )	6.102°S 105.423°E / -6.102; 105.423
Pulosari	stratovolcano	1,346 metres (4,416 ft)	unknown	6.342°S 105.975°E / -6.342; 105.975
Karang	stratovolcano	1,778 metres (5,833 ft)	unknown	6.27°S 106.042°E / -6.27; 106.042
Kiaraberes-Gagak	stratovolcano	1,511 metres (4,957 ft)	6 April 1939 (1)	6.73°S 106.65°E / -6.73; 106.65
Perbakti	stratovolcano	1,699 metres (5,574 ft)	unknown	6.75°S 106.68°E / -6.75; 106.68
Salak	stratovolcano	2,211 metres (7,254 ft)	31 January 1938 (2)	6.72°S 106.73°E / -6.72; 106.73
Gede	stratovolcano	2,958 metres (9,705 ft)	13 March 1957 (2)	6.78°S 106.98°E / -6.78; 106.98
Patuha	stratovolcano	2,434 metres (7,986 ft)	unknown	7.160°S 107.40°E / -7.160; 107.40
Wayang-Windu	lava dome	2,182 metres (7,159 ft)	unknown	7.208°S 107.63°E / -7.208; 107.63
Malabar	stratovolcano	2,343 metres (7,687 ft)	unknown	7.13°S 107.65°E / -7.13; 107.65
Tangkuban Perahu	stratovolcano	2,084 metres (6,837 ft)	14 September 1983 (1)	6.77°S 107.60°E / -6.77; 107.60
Papandayan	stratovolcano	2,665 metres (8,743 ft)	11 November 2002 (2)	7.32°S 107.73°E / -7.32; 107.73
Kendang	stratovolcano	2,608 metres (8,556 ft)	unknown	7.23°S 107.72°E / -7.23; 107.72
Kamojang	stratovolcano	1,730 metres (5,680 ft)	Template:DtshPleistocene	7.125°S 107.80°E / -7.125; 107.80
Guntur	complex volcano	2,249 metres (7,379 ft)	16 October 1847 (2)	7.143°S 107.840°E / -7.143; 107.840
Tampomas	stratovolcano	1,684 metres (5,525 ft)	unknown	6.77°S 107.95°E / -6.77; 107.95
Galunggung	stratovolcano	2,168 metres (7,113 ft)	9 January 1984 (1)	7.25°S 108.058°E / -7.25; 108.058
Talagabodas	stratovolcano	2,201 metres (7,221 ft)	unknown	7.208°S 108.07°E / -7.208; 108.07
Karaha	fumarole	1,155 metres (3,789 ft)	unknown	7.12°S 108.08°E / -7.12; 108.08
Cereme	stratovolcano	3,078 metres (10,098 ft)	1951	6.892°S 108.40°E / -6.892; 108.40
Slamet	stratovolcano	3,432 metres (11,260 ft)	1 May 1999 (1)	7.242°S 109.208°E / -7.242; 109.208
Dieng	complex volcano	2,565 metres (8,415 ft)	31 December 1996 (1)	7.20°S 109.92°E / -7.20; 109.92
Sundoro	stratovolcano	3,136 metres (10,289 ft)	29 October 1971 (2)	7.30°S 109.992°E / -7.30; 109.992
Sumbing	stratovolcano	3,371 metres (11,060 ft)	1730 (1)	7.384°S 110.070°E / -7.384; 110.070
Ungaran	stratovolcano	2,050 metres (6,730 ft)	unknown	7.18°S 110.33°E / -7.18; 110.33
Telomoyo	stratovolcano	1,894 metres (6,214 ft)	unknown	7.37°S 110.40°E / -7.37; 110.40
Merbabu	stratovolcano	3,145 metres (10,318 ft)	1797 (2)	7.45°S 110.43°E / -7.45; 110.43
Merapi	stratovolcano	2,968 metres (9,738 ft)	26 October 2010	7.542°S 110.442°E / -7.542; 110.442
Muria	stratovolcano	1,625 metres (5,331 ft)	160 BC ± 30 years	6.62°S 110.88°E / -6.62; 110.88
Lawu	stratovolcano	3,265 metres (10,712 ft)	28 November 1885 (1)	7.625°S 111.192°E / -7.625; 111.192
Wilis	stratovolcano	2,563 metres (8,409 ft)	unknown	7.808°S 111.758°E / -7.808; 111.758
Kelud	stratovolcano	1,731 metres (5,679 ft)	13 February 2014	7.93°S 112.308°E / -7.93; 112.308
Kawi-Butak	stratovolcano	2,651 metres (8,698 ft)	unknown	7.92°S 112.45°E / -7.92; 112.45
Arjuno-Welirang	stratovolcano	3,339 metres (10,955 ft)	15 August 1952 (0)	7.725°S 112.58°E / -7.725; 112.58
Penanggungan	stratovolcano	1,653 metres (5,423 ft)	unknown	7.62°S 112.63°E / -7.62; 112.63
Malang Plain	maar	680 metres (2,230 ft)	unknown	8.02°S 112.68°E / -8.02; 112.68
Semeru	stratovolcano	3,676 metres (12,060 ft)	1967–2006 continuing (3)	8.108°S 112.92°E / -8.108; 112.92
Tengger	stratovolcano	2,329 metres (7,641 ft)	8 June 2004 (2)	7.942°S 112.95°E / -7.942; 112.95
Lamongan	stratovolcano	1,651 metres (5,417 ft)	5 February 1898 (2)	7.979°S 113.342°E / -7.979; 113.342
Lurus	complex volcano	539 metres (1,768 ft)	unknown	7.73°S 113.58°E / -7.73; 113.58
Iyang-Argapura	complex volcano	3,088 metres (10,131 ft)	unknown	7.97°S 113.57°E / -7.97; 113.57
Raung	stratovolcano	3,332 metres (10,932 ft)	2 June 2002 (2)	8.125°S 114.042°E / -8.125; 114.042
Ijen	stratovolcano	2,799 metres (9,183 ft)	28 June 1999 (1)	8.058°S 114.242°E / -8.058; 114.242
Baluran	stratovolcano	1,247 metres (4,091 ft)	unknown	7.85°S 114.37°E / -7.85; 114.37

See also

• Reinout Willem van Bemmelen
• List of volcanoes in Indonesia

References

• Whitten, T, Soaeriaatmadja, R. E., Afiff, S. A., (editors), The Ecology of Java and Bali, Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. 1996, Harcover, 969 pages, ISBN 962-593-072-8