User:Vipul/DICE model
The Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy model, referred to as the DICE model or Dice model, is a computer model developed by William Nordhaus that “integrate[s] in an end-to-end fashion the economics, carbon cycle, climate science, and impacts in a highly aggregated model that allow[s] a weighing of the costs and benefits of taking steps to slow greenhouse warming." Nordhaus also developed the RICE model (Regional Integrated Climate-Economy model), a variant of the DICE model that was updated and developed alongside the DICE model.[1][2] Others who collaborated with Nordhaus to develop the model include David Popp, Zili Yang, Joseph Boyer, and other colleagues.[2]
History
The model appears to have first been proposed by economist William Nordhaus in a discussion paper for the Cowles Foundation in February 1992.[3] He also wrote a brief note outlining the main ideas in an article for Science in November 1992.[4] A subsequent revised model was published in Resource and Energy Economics in 1993.[5][6]
Nordhaus published an improved version of the model in the October 1994 book Managing the Global Commons: The Economics of Climate Change,[7] with the first chapter as well as an appendix containing a computer program both freely available online.[8][9] Marian Radetzki reviewed the book for The Energy Journal.[10]
In 1998, Nordhaus published a revised version of the DICE model in multiple papers, one of which was coauthored with Joseph Boyer in order to understand the effects of the proposed Kyoto Protocol.[11][12]
In 1999, Nordhaus published computer programs and spreadsheets implementing a revised version of the DICE model as well as a variant called the RICE model (RICE stands for Regional Integrated Climate-Economics, signifying that the modeling of economics and climate are being done only for a particular region rather than the whole world).[13][14]
In 2000, Nordhaus and Boyer co-authored a book published by MIT Press titled Warming the World: Economic Models of Global Warming with a detailed description of the updated DICE and RICE models.[15]
In 2001, Nordhaus published revised spreadsheets for the RICE model.[16]
In November 2006, Nordhaus published a new version of the DICE model with updated data, and used it to review the Stern Review.[2][17][18]
In 2010, updated RICE and DICE models were published, and the new RICE model was explained by Nordhaus in an article for the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (US).[19][20]
In 2013, the book The Climate Casino by Nordhaus, with updated discussion of the DICE and RICE models and the broader policy implications, was published by Yale University Press.[21] A background on the latest version of the models as used in the book was published on Nordhaus' website.[22][23]
References
- ^ Newbold, Stephen (November 2010). "Summary of the DICE model" (PDF). Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ a b c Nordhaus, William (November 2006). "RICE and DICE Models of Economics of Climate Change". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (February 1992). "The "Dice" Model: Background and Structure of a Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy Model of the Economics of Global Warming (Cowles Foundation discussion paper no. 1009)" (PDF). Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (November 20, 1992). "An Optimal Transition Path for Controlling Greenhouse Gases" (PDF). Science. 258. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William. "Original DICE and RICE models". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (1993). "Rolling the 'DICE': An Optimal Transition Path for Controlling Greenhouse Gases". Resource and Energy Economics. 15.
{{cite journal}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Nordhaus, William (October 4, 1994). Managing the Global Commons: The Economics of Climate Change. MIT Press.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Nordhaus, William (October 4, 1994). "Appendix. Computer Program for DICE model". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William. "Chapter 1 (Managing the Global Commons". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Radetzki, Marian (1995). "Managing the Global Commons: The Economics of Climate Change". The Energy Journal. 16 (2). Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William. "III. Research Papers Using revised DICE and RICE Models". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William; Boyer, Joseph (February 8, 1999). "Requiem for Kyoto: An Economic Analysis of the Kyoto Protocol" (PDF). Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William. "GAMS Computer Programs for RICE-99". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William. "Spreadsheet Versions of DICE-99 and RICE-99 models". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William; Boyer, Joseph (August 21, 2000). Warming the World: Economic Models of Global Warming (hardcover). MIT Press. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William. "Spreadsheet Version of RICE-2001 Model Used for Science Article". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (November 16, 2006). "DICE model recalibrated to data for November 2006". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (November 17, 2006). "Documentation for DICE-2006, November 2006 round" (PDF). Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (May 10, 2010). "Economic aspects of global warming in a post-Copenhagen environment" (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (March 20, 2012). "RICE-2010 and DICE-2010 Models (as of March 20, 2012)". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (October 22, 2013). The Climate Casino: Risk, Uncertainty, and Economics for a Warming World. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300189773.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ Nordhaus, William. "Background on the DICE Models For Readers of The Climate Casino (2013)". Retrieved February 19, 2014.
- ^ Nordhaus, William (January 22, 2014). "Scientific and Economic Background on DICE-2013R Model as of January 22, 2014". Retrieved February 19, 2014.