Category:Hardware testing

Pertains to processes involved in validating the operation of electronic hardware.

There are two ideal methods White box testing and Black Box testing. And a non-ideal Gray box testing.

Some White box testing methods include In circuit test (ICT), Automated optical inspection (AOI). Circuit changes or devices changes affect these test, requiring updates or new fixtures.

An example Black box testing method is Functional test. As long as the design remains true to it functional specification, both circuit or device changes do not affect the test.

Finlay gray box testing is a combination of both methods. Functional interfaces are specified and tested for user required characteristics, and some internal non-user accessible circuits are interfaced and tested. This test method allows modifying some areas of the design without affecting the test.