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The single transferable vote (STV) is a voting system designed to achieve proportional representation through ranked voting in multi-seat constituencies (voting districts).^[1] Under STV, an elector has a single vote that is initially allocated to his or her most preferred candidate, and then, as the count proceeds and candidates are either elected or eliminated, is transferred to other candidates according to the voter's stated preferences, in proportion to any surplus or discarded votes. Exactly how votes are transferred can vary — see Differing counting methods.

The system provides approximately proportional representation, enables votes to be explicitly cast for individual candidates rather than for closed party lists, and minimizes "wasted" votes by transferring votes to other eligible candidates that would otherwise be wasted on sure losers or sure winners.

Hare–Clark is the name given to STV in Australia in lower house elections in two states/territories, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory. The name is derived from Thomas Hare, who initially developed the system and the Tasmanian Attorney General, Andrew Inglis Clark, who worked to have a modified version introduced. Hare–Clark has been subsequently changed to use rotating ballot papers (the Robson Rotation). The Upper Houses of the remaining Australian states, as well as the Upper House of the Parliament of Australia, use a variant of STV known as "group voting".

STV is the system of choice of groups such as the Proportional Representation Society of Australia (which calls it "quota-preferential proportional representation"), the Electoral Reform Society in the United Kingdom, and FairVote in the USA (which calls it "choice voting"). Its critics contend that some voters find the mechanisms behind STV difficult to understand,^[2] but this does not make it more difficult for voters to 'rank the list of candidates in order of preference' in an STV ballot paper (see Voting).

Ivy Bridge processors ^{[note 1]}

Notes

^ In some Ivy Bridge chips, due to a bug, the RdRand instruction causes an Illegal Instruction exception. ^[3] ^[4]

References

^ "Single Transferable Vote". Electoral Reform Society.
^ Justin Fisher, D. T. Denver and John Benyon, Central debates in British politics (2003), Pearson Education, ISBN 978-0-582-43727-2, p. 68.
^ Desktop 3rd Generation Intel® Core™ Processor Family, Specification Update (PDF). Intel Corporation. January 2013. p. 32.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
^ "Digitales Rauschen". c't (in German) (6). Heise Zeitschriften Verlag. 2013.

[5] In some Ivy Bridge chips, due to a bug, the RdRand instruction causes an Illegal Instruction exception. ^[3] ^[4]

[1] "Single Transferable Vote". Electoral Reform Society.

[2] Justin Fisher, D. T. Denver and John Benyon, Central debates in British politics (2003), Pearson Education, ISBN 978-0-582-43727-2, p. 68.

[3] Desktop 3rd Generation Intel® Core™ Processor Family, Specification Update (PDF). Intel Corporation. January 2013. p. 32.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: year (link)

[4] "Digitales Rauschen". c't (in German) (6). Heise Zeitschriften Verlag. 2013.

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