Repulsive guidance molecule A
Template:PBB Repulsive guidance molecule A also known as RGMa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGMA gene.[1]
Function
RGMa is a repulsive guidance molecule for retinal axons.[2] Furthermore neogenin functions as a receptor for RGM.[3] Neogenin overexpression and RGM downexpression in the developing embryonic neural tube induces apoptosis. The apoptotic activity of neogenin in the neural tube is associated with cleavage of its cytoplasmic domain by caspases.[4]
RGMA belongs to a family of repulsive guidance molecules that are (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-linked cell-membrane-associated proteins. The three proteins, RGMa (this protein), RGMb and RGMc are 40-50% identical to each other, and share similarities in predicted protein domains and overall structure. All three RGM proteins appear capable of binding selected BMPs (bone morphogenetic proteins).[5].
The RGMa homologue RGMc/HJV, is transcriptionally regulated during muscle differentiation.[6] RGMs may play inhibitory roles in prostate cancer by suppressing cell growth, adhesion, migration and invasion. RGMs can coordinate Smad-dependent and Smad-independent signalling of BMPs in prostate cancer and breast cancer cells.[7][8].
References
- ^ "Entrez Gene: RGMA RGM domain family, member A".
- ^ Monnier PP, Sierra A, Macchi P, Deitinghoff L, Andersen JS, Mann M, Flad M, Hornberger MR, Stahl B, Bonhoeffer F, Mueller BK (2002). "RGM is a repulsive guidance molecule for retinal axons". Nature. 419 (6905): 392–5. doi:10.1038/nature01041. PMID 12353034.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Rajagopalan S, Deitinghoff L, Davis D, Conrad S, Skutella T, Chedotal A, Mueller BK, Strittmatter SM (2004). "Neogenin mediates the action of repulsive guidance molecule". Nat. Cell Biol. 6 (8): 756–62. doi:10.1038/ncb1156. PMID 15258590.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Matsunaga E, Tauszig-Delamasure S, Monnier PP, Mueller BK, Strittmatter SM, Mehlen P, Chédotal A (2004). "RGM and its receptor neogenin regulate neuronal survival". Nat. Cell Biol. 6 (8): 749–55. doi:10.1038/ncb1157. PMID 15258591.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Severyn CJ, Shinde U, Rotwein P (2009). "Molecular biology, genetics and biochemistry of the repulsive guidance molecule family". Biochem. J. 422 (3): 393–403. doi:10.1042/BJ20090978. PMID 19698085.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Severyn CJ, Rotwein P (2010). "Conserved proximal promoter elements control repulsive guidance molecule c/hemojuvelin (Hfe2) gene transcription in skeletal muscle". Genomics. 96 (Pt): 342. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2010.09.001. PMID 120858542.
{{cite journal}}: Check|pmid=value (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|month=(help) - ^ Jin Li et al (Mar 2012). Repulsive guidance molecule B (RGMB) plays negative roles in breast cancer by coordinating BMP signaling.J Cell Biochem. doi: 10.1002/jcb.24128.
- ^ Li et al (2012). Repulsive guidance molecules, novel bone morphogenetic protein co-receptors, are key regulators of the growth and aggressiveness of prostate cancer cells. Int J Oncol 40(2):544-50. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2011.1251. Epub 2011 Nov 4.
Further reading
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