Computational cybernetics

´´was originally defined in 1947 by Wiener as the science of communication and control, and grew out of Shannon's information theory, which was designed to optimize the transfer of information through communication channels (e.g. telephone lines), and the feedback concept used in engineering control systems. Information and control technologies have gone a very long way since, especially through the introduction of the computer as an all-purpose information processing tool. Most of the presently most fashionable computing applications derive from ideas originally proposed by cyberneticians several decades ago: AI, neural networks, machine learning, autonomous agents, artificial life, man-machine interaction, etc.´´

Computational cybernetics is the integration of cybernetics and computational intelligence techniques. The science of computational cybernetics is especially concerned with the comparative study of automatic control systems. Furthermore, computational cybernetics covers not only mechanical, but biological (living), social and economical systems and for this uses computational intelligence based results of communication theory, signal processing, information technology, control theory, the theory of adaptive systems and the theory of complex systems (game theory, operational research).