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Symbols and conventions used in welding documentation

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The symbolic representation of a V weld of chamfered plates in a technical drawing

The symbols and conventions used in welding documentation are specified in national and international standards such as ISO 2553 Welded, brazed and soldered joints -- Symbolic representation on drawings and ISO 4063 Welding and allied processes -- Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers.

The location of the elements of a welding symbol when following US conventions.

In engineering drawings, each weld is conventionally identified by an arrow which points to the joint to be welded. The arrow is annotated with letters, numbers and symbols which indicate the exact specification of the weld. In the US, these component elements of the weld specification are:[1]

  1. The reference line - the body of the arrow which is the baseline for the specification.
  2. The arrow tip which goes at an angle to the reference line, pointing to the joint to be welded.
  3. The tail which goes at the other end of the reference line.
  4. The basic welding symbol which goes on the reference line to indicate the shape of the weld such as a fillet or plug. The symbol is placed on the arrow side or other side of the line to indicate which side of the joint the weld goes.
  5. The dimensions and other numbers such as the length of the weld or number of spot welds go above and below the reference line.
  6. Supplementary symbols go at the junction of the reference line and the arrow such as a circle to indicate an all-around weld.
  7. Finish symbols go above the reference line to indicate the profile of the weld such as flush, convex or concave.
  8. Letters indicating the welding process are placed at the tail end, such as AHW for atomic hydrogen welding.
Designation Welding process
CAW Carbon-arc welding[1]
DB Dip brazing[1]
FB Furnace brazing[1]
FW Flash welding[1]
GMAW Gas metal-arc welding[1]
GTAW Gas tungsten-arc welding[1]
IB Induction brazing[1]
OAW Oxy-acetylene welding[1]
OHW Oxy-hydrogen welding[1]
PGW Pressure gas welding[1]
RB Resistance brazing[1]
SAW Submerged arc welding[1]
TB Torch brazing[1]
UW Upset welding[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Welding Theory and Application (PDF), Department of the Army, 7 May 1993

Further reading

  • K.L.Narayana,P.Kannaiah,K.Venkata Reddy (2008). Machine Drawing. New age International. ISBN 978-81-224-1917-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • N.D.Bhatt,V.M.Panchal (2003). Machine Drawing. Charotar Publishing House. ISBN 81-85594-19-8.
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