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Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development

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The Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, also called Framework Programmes or abbreviated FP1 through FP8, are funding programmes created by the European Union in order to support and encourage research in the European Research Area (ERA). The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods.

Background

Conducting European research policies and implementing European research programmes is an obligation under the Amsterdam Treaty, which includes a chapter on research and technological development. Since even entire Member States find it increasingly difficult to play a leading role in many important areas of scientific and technological advance, international cooperation is needed.

It was estimated in 2006 that the contribution of € 7 billion/year might generate a GDP increase of € 200 billion/year in the 2030s.[1] Proponents gave the intangible incentive to face the intrinsic complexity of international collaborations. Diversity introduces additional costs, but it facilitates addressing competitors in an even more diverse world. Changes triggered by research policy directly affect people and enterprises, which experience broader horizons and experience the advantages of international collaboration. This complements the institutional activities of the EU, building a community united in diversity capable of facing the challenges of a globalized world.[2]

To advise the European Commission on the overall strategy to be followed in carrying out the Information and Communication Technology thematic priority, the Information Society Technologies Advisory Group (ISTAG) was set up. It reflects and advises on the definition and implementation of a coherent policy for research in and on ICT in Europe.[3]

Instruments

FP projects are generally funded through instruments, the most important of which are listed below.

Integrated Project (IP)
Medium- to large-sized collaborative research projects funded in FP6 and FP7. They are composed of a minimum of 3 partners coming from 3 different countries from Associated states but can join several tens of partners. The typical duration of such projects is 3 to 5 years but there is not a defined upper limit. The budget granted by the Commission can reach several tens of million euros, paid as a fraction of the actual costs spent by the participants.[4]
IPs specifically aim at fostering European competitiveness in basic research and applied science with a focus on "addressing major needs in society" defined by the Priority Themes of the Framework Programme. Like STRePs (see below), IPs ask for a strong participation of small or medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to ascertain the translation of research results into commercially viable products or services.[5]
Network of Excellence (NoE)
Medium-sized research projects co-funded by the European Commission in FP6 and FP7. These projects are "designed to strengthen scientific and technological excellence on a particular research topic through the durable integration of the research capacities of the participants."[6]
NoE projects require the minimum participation of three different EU member nations, however, projects are usually expected to involve at least six countries.[7] Projects are provided grants for a maximum of seven years. The budget granted by the Commission is €1-6million per year depending upon the number of researchers involved.[7]
An NoE project should not strictly be considered as a research project, since its aim is not to conduct research, but rather to contribute to the clarification of the concepts in the covered field.[citation needed]
Specific Targeted Research Projects (STReP)
Medium-sized research projects funded by the European Commission in the FP6 and FP7 funding programs. STReP projects are composed by a minimum of 3 partners coming from 3 different countries from Associated states. The typical duration of such projects is 2 to 3 years and are generally involving between 6 and 15 partners. The budget granted by the Commission is usually around €2million.[citation needed]

The programmes

The framework programmes up until FP6 covered five-year periods, but from FP7 on, programmes will run for seven years. The Framework Programmes, and their budgets in billions of euros, have been and will be:[8]

Framework Programme period budget in billions
First 1984–1988 €3.75
Second 1987–1991 €5.396
Third 1990–1994 €6.6
Fourth 1994–1998 €13.215
Fifth 1998–2002 €14.96
Sixth 2002–2006 €17.883
Seventh 2007–2013 €50.521 over 7 years
+ €2.7 for Euratom over 5 years[9]
Eighth 2014–2020 €80 (estimated)[10]

FP6

The Sixth Framework Programme took place from 3 June 2002 until 2006.

BEinGRID

The largest project was BEinGRID (Business Experiments in Grid), started in June 2006 and concluded in 2009.[11]

AccessGrid

The Advanced risk assessment and management for trustable grids project (AccessGrid) project started in April 2006 and ended in March 2009.[12][13]

Access-eGov

The eGovernment-oriented Access-eGov project (Access to e-Government Services Employing Semantic Technologies) started in January 2006 and concluded in 2009.[14]

Akogrimo

The Access to KnOwledge through the GRId in a MObile World project (Akogrimo) project started in July 2004 and ended in October 2007.[15][16]

ARGUGRID

The Argumentation as a foundation for the semantic grid (ARGUGRID) project started in 2006 and ended 31 May 2009.[17][18]

SUPER

The Semantics Utilised for Process management within and between EnteRprises (SUPER) project started in April 2006 and ended 31 March 2009.[19][20]

ASG

The Adaptive Services Grid project did research on service-oriented architecture, completed on 28 February 2007.[21][22]

DAIDALOS

The Designing Advanced network Interfaces for the Delivery and Administration of Location independent, Optimised personal Services (DAIDALOS) project on mobile phone systems started in November 2003 with a second phase from 2006 to 2008.[23][24][25]

UbiSec&Sens

The Ubiquitous Security and Sensing in the European Homeland project studying wireless sensor networks started in January 2006 and ended in December 2008.[26][27]

Update

Understanding and Providing a Developmental Approach to Technology Education (Update), studied science and technology teaching from 2007 to 2009.[28]

FP7

The funding of the Seventh Framework Programme started in 2007.[9]

Parsifal

The Project Parsifal (Protection and Trust in Financial Infrastructures) began in September 2008 for 18 months. It supported the European Programme for Critical Infrastructure Protection (EPCIP) in the research area financial Infrastructure security.[29] Two workshops took place in Frankfurt in 2009.[30][31] The project yielded eight recommendations for further research, published by Springer in 2011 in the book "ISSE 2010 Securing Electronic Business Processes".[32] The project also contributed to the "Trust-terms ontology for defining security requirements and metrics".[32][33] The German DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung based its "Consultation on an Industrial Policy for the Security Industry" on results of Parsifal, among others, for the topic "5.1.c) Introducing the ethical/societal dimension in security technologies".[34]

CoMiFin

The project CoMiFin, running from September 2008 for 30 months, supplied "Communication middleware for monitoring financial CI".[35][36]

SecureChange

SecureChange (Security Engineering for Lifelong Evolvable Systems) is a research project with the objective to develop techniques and tools that ensure "lifelong" compliance to evolving security, privacy and dependability requirements for a long-running evolving software system.

EDENext

EDENext, Biology and control of vector-borne infections in Europe, is a research project dedicated to investigating the biological, ecological and epidemiological components of vector-borne diseases - particularly their introduction, emergence and spread - and the creation of new tools to control them. It was officially launched in March 2011 and brings together 46 partners from 22 countries.[37]

WEBINOS

webinos (Secure Web Operating System Application Delivery Environment) is an EU funded project aiming to develop a secure open source platform for Web applications and services that span a broad range of devices including mobile, tablet, desktop, home media (e.g. television sets) and in-car units. Webinos[38] was launched in September 2010 with over twenty partners spanning academic institutions, industry research firms, software firms, handset manufacturers and automotive manufacturers. The project is scheduled to run for three years as a “Service Platform” project under the EU FP7 ICT Programme.[39] webinos extends the web runtime with application programming interfaces that support 1. Discovery of local devices and services independent of the interconnect technology (e.g. WiFi, Bluetooth, USB, Firewire and ZigBee).[40] 2. Discovery of devices and services via social proximity through an extension of social networking concepts. 3. Access to local and remote services in a manner that masks details of interconnect technologies and network address translation. 4. Access to information on the context (user preferences, device status and capabilities, and the environment). Up to now webinos has produced five official reports Use Cases and Scenarios,[41] Requirements & developer experience analysis,[42] User expectations on privacy and security,[43] Industry landscape, governance, licensing and IPR frameworks,[44] The Open Governance Index.[45] In addition, the project has produced research papers and early technical demos.[46][47] In order to continue work when the EU project funding comes to an end webinos has announced plans to launch a webinos foundation to address this challenge, starting with an affiliate program aimed at attracting further participants to work on the specifications and open source platform.[48]

iProd

iProd (Integrated management of product heterogeneous data) is an FP7 project with the general aim to improve the efficiency and quality of the Product Development Process of innovative products by developing a flexible and service oriented software framework that, reasoning and operating on a well-structured knowledge, will be the backbone of the computer systems associated with current and new product development processes. iProd addresses PDP in a general way for manufacturing companies, but wants to prove the approach and methodologies in three well defined application areas, i.e., the aerospace, the automotive and the home appliances industries. These three areas generate the largest impact in European economy and are here addressed as the main targets for the iProd application.

See also

References

  1. ^ Muldur, U., et al., “A New Deal for an Effective European Research Policy,” Springer 2006 ISBN 978-1-4020-5550-8 [1]
  2. ^ Stajano, A. "Research, Quality, Competitiveness. EU Technology Policy for the Knowledge-based Society," Springer 2009 ISBN 978-0-387-79264-4 [2]
  3. ^ ISTAG website
  4. ^ CORDIS reference page [3]
  5. ^ Provisions for Implementing Integrated Projects
  6. ^ "What is FP6: Instruments: Network of Excellence". European Commission. Retrieved 2009-06-22.
  7. ^ a b "Provisions for Implementing Networks of Excellence", cordis.europa.eu, retrieved 25-06-2009
  8. ^ Artis, M. J. and F. Nixson, Eds. "The Economics of the European Union: Policy and Analysis" (4th ed.), Oxford University Press 2007
  9. ^ a b "How is FP 7 structured? from FP7 in Brief". European Commission. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  10. ^ Grove, Jack "'Triple miracle' sees huge rise in EU funds for frontier research", Times Higher Education, 28 July 2011
  11. ^ "Business Experiments in Grid". web site. 2009. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  12. ^ "AccessGrid - Advanced risk assessment and management for trustable grids". web site. 2009. Archived from the original on 2 January 2009. Retrieved 31 July 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ "AccessGrid: project fact sheet". IST-2005-2.5.4 Advanced Grid Technologies, Systems and Services web site. 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  14. ^ "Access-eGov". web site. 2009. Retrieved 19 August 2011.
  15. ^ "Akogrimo:: Access to Knowledge through the Grid in a mobile World". web site. 2009. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  16. ^ "AKOGRIMO: project fact sheet". IST-2002-2.3.2.8 Grid based systems for complex problem solving web site. 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  17. ^ "ARGUGRID". web site. 2009. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  18. ^ "ARGUGRID: project fact sheet". IST-2005-2.5.4 Advanced Grid Technologies, Systems and Services web site. 2009. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  19. ^ "SUPER Integrated Project". web site. 2009. Retrieved 9 August 2011.
  20. ^ "SUPER: project fact sheet". IST-2004-2.4.7 Semantic-based Knowledge and Content Systems web site. 2009. Retrieved 9 August 2011.
  21. ^ "Welcome to the homepage of the Adaptive Services Grid (ASG) project". 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  22. ^ "Implementing a semantic service provision platform: Concepts and Experiences" (PDF). Wirtschaftsinformatik. 2008 (1): 16–24. 23 October 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2011. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  23. ^ "FP6 IST Integrated Project DAIDALOS". web site. 2009. Archived from the original on 8 September 2009. Retrieved 31 July 2011. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 2 May 2009 suggested (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ "DAIDALOS: project fact sheet". IST-2002-2.3.1.4 Mobile and wireless systems beyond 3G web site. 2008. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  25. ^ "DAIDALOS II: project fact sheet". IST-2004-2.4.5 Mobile and Wireless Systems and Platforms Beyond 3G web site. 2008. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  26. ^ "UbiSec&Sens". web site. 2009. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  27. ^ "UbiSec&Sens: project fact sheet". IST-2004-2.4.3 Towards a global dependability and security framework web site. 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  28. ^ "Update". web site. 24 November 2008. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
  29. ^ Protection and trust in financial infrastructures (PARSIFAL) European Commission ICT Research in FP7
  30. ^ 2nd Parsifal Workshop "Securing the Future Critical Financial ICT-Infrastructure", 1 December 2009
  31. ^ European Central Bank Gertrude Tumpel-Gugerell, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, opening speech of a PARSIFAL-workshop 16–17 March 2009
  32. ^ a b ISSE 2010 Securing Electronic Business Processes ed. Norbert Pohlmann, Helmut Reimer, Wolfgang Schneider, Vieweg&Teubner Verlag | Springer Fachmedien 2011
  33. ^ Trust-terms ontology for defining security requirements and metrics Association for Computing Machinery (acm) 2011, quote: "Security and privacy, accountability and anonymity, transparency and unobservability: these terms and more are vital elements for defining the overall security requirements---and, thus, security measurability criteria---of systems. However, these distinct yet related concepts are often substituted for one another in our discussions on securing trustworthy systems and services. This is damaging since it leads to imprecise security and trust requirements. Consequently, this results in poorly defined metrics for evaluating system security. This paper proposes a trust-terms ontology, which maps out and defines the various components and concepts that comprise ICT security and trust. We can use this ontology tool to gain a better understanding of their trust and security requirements and, hence, to identify more precise measurability criteria."
  34. ^ Empfehlung: Antwortvorlage zur „Consultation on an Industrial Policy for the Security Industry“ p. 11, DIN German Institute for Standardization 6 May 2011
  35. ^ CoMiFin (Communication Middleware for Monitoring Financial Critical Infrastructure) comifin.eu
  36. ^ CoMiFin Project Overview PARSIFAL workshop Frankfurt March 17th 2009 ELSAG DATAMAT 2009
  37. ^ EDENext, Biology and of vector-borne infections in Europe
  38. ^ Project Fact Sheet
  39. ^ European Commission ICT Research in FP7
  40. ^ webinos local discovery plugin
  41. ^ webinos report: Use Cases and Scenarios
  42. ^ webinos report: Requirements & developer experience analysis
  43. ^ webinos report: User expectations on privacy and security
  44. ^ webinos report: Industry landscape, governance, licensing and IPR frameworks
  45. ^ The Open Governance Index
  46. ^ "Here's Johnny: a Methodology for Developing Attacker Personas"
  47. ^ Webinos discovery plugin
  48. ^ webinos Affiliates Program
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