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USB 3.0

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USB 3.0
The Super-Speed USB Logo
Type USB
Production history
Designed 12, 2008
Manufacturer Various
General specifications
Width 1
Data
Data signal Yes
"SuperSpeed" redirects here. For the superpower, see list of superhuman features and abilities in fiction.

USB 3.0 is the third major revision of the Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard for computer connectivity.

USB 3.0 has transmission speeds of up to 5 Gbit/s, which is 10 times faster than USB2.0 (480 Mbit/s). USB 3.0 significantly reduces the time required for data transmission, reduces power consumption, and is backwards compatible with USB 2.0. The USB 3.0 Promoter Group announced on 17 November 2008 that the specification of version 3.0 had been completed and had made the transition to the USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF), the managing body of USB specifications.[1] This move effectively opened the specification to hardware developers for implementation in future products.

The first USB 3.0 consumer products were announced and shipped by Buffalo Technology in November 2009, while the first certified USB 3.0 consumer products were announced 5 January 2010, at the Las Vegas Consumer Electronics Show (CES), including two motherboards by ASUS and Gigabyte Technology.[2][3]

Manufacturers of USB 3.0 host controllers include, but are not limited to, Renesas Electronics, Fresco Logic, Asmedia, Etron, VIA Technologies, Texas Instruments, NEC and Nvidia. As of November 2010, Renesas is the only company to have passed USB-IF certification, although motherboards for Intel's Sandy Bridge processors have been seen with Asmedia and Etron host controllers. On October 28, 2010 Hewlett-Packard released the HP Envy 17 3D featuring a Renesas USB 3.0 Host Controller several months before some of their competitors. AMD is working with Renesas to add its USB 3.0 implementation into its chipsets for its 2011 platforms. At CES2011 Toshiba unveiled a laptop called "Toshiba Qosmio X500" that included USB 3.0 and Bluetooth 3.0, and a new series of Sony VAIO laptops that will include USB 3.0. As of April 2011 the Inspiron and Dell XPS series are available with USB 3.0 ports.

Apple Inc. is the only major computer manufacturer without USB 3.0 equipped computers as of August 2011, opting to use another standard called Thunderbolt instead. [citation needed]

Features

A new feature is the "SuperSpeed" bus, which provides a fourth transfer mode at 5.0 Gbit/s. The raw throughput is 4 Gbit/s, and the specification considers it reasonable to achieve 3.2 Gbit/s (0.4 GB/s or 400 MB/s), or more,

Availability

Adding to existing equipment

USB 3.0 support can be added to existing laptop computers with only USB 2.0 and Expresscard support by using an Expresscard-to-USB 3.0 adapter to supply USB 3.0 signal support. The Expresscard cannot itself deliver power, which must be derived from a USB 2.0 port or an external power supply. Possibilities, depending upon connectors on devices, include:

  • Some Expresscard-to-USB 3.0 adapters can be connected by a cable to a USB 2.0 port on the computer, which supplies power
  • A cable plugs into the drive and has two USB connectors, one to the USB 3.0 port (signal) and one to a USB 2.0 port (power).
  • If the external device has an appropriate connector, it can be powered by an external power supply.

USB 3.0 support can be added as an expansion card to a desktop motherboard with PCI Express. (Similar cards are available for the older PCI standard, but few are available and they are more expensive.) If faster connections to storage devices are the reason to consider USB 3.0, an alternative is to use instead storage devices using eSATAp and add an inexpensive bracket adding an eSATAp port to the motherboard. Some external drives support both USB (2.0 or 3.0) and eSATAp with an exchangeable adapter, so the same drive can be used with a USB 3.0 laptop.[3] To ensure compatibility between motherboards and peripherals, all USB-certified devices must be approved by the USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF). At least one complete end-to-end test system for USB 3.0 designers is on the market.[4]

On 5 January 2010, USB-IF announced the first two certified USB 3.0 motherboards, one by Asus and one by Gigabyte.[3][5] Previous announcements included Gigabyte's October 2009 list of seven P55 chipset USB 3.0 motherboards,[6] and an ASUS motherboard that was cancelled before production.[7]

Left-hand side connectors on a Lenovo X220. left to right, top to bottom: USB 3.0 host, VGA connector, DisplayPort connector, ExpressCard slot, USB2.0 host, radio kill switch. Note the extra connectors on the USB 3.0 host.

Commercial controllers were expected to enter into volume production in the first quarter of 2010.[8] On 14 September 2009, Freecom announced a USB 3.0 external hard drive.[9] On January 4, 2010, Seagate announced a small portable HDD with PC Card targeted for laptops (or desktop with PC Card slot addition) at the CES in Las Vegas Nevada.[10][11]

Drivers are under development for Windows 7, but support was not included with the initial release of the operating system.[12] However, drivers are available for Windows through manufacturer websites. The Linux kernel has supported USB 3.0 since version 2.6.31, which was released in September 2009.[13][14][15]

Intel decided not to support USB 3.0 until 2011,[16] which will slow down mainstream adoption. These delays may be due to problems in the CMOS manufacturing process,[17] a focus to advance the Nehalem platform,[18] a wait to mature all the 3.0 connections standards (USB 3.0, PCIe 3.0, SATA 3.0) before developing a new chipset,[19][20] or a tactic by Intel to boost its new Thunderbolt interface.[21] Current AMD road maps indicate that the new southbridges released in the beginning of 2010 will not support USB 3.0.[17]

Speed issues

There have been many reports of USB 3.0 equipment only transferring data at USB 2.0 speed, usually with a message "This USB Mass Storage Device can transfer information faster if you connect it to a Super-Speed USB 3.0 port". This has been due to several causes, including drivers, certain cables specified as USB 3.0 (problems disappeared when a different cable was used), order of starting equipment, equipment needing to be disconnected and reconnected, and overclocked computers.[22]

Pinouts

File:Usb3.jpg
Connectors


USB 3.0 pinouts[23]
Pin Color Signal name
('A' connector)		 Signal name
('B' connector)
1 Red VBUS
2 White D−
3 Green D+
4 Black GND
5 Blue StdA_SSRX− StdA_SSTX−
6 Yellow StdA_SSRX+ StdA_SSTX+
7 Shield GND_DRAIN
8 Purple StdA_SSTX− StdA_SSRX−
9 Orange StdA_SSTX+ StdA_SSRX+
Shell Shell Shield

See also

References

  1. ^ "USB‐IF" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  2. ^ "First Certified USB 3.0 Products Announced". PC World. 2010-01-07. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  3. ^ a b c SuperSpeed USB Consumer Cert Final 2 (PDF), USB‐IF.
  4. ^ "USB 3". Lecroy. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  5. ^ Both Gigabyte and Asus claimed the "first" USB 3.0 motherboard, Gigabyte, USA, 2010 January 4 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)[dead link] and Asus, USA, 2010 January 6 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help), while the official announcement (PDF), USB-IF, 2010 January 5 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help).
  6. ^ Gibabyte, TW[dead link].
  7. ^ "Asus cancels its first usb 3.0 motherboard". The Inquirer. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  8. ^ "Digitimes". 2009-04-15. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  9. ^ "Freecom.com". Retrieved 2010-06-22.[dead link]
  10. ^ Ngo, Dong (2010-01-05). "Seagate ships USB 3.0-based external hard-drive kit for laptops | CES". CNET. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  11. ^ "BlackArmor PS 110 with USB 3.0 | Portable Hard Drive for Business with Backup Software". Seagate. Retrieved 2010-06-22. [dead link]
  12. ^ "USB in MS Windows 7 more reliable, but no 3.0 speed boost". APC Mag. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  13. ^ "Kernel newbies". 2009-09-09. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  14. ^ "Erste USB 3.0 Treiber". DE: Heise. 2009-12-03. Retrieved 2010-06-22. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ "First driver for USB 3.0". Linux magazine. 2009-06-09. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  16. ^ "EE Times". Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  17. ^ a b Spekulationen über Verzögerungen bei USB 3.0 (in German), DE: Heise
  18. ^ Paul Mah (2009-10-23). "Fiercecio.com". Fiercecio.com. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  19. ^ "FAQ — PCI Express 3.0". PCI SIG. 2009-07-01. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  20. ^ "PCIe 3.0 Specification Coming Soon". Enterprise storage forum. 2010-05-05. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  21. ^ "Intel delays USB 3.0 support until 2011". Techspot. 2009-10-22. Retrieved 2010-06-22.
  22. ^ USB 3.0 with "The Device can perform Faster", Tom's hardware.
  23. ^ "USB 3.0 Interface Bus, Cable Diagram". 100806 interfacebus.com
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