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Citation Style Language

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The Citation Style Language (CSL) is an open XML-based language to describe the formatting of citations and bibliographies. Reference management programs that support CSL include Zotero and Mendeley.

History

CSL was originally created by Bruce D'Arcus for use with OpenOffice,[1][2] using an XSLT-based "CiteProc" CSL processor. The CSL language was further developed in collaboration with Zotero developer Simon Kornblith. First released in 2006, Zotero became the first application to use CSL. Members of the Zotero user community subsequently contributed the majority of CSL styles currently available online at the Zotero Style Repository. In 2008 Mendeley appeared, becoming the second reference manager to use CSL.

The versioned releases of CSL are CSL 0.8 (released March 21, 2009), CSL 0.8.1 (February 1, 2010) and CSL 1.0 (March 22, 2010). CSL 1.0, developed by D'Arcus, Frank Bennett and Rintze Zelle, represented a major overhaul of the CSL language, introducing many new features and improved project documentation.

Software Support

Zotero 2.0.x and Mendeley versions prior to 0.9.8 support CSL 0.8.1, whereas Zotero 2.1 and the latest Mendeley releases support CSL 1.0 by integrating the CSL 1.0-compatible JavaScript citeproc-js CSL processor. citeproc-hs is a CSL 1.0-compatible CSL processor written in Haskell. Other "CiteProc" CSL processors, in various states of completeness, have been written in PHP, Python, and Ruby.[3]

Styles

The Zotero Style Repository is currently the main repository for CSL styles with over a thousand CSL 0.8.1 styles. CSL 0.8.1 styles can be automatically updated to the CSL 1.0 format.[4]

References

  1. ^ CiteProc at OpenOffice Bibliographic Project. http://bibliographic.openoffice.org/citeproc/index.html
  2. ^ OpenOffice Bibliographic Project. http://bibliographic.openoffice.org/
  3. ^ Jakob Voß (May 2010), "Quick introduction to the Citation Style Language (CSL)", Lightning Talk proposal European Library Automation Group Conference. http://www.slideshare.net/nichtich/voss-elag-csl2010
  4. ^ Update instructions to convert CSL 0.8.1 styles to the 1.0 format. http://citationstyles.org/downloads/upgrade-notes.html#updating-csl-0-8-styles

Other XML-based bibliographic metadata systems

  • OSBIB, another approach to using XML style files for bibliographic metadata
  • BiblioX, Peter Flynn's 2004 experiment in creating an XML-based system for formatting bibliographic citations and references using XSLT
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