Mobile virtual network operator

Mobile Virtual Network Operator - a company that does not own a licensed frequency spectrum, but resells wireless services under their own brand name, using another company's network. MVNOs are ubiquitous in Europe, and are just beginning to emerge in the United States.

One typical example is a UMM (Universal Music Mobile service). Typically, UMM services market voice, SMS as well as music based data services over the mobile wireless networks. Ussually the music applications are previews of new releases, music news, music event invitations and CD purchasing capabilities.

In relations to carriers and network operators

Depending on roles and relationship to the network operator, an MVNO can be defined as follows.

In general an MVNO is =

An entity or company that works independently of the operator and can set its own tariff structures with its own infrastructure such as MSC, HLR etc.. but lacks a radio access network..

An MVNO is an Enhanced Service Provider

An entity or company that operates independently of the network operator and can set its own tariff structures, but relies on the operator’s infrastructure for subscriber management i.e. does not have its own Mobile Switching Center(MSC) or Home Location Register (HLR) and also relies on the operator for its radio network

An MVNO is an Enhanced Reseller

An entity or company that resells the subscriptions of operators . They are primarily a distribution channel and in ussually sell subscriptions for more than 1 operator. While there is transparency to the operator the Enhanced Reseller offers its own branded packages .