Code forking
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Code forking is what occurs when code is taken by two different developers and developed independantly. The individual builds of the software constitute the forks which often do not share improvements and other changes made to other forks of the software.
Examples of this include the original Emule software ( http://emule-project.net ) and Emule Plus ( http://emuleplus.sourceforge.net/ ), which started as a mod of Emule and later stopped reintroducing their own updates into the official client. Instead they formed their own client and created a code fork.