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Windows Phone 7
Windows Phone logo
The Start screen of Windows Phone 7
The Start screen in Windows Phone 7.
DeveloperMicrosoft Corporation
OS familyWindows CE
Working stateIn development
PlatformsSilverlight, Microsoft XNA, Adobe Flash
Kernel typeWindows CE 6.0 R3 [1]
LicenseProprietary (Microsoft EULA)
Official websitewww.windowsphone7.com

Windows Phone 7 is the successor of the Windows Mobile 6.5 mobile operating system in development by Microsoft, scheduled for release by October 2010.[2][3][4][5] Microsoft's goal is to create a compelling and predictable user experience by redesigning the user interface, disallowing partners to modify or replace it, integrating the operating system with other services, and strictly controlling the hardware it runs on.[6] Microsoft officially unveiled Windows Phone 7 during Mobile World Congress 2010 (February 15)[7] in Barcelona and revealed additional details at MIX 2010. Microsoft released a technical preview version of Windows Phone 7 on 18 July 2010.[8]

History

Work towards a major Windows Mobile update began as early as 2004 under the project name Photon.[9] Due to delays caused by mismanagement, the project was scrapped in 2008, and the Windows Mobile team reorganized. Microsoft then started from scratch to make a new mobile operating system, which became known as Windows Phone.[10] Windows Phone 7 was initially intended to be released during 2009, but several delays prompted Microsoft to develop Windows Mobile 6.5 as an interim release.[11] In September, 2009, Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer said that he wished Windows Phone 7 was on the market already, but Microsoft had "screwed up".[11]

Because of its late change in direction, Microsoft said that Windows Phone 7 was developed under an accelerated timeframe. Existing Windows Mobile applications do not run on Windows Phone 7, and Microsoft blamed this on the rushed development schedule.[12] "This product was delivered in an incredibly accelerated timeframe," Larry Lieberman, senior product manager for Microsoft’s Mobile Developer Experience, told eWeek. "If we’d had more time and resources, we may have been able to do something in terms of backward compatibility."[12]

At a July 2010 meeting, Steve Ballmer told financial analysts they should temper their initial expectations for Windows Phone 7's market success, saying "I think it's fair to say we've got a lot of work to do".[13] Windows Phone 7 is scheduled for released in Europe in October and the US in November of 2010 as well as Asian countries sometime in 2011.[14][15]

Deutsche Bank estimates that Microsoft's marketing budget for the Windows Phone 7 launch to be at least $400 million. In addition, Microsoft subsidized the engineering costs of handset manufacturers, as well as given financial support and revenue guarantees to software developers. Despite this, some handset manufacturers accepted payments only to later drop out of Windows Phone 7 development. Of the initial eight handset developers announced by Microsoft, Deutche Bank said there will only be three with "serious traction" at launch time, HTC, LG and Samsung.[16]

Features

User interface

The completely new user interface (UI), named "Metro", looks very similar to that of the Zune HD. The home screen (called the "Start screen") is made up of "tiles", which by default are links to important features, such as phone, music and videos, email, office, and contacts. The User can customize the tiles, delete them, or add their own - by pinning an application (or "experience"), media item, favorite contact, or almost anything to the Start screen, it becomes a tile.[17] Tiles are dynamic and update in real time. Tile contents are organized via "hubs" which combine both local and online content. Windows Phone 7 will have a more friendly touchscreen UI than previous Windows Mobile devices by using multitouch technology. Integration with popular social networks, such as Twitter, Facebook, and Windows Live will be included. Windows Phone 7 also features integration with Xbox Live, Zune, and Bing services. The default Windows Phone 7 user interface features a dark theme, thus improving energy efficiency on OLED screens screens, as dark pixels don't emit light.[18]

Windows Phone 7 does not allow users access to the central file system, a cornerstone of previous Windows Mobile versions. Instead, users can only store documents within the application they are using, rather than in a common space.[19]

Browser

Andy Lees, Microsoft's senior vice president of mobile communications, confirmed in an interview that the version of Internet Explorer Mobile on Windows Phone 7 would not support Adobe Flash at launch, citing "performance reasons."[20] Later, Adobe Systems released a statement to clarify, saying "developing Flash for Windows Phone 7 (and Adobe Systems) has been deeply involved with Microsoft."[21]. Since then, Adobe has announced that Flash 10.1 will be released for Windows Phone 7 within months after launch.[22] He also stated that the browser is "halfway between IE7 and IE8 rendering engine."[20] Its web browser will be a modified version of Internet Explorer 7, rather than being based on the current IE8.[23] Microsoft plans to regularly update IE Mobile independently from the "Windows Phone Update" system, meaning the browser will be able to automatically update itself and the layout engine.[24]

Xbox LIVE

Xbox Live on Windows Phone 7 will bring Console-like gaming experience to phones by displaying the user's avatar in a 3D fashion. The user will be able to interact with the avatar, view gamerscore and leaderboards, message Xbox Live friends, and Spotlight. Multiplayer(turn-based) gaming with live multiplayer will be released after launch.[25] Microsoft has unveiled more than 50 premium Windows Phone 7 Games titles at Gamescom that will make use of Xbox LIVE on mobile.[26]. They have also specified that Xbox LIVE on WP7 will not have real-time multiplayer games at launch, but is currently working on real-time multiplayer integration between Windows Phone 7 and Xbox 360 games.[27]

Zune

Windows Phone 7's media player is basically the Zune- its look and feel, functionality and the Zune Pass subscription support which allows unlimited music streaming.[28].

See also: Bing (search engine)

Microsoft's hardware requirements stipulate that every handset must have a dedicated hardwired 'Bing Button' on the front panel.[29] Bing will be the only default search engine on Windows Phone 7 handsets.[30] Though users cannot change the default to a different search engine, Microsoft said it would allow other search companies to build an app for Windows Phone 7 if they wished.[30][29] WP7 can also search Bing by voice using the TellME, this can be activated by clicking and holding the Windows Button.[31] There is no global search in Windows Phone 7, though hitting the search button while an app is loaded will result in local search in applications that choose to utilize this function.[32]

Software updates

A test notification of an "update available" pop-up in the Windows Phone 7 emulator.

According to Microsoft documentation, software updates will be delivered to Windows Phone users via Microsoft Update, as they are for desktop Windows users. The software component, called Windows Phone Update, exists both on the phone (for smaller updates, over-the-air) and in the Zune PC software (for larger updates, via USB connection). Users will be notified to attach their phones to a PC if such an update is required.[33] Charlie Kindel, Program Manager for the developer experience of Windows Phone, confirmed that the update infrastructure system for Windows Phone 7 was already set up and in place and that Microsoft is "in a position where we have the systems in place to effectively and reliably deliver updates to (Windows Phone 7) users".[34]

Unlike with Windows Mobile, Microsoft plans to use the update process and functionality in Windows Phone 7 effectively. Microsoft has talked about the idea of "Delighters" - updates that will be regularly rolled out over time to extend the platform in unique and interesting ways.[35] This confirms the rumors from May 2009, in which a Microsoft job ad explained that the Windows Phone team wanted to improve the update process for their mobile platform, and make it more seamless.[36]

All third-party applications can be updated automatically from the Windows Phone Marketplace application store.[37]

Advertising platform

Microsoft has highlighted its intention to make Windows Phone 7 into an advertising platform. Microsoft's General Manager for Strategy and Business Development, Kostas Mallios, said that Windows Phone 7 will be an "ad-serving machine", pushing advertising and brand related content to the user. The platform will feature advertising tiles near applications, and a sliding box known as Toast, which will bring updating advertising notifications. Mallios said that Windows Phone 7 will be able to "preserve the brand experience by going directly from the web site right to the application", and that Windows Phone 7 "enables advertisers to connect with consumers over time".[38] Mallios continued: "you're now able to push information as an advertiser, and stay in touch with your customer. It's a dynamic relationship that is created and provides for an ongoing dialog with the consumer."[39]

Technology publication The Register said that Microsoft's Toast is a radical departure from iAd and Google's web ads, in that it will push advertisements to Windows Phone 7 users even when there are no browsers or applications running.[40]

Missing features

Microsoft said that when Windows Phone 7 is initially released, the operating system will not be "feature complete".[41] Microsoft said that it will complete features and add them through updates when they are complete with a high degree of quality.[42]

Features missing in Windows Phone 7 at launch are:

  • Microsoft hardware specifications mandate that all Windows Phone 7 handsets include an electronic compass.[46] However, the compass feature will not be working at release time, as the compass API is not complete, and software programmers will not be able to access it.[47][48]
  • The networking API does not give access to sockets, preventing Voice over IP applications such as Skype from operating on Windows Phone 7.[49] At MIX10, Microsoft's Istvan Cseri spoke about 3rd party access to sockets:
"We are offering HTTP and multiple flavours of web client frameworks and APIs for that...in this release, we are not going to have direct socket access...it is going to come at a later time."[50]
  • IPsec virtual private network (VPN) security was supported in Windows Mobile, but will not be supported in Windows Phone 7.[51]
  • Microsoft has decided that data access via Removable SD Card and PC Tethering, both of which were supported in Windows Mobile, will not be supported in Windows Phone 7 in the interest of data security which appeals to enterprise users.[52]
  • There is no universal in-box to view multiple email accounts.[53]
  • Although Windows Mobile 6.5 had full multitasking, Microsoft has decided not to allow 3rd party multitasking in Windows Phone 7 until as it stated they can execute it well enough in a fashion which won't affect user experience which in this release they deem essential for its success.[54] Windows Phone 7 will only allow one application to run in the foreground at one time, and no 3rd party apps will be allowed to run in the background, but the state of the application is saved so the application does not restart when the user returns to it unless they open more apps that require heavy system resources in which case the app will be notified of its termination and it can save its own state (if its developer implemented that).[55] The lack of multitasking also prevents inter-application communication between third-party apps.[56]
  • The browser (based on the desktop version of IE 7) in Windows Phone 7 will not support Flash, Silverlight and HTML5 at launch. Though Flash has been confirmed to be coming to the platform, no such confirmation has been made for Silverlight or HTML5.[58]
  • There is no Native Development Kit (NDK), used by software developers to create native apps. Mozilla cited this as the reason it will not bring Firefox for mobile to Windows Phone 7.[59]
  • Windows Phone 7 does not have an application switcher (to switch between Microsoft applications).[60]
  • At launch, Windows Phone 7 will not have the ability to cut, copy, and paste. It will recognise telephone numbers and addresses, but Microsoft says the majority of users don't need 'cut, copy, and paste'.[61]

Application development

Windows Phone 7 application development will be based on Silverlight, XNA, and the .NET Compact Framework, and will only run applications that have first been approved by Microsoft and made available via the Windows Phone Marketplace.[62][63][64] The Silverlight version will be based on Silverlight 3, with some elements backported from Silverlight 4.[65] The primary tools used for development will be Microsoft's Visual Studio 2010 and Expression Blend.[64] More details about app development for Windows Phone 7 were released at the MIX10 conference on March 15, 2010.[66] [67]

Among the applications shown during Microsoft VP Scott Guthrie's keynote address were a Netflix search app and the Coding4Fun t-shirt cannon,[68] which is controlled by the phone's accelerometer and has a user interface designed by 352 Media Group.[69] It is speculated that Windows Phone 7 will launch with many of the titles from Xbox Live Arcade, as these are quite easy to port. Some of them will only require about 4 extra lines of code according to Oded Ran, head of Consumer Marketing for Windows Phone.[70] Microsoft created a new Business Development team under their company division, Microsoft Game Studios (MGS), to develop Microsoft games for Windows Phone 7.[71]. The company announced in August 2010 a list of Xbox Live integrated games that are available to Windows Phone 7.[72]

During initial launch, Windows Phone 7 will support 5 languages: English, French, Italian, German and Spanish and Windows Phone Marketplace will support the buying and selling of applications in 17 countries; Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, New Zealand, Singapore, Spain, Switzerland, UK and United States.[73]

Application restrictions

Microsoft will be enforcing certain restrictions on Windows Phone 7 applications, by preventing users from sideloading applications. Previously sideloading was permitted in Windows Mobile. This results in all applications having to pass through the Windows Phone Marketplace.[74][75] Users are free to sync whatever content they want to their phone or view any website from their web browser.

Applications containing pornography will be prevented from being installed on Windows Phone 7, as well as applications containing images that fit the definition of "sexually suggestive". Violence and all nudity will be censored from apps. Suggestions or depictions of prostitution, sexual fetishes, or basically anything that "a reasonable person would consider to be adult or borderline adult content" will be forbidden from Windows Phone 7 apps.[76] Microsoft elaborated that it would disallow apps containing "images that reveal nipples, genitals, buttocks, or pubic hair".[77]

Hardware requirements

Microsoft has said that it is issuing "tough, but fair" hardware requirements to manufacturers.[78] All Windows Phone 7 devices, at minimum, must include the following:[6][79]

Windows Phone 7 device requirements
Capacitive, 4-point multitouch screen
ARM v7 "Cortex/Scorpion" or better processor
DirectX9 rendering-capable GPU
256MB of RAM with at least 8GB of Flash memory
Accelerometer with compass, light, proximity sensor and Assisted GPS
5-megapixel camera or better with flash
FM radio tuner
6 dedicated hardware buttons - back, Start, search, camera, power/sleep and Volume Up and Down.[80]

Upgrading Windows Mobile 6 hardware

It was initially rumored that some Windows Mobile 6 phones that meet certain hardware requirements would be upgradeable to Windows Phone 7.[81] However, Microsoft's General Manager for Mobile Communication in Asia, Natasha Kwan, has been quoted saying that this will not be possible since no Windows Mobile 6 phone meets all the hardware requirements.[82] This was later confirmed at the MIX10 conference by Joe Belfiore (Corporate Vice-President and director of Windows Phone Program Management).[83] It was thought that HTC's HD2 would be upgradable to WP7 since it meets nearly all of the requirements, but since it doesn't have a few (such as the standard six button layout) it is not eligible for an upgrade.[84]

Naming

Windows Phone 7 is a rebranding of the old mobile platform by Microsoft known as Windows Mobile. At first, Microsoft announced the new platform as "Windows Phone 7 Series" which initially came under criticism as being too wordy and difficult to say casually. Responding to this, Microsoft announced on April 2, 2010 that the "Series" would be dropped from the name, leaving the platform named Windows Phone 7.[85][86] Microsoft's official statement on the matter was:

"Customers want a simpler way to say and use the name consistently. The important thing is keeping the focus on the Windows Phone brand, which we introduced in October and will continue investing in through Windows Phone 7 and beyond."

Relationship to Microsoft Kin phone

In June, 2010, Microsoft described Windows Phone 7 as a "close cousin" to the Microsoft Kin phone.[87] Both have similarities in the graphical user interface.

According to Microsoft:

"Both KIN and Windows Phone 7 share common OS components, software and services. We will seek to align around [sic] a single platform for both products as well as consistent hardware specifications."[87]

Microsoft said that the underlying fundamentals of Kin and Windows Phone 7 are held together by similar core technologies. Both Kin and Windows Phone 7 run the same Silverlight platform.[87] In May, 2010, Microsoft stated that over the long-term, Windows Phone 7 services would be merged with Kin.[88] However, Microsoft discontinued the Kin due to poor sales on June 30, 2010 (less than two months after its release).[89]

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