Circuit breaker design pattern
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Circuit breaker is a design pattern in modern software development.
It is a component that encapsulates logic of preventing a failure to reoccur constantly.
If your application connects to a database 100 times per second and the database fails you do not want to have the same error reoccur constantly. You also want to handle the error situation quickly and gracefully.
Circuit breaker is used to detect failure and stop trying to perform action that is doomed to fail until its safe to retry.