Quantum Turing machine

A quantum Turing machine (QTM), also a universal quantum computer, is an abstract machine used to model the effect of a quantum computer. It provides a very simple model which captures all of the power of quantum computation. Any quantum algorithm can be expressed formally as a particular quantum Turing machine; thus, quantum Turing machines have the same relation to quantum computation that normal Turing machines have to classical computation. Such computers were first proposed in a 1985 paper written by Oxford University physicist David Deutsch suggesting quantum gates could function in a similar fashion as traditional digital computing binary logic gates.<ref name="Deutsch1985">