GM High Feature engine
| High Feature V6 | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | General Motors |
| Also called | Alloytec V6 |
| Production | 2004– |
| Dimensions | |
| Dry weight | 168 kg (370 lb) (3.6 V6 High Feature engine)[1] |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | 54° V6 |
The 3600 LY7 (and derivative LP1) are members of General Motors' new High Feature (or HFV6) engine family of modern DOHC V6s. This new family of engines was introduced in 2004 with the Cadillac CTS. Holden sells the HFV6 under the name Alloytec. The High Feature moniker on the Holden produced engine is reserved for the twin cam phasing High output version. The block was designed to be expandable from 2.8 L to 4.0 L.
It is a 60° 24-valve design with aluminum block and heads and Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection. Most versions feature continuously-variable cam phasing on both intake and exhaust valves and electronic throttle control. Other features include piston oil-jet capability, forged and fillet rolled crankshaft, forged connecting rods, a variable intake manifold, twin knock control sensors and coil-on-plug ignition. It was developed by the same international team responsible for the Ecotec, including the Opel engineers responsible for the 54° V6, with involvement with design and development engineering from Ricardo, Inc.
High Feature V6 engines are produced at Fisherman's Bend in Port Melbourne, Australia, St. Catharines in Canada, and Flint Engine South in Flint, Michigan, United States.
History
The HFV6 was first designed, tested and produced in a joint team by Cadillac and Holden. A majority of design into the new alloy construction, transmission pairing and first use in production were all undertaken in Detroit (and manufactured in St Catherines). Holden had the job of developing smaller engines (Holden 3.2, LP1 and LP9 Turbo) as well as their own Holden 3.6 HFV6 (called the Alloytec V6) for local models.
Cadillac and Holden both tested variations of these engines in US and Australia. North America and Australia remain the only two places that manufacture the HFV6.
2.8
LP1
A 2.8 L (2792 cc) LP1 variant was introduced in the 2005 Cadillac CTS. It has a 3.50 in (89.0 mm) bore, a 2.94 in (74.8 mm) stroke, and a 10.0:1 compression ratio. The LP1 was built in Saint Catharines, Ontario.
Applications:
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005–2007 | Cadillac CTS | 210 hp (157 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto ftlbf @ 3300 rpm |
LP9 Turbo
The LP9 is a 2.8 L turbocharged version is used for the Saab 9-3 and other GM vehicles. It has the same bore and stroke as the naturally-aspirated LP1, however the compression ratio is reduced to 9.5:1. A twin-turbo ethanol-powered variant with 400 PS (294 kW; 395 hp) was developed for the Saab Aero-X concept car. GM Powertrain Sweden (Saab Automobile Powertrain) has been responsible for the turbocharging of the engine. The engine is built in Port Melbourne, Australia.
Applications:
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | Opel Vectra / Opel Signum | 227 hp (169 kW; 230 PS) | 243 ft⋅lbf (329 N⋅m) |
| 2005 | Opel Vectra OPC / Opel Signum OPC | 247 hp (184 kW; 250 PS) | 258 ft⋅lbf (350 N⋅m) |
| 2006–2008 | 276 hp (206 kW; 280 PS) | 262 ft⋅lbf (355 N⋅m) | |
| 2006- | Cadillac BLS | 252 hp (188 kW; 255 PS) | 258 ft⋅lbf (350 N⋅m) |
| 2006–2008 | Saab 9-3 Aero | 250 hp (186 kW; 253 PS) @ 5500 rpm | 258 ft⋅lbf (350 N⋅m) @ 2000 rpm |
| 2009 | 280 hp (209 kW; 284 PS) @ 5500 rpm | 295 ft⋅lbf (400 N⋅m) @ 2000 rpm | |
| 2008 | Saab 9-3 Turbo X | 280 hp (209 kW; 284 PS) @ 5500 rpm | 295 ft⋅lbf (400 N⋅m) @ 2000 rpm |
| 2009- | Opel Insignia | 256 hp (191 kW; 260 PS) @ 5500 rpm | 258 ft⋅lbf (350 N⋅m) @ 1900 rpm |
| 2009 | Saab 9-3 Aero Convertible | 280 hp (209 kW; 284 PS) @ 5500 rpm | 273 ft⋅lbf (370 N⋅m) @ 2000 rpm |
| 2010 | Cadillac SRX | 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS) | 295 ft⋅lbf (400 N⋅m) |
| 2009- | Opel Insignia OPC | 325 hp (242 kW; 330 PS) | 320 ft⋅lbf (434 N⋅m) |
3.0
LF1
The LF1 is a 3.0 litre version equipped with Direct Injection.
Applications:
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | Buick LaCrosse | 255 hp (190 kW; 259 PS) | 217 ft⋅lbf (294 N⋅m) |
| 2010 | Cadillac CTS | 270 hp (201 kW; 274 PS) @ 7000 rpm | 223 ft⋅lbf (302 N⋅m) @ 5700 rpm |
| 2010 | Cadillac SRX[2] | 265 hp (198 kW; 269 PS) @ 6950 rpm | 223 ft⋅lbf (302 N⋅m) @ 5100 rpm |
| 2010 | Chevrolet Equinox | 264 hp (197 kW; 268 PS) | 222 ft⋅lbf (301 N⋅m) |
| 2010 | GMC Terrain | 264 hp (197 kW; 268 PS) | 222 ft⋅lbf (301 N⋅m) |
| 2010 | Holden Commodore | 255 hp (190 kW; 259 PS) estimated | 213 ft⋅lbf (289 N⋅m) estimated |
3.2
Holden has built its own 3.2 L version of the High Feature engine in Australia. Branded with the Alloytec name like the 3.6 litre version, this version produces 227 hp (169 kW; 230 PS) at 6600 rpm and 297 N⋅m (219 lb⋅ft) at 3200 rpm. Fuel economy 4–6 km/liter in city, 7–9 km/liter on highway.[citation needed]
Applications:
- 2006 Daewoo Winstorm / Chevrolet Captiva / Holden Captiva
- 2006 Opel Antara / Daewoo Winstorm MaXX / Holden Captiva MaXX
Alfa Romeo
Alfa Romeo uses the High Feature engine design, though with many modifications, as the JTS V6. The Alfa unit features lean-burn technology as on many other engines from the company. It displaces 3.2 L (3195 cc) and has an output of 260 PS (190 kW; 260 hp) at 6200 rpm and 322 N⋅m (237 ft⋅lbf) torque, with gasoline direct injection allowing a high compression ratio of 11.25:1. The engine is also equipped with cam-phasing on both inlet and exhaust side, thus the name "TwinPhaser". Fuel economy 4–6 km/liter in city, 8–9 km/liter on highway.[citation needed]
Alfa Romeo only acquires the core designs and productions of the HFV6. It is then taken to their factory and modified for their performance, fuel economy and sound characteristics.
Applications:
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005- | Alfa Romeo 159 | 191 kW (260 PS; 256 hp) @6200 rpm | 322 N⋅m (237 lb⋅ft) @3800 rpm |
| 2006- | Alfa Romeo 159 Sportwagon | 191 kW (260 PS; 256 hp) @6200 rpm | 322 N⋅m (237 lb⋅ft) @3800 rpm |
| 2005- | Alfa Romeo Brera | 191 kW (260 PS; 256 hp) @6200 rpm | 322 N⋅m (237 lb⋅ft) @3800 rpm |
| 2006- | Alfa Romeo Spider | 191 kW (260 PS; 256 hp) @6200 rpm | 322 N⋅m (237 lb⋅ft) @3800 rpm |
3.6
LY7
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The 3.6 L (3564 cc) LY7 version was introduced in the 2004 Cadillac CTS sedan. It has a 10.2:1 compression ratio, a bore of 3.70 in (94.0 mm) and a stroke of 3.37 in (85.6 mm). Lower powered versions only have variable cam phasing on the inlet cam. Selected models also include variable intake. The engine weighs 370 lb (170 kg) as installed.
This engine is produced in several locations, including Saint Catharines (Ontario), Flint Engine South (Flint,MI), Melbourne (Australia), Ramos Arizpe (Mexico), and Suzuki (Japan).
A dual fuel 235 hp (175 kW) version able to run on petrol and autogas (LPG) has also been produced by Holden in Australia.
Applications:[3]
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004–2007 | Buick Rendezvous CXL/Ultra | 242 hp (180 kW) @ 6000 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3500 rpm |
| 2004–2007 | Cadillac CTS | 255 hp (190 kW) @ 6200 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3100 rpm |
| 2004–2009 | Cadillac SRX | 255 hp (190 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2800 rpm |
| 2004–2005 | Holden VZ Commodore | 235 hp (175 kW) @ 6000 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2800 rpm |
| 2006–2007 | 231 hp (172 kW) @ 6000 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2800 rpm | |
| 2004–2005 | Holden VZ Commodore SV6 | 255 hp (190 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2006–2007 | 255 hp (190 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm | |
| 2005–2008 | Buick LaCrosse CXS | 240 hp (179 kW) @ 6000 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2000 rpm |
| 2005–2007 | Cadillac STS | 255 hp (190 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2006–2007 | Holden VE Commodore Omega | 240 hp (179 kW) @ 6000 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2600 rpm |
| 2008– | 235 hp (175 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2400 rpm | |
| 2006– | Holden VE Commodore SV6 | 261 hp (195 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2600 rpm |
| 2006– | Holden WM Statesman | 262 hp (195 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2600 rpm |
| 2006– | Holden WM Caprice | 262 hp (195 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2600 rpm |
| 2006– | Holden Rodeo/Colorado | 211 hp (157 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2600 rpm |
| 2007–2008 | GMC Acadia | 275 hp (205 kW) @ 6600 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2007 | Pontiac G6 GTP | 252 hp (188 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2007–2009 | Saturn Aura XR | 252 hp (188 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2007–2008 | Saturn Outlook XE single exhaust | 270 hp (201 kW) @ 6600 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2007–2008 | Saturn Outlook XR dual exhaust | 275 hp (205 kW) @ 6600 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2008 | Buick Enclave | 275 hp (205 kW) @ 6600 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2008–2009 | Cadillac CTS | 263 hp (196 kW) @ 6400 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3100 rpm |
| 2008– | Chevrolet Malibu | 252 hp (188 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2008–2009 | Chevrolet Equinox Sport | 264 hp (197 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2300 rpm |
| 2008–2009 | Pontiac G6 GXP | 252 hp (188 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3200 rpm |
| 2008–2009 | Pontiac G8 | 256 hp (191 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2100 rpm |
| 2008–2009 | Pontiac Torrent GXP | 264 hp (197 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2300 rpm |
| 2008–2009 | Saturn Vue XR / Red Line | 257 hp (192 kW) @ 6500 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 2100 rpm |
LLT
The 3.6 liter (3564 cc) LLT is a direct injected version of the LY7. It was first unveiled in May 2006, and was claimed to have 15 percent greater power, 8 percent greater torque, and 3 percent better fuel economy than its port-injected counterpart. It has a compression ratio of 11.4:1, and has been certified by the SAE to produce 302 horsepower (225 kW) at 6300 rpm and Template:Auto ftlbf of torque at 5200 rpm on regular unleaded (87 octane) gasoline. This engine debuted on the 2008 Cadillac STS and CTS.[4][5] GM will use a LLT in all 2009 Lambda-derived crossover SUVs to allow class-leading fuel economy in light of the new Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. In the Lambdas, LLT engine produces 288 horsepower (215 kW) and Template:Auto ftlbf of torque.[6][7][8]
Applications:
| Year(s) | Model | Power | Torque |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008– | Cadillac CTS | 304 hp (227 kW) @ 6400 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 5200 rpm |
| 2008– | Cadillac STS | 302 hp (225 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 5200 rpm |
| 2009– | Buick Enclave | 288 hp (215 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3400 rpm |
| 2009– | Chevrolet Traverse single exhaust | 281 hp (210 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3400 rpm |
| 2009– | Chevrolet Traverse dual exhaust | 288 hp (215 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3400 rpm |
| 2009– | GMC Acadia | 288 hp (215 kW) | Template:Auto lbft |
| 2009– | Saturn Outlook single exhaust | 281 hp (210 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3400 rpm |
| 2009– | Saturn Outlook dual exhaust | 288 hp (215 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 3400 rpm |
| 2009– | Daewoo Veritas | ||
| 2010 | Buick LaCrosse | 280 hp (210 kW) @ 6300 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 4800 rpm |
| 2010 | Chevrolet Camaro | 304 hp (227 kW) @ 6400 rpm | Template:Auto lbft @ 5200 rpm |
| 2010 | Holden Commodore | 281 hp (210 kW; 285 PS) | 258 lb⋅ft (350 N⋅m) |
LCS
The 3.6 litre (3564 cc) LCS is derived from the direct-injected LLT for use in hybrids, using the two-mode system [9]. Differences from the LLT include a slightly lower compression ratio, 11.3:1, and lower power and torque peaks. It was to debut in the 2009 Saturn Vue Hybrid, where it would make 262 hp (195 kW) at 6100 rpm and Template:Auto ftlbf of torque at 4800 rpm. [10] Fuel economy 6–8 km/liter in city, 9–11 km/liter on highway Applications:
- 2009 Saturn Vue Hybrid [product canceled]
Suzuki
Suzuki builds the High Feature V6 at its Sagara, Japan plant for the Suzuki XL7 SUV under license from General Motors. Displacing 3.6 L, this engine produces 252 hp (188 kW) at 6500 rpm and Template:Auto ftlbf at 2300 rpm. Fuel economy 4–6 km/liter in city, 7–9 km/liter.
Applications:
- 2007-2009 Suzuki XL7
V12
On March 21, 2007 it was reported by AutoWeek that GM is planning to develop a 60-degree V12 based on this engine family to power the top version of Cadillac's upcoming flagship sedan. This engine would essentially consist of two 3.6 L High Feature V6s attached end-to-end on a single crankshaft, and would feature such high-end technologies as direct injection and cylinder deactivation. If so, the engine would displace 7.2 liters, and produce approximately 600 hp (447 kW) and Template:Auto ftlbf of torque. Development of the engine was reportedly being conducted in Australia by Holden. [11] Fuel economy 2–4 km/liter in city,5–7 km/liter.
In August, 2008, GM announced that development of the V12 had been canceled. [12]
See also
References
- ^ "Holden's new Alloytec engine may chew as much fuel as the engine it replaces". goauto.com.au. Retrieved 2009-06-23.
- ^ Abuelsamid, Sam (2009-01-04). "Detroit Preview: 2010 Cadillac SRX reborn". autoblog.com. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
{{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ http://media.gm.com/
- ^ Hellwig, Ed (2007-01-08). "Detroit Auto Show: 2008 Cadillac CTS". edmunds.com. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ Brennan, Reilly (2007-05-08). "Cadillac Ups STS Horsepower Rating To 302". nextautos.com. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ Engine - Power Curve
- ^ Engine - Power Curve
- ^ Engine - Power Curve
- ^ Model Information - Online Ordering Guide
- ^ http://media.gm.com/us/powertrain/en/product_services/2009a/HPT%20Library/HFV6/2009%2036L%20Hybrid_SAE.pdf
- ^ "AutoWeek Breaks Major Cadillac News in March 26 Issue" (Press release). prnewswire.com. 2007-03-21. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ^ "Cadillac cancels plans for V12 XLKS flagship sedan". autospies.com. 2008-08-21. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
External links
- Technical article from AutoSpeed
- GM Unveils New Direct Injection V-6 - Ward's Auto World.
- WebWombat article