End-user computing
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End User Computing can mean several things. However, given the intertwining of the computational into all advanced disciplines, any tool (inclusive of any type of capability related to a domain/discipline) that is provided by a computer becomes part of the methodology. As such, the issue arises about how open the tool is to scrutiny. Some disciplines require more understanding of the tool set than do others. That is, tools that are operataional in scope require less understanding than those that are ontological.
There are several issues related to End User Computing (iconic versus language interface, open versus closed, ...). These continue to be studied.
Examples of End User Computing are ICAD, SQL, ...