Fallopia convolvulus

This article is about the Eurasian/African plant known as wild buckwheat. For North American plant which shares the same common name, see Eriogonum.

Wild Buckwheat
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Magnoliophyta
Class:	Magnoliopsida
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Polygonaceae
Genus:	Fallopia
Species:	F. convolvulus
Binomial name
Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á.Löve

Wild Buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus, syn Polygonum convolvulus L., Bilderdykia convolvulus (L.) Dumont) is a fast-growing annual flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae. It is also known as Black Bindweed, Climbing Bindweed, and Corn Bindweed. It is native throughout Europe, Asia and northern Africa .

It is a herbaceous vine growing to 1-2 m long, with alternate triangular leaves 2-6 cm long. The basal lobes of the leaves are pointed at the petiole. The flowers are small, and greenish-pink to greenish white, clustered on racemes. These clusters give way to small triangular fruit, with one seed in each fruit .

Note that while it superficially resemble true bindweeds (genus Convolvulus) there are many notable differences; Wild Buckwheat has ocrea (stipule-sheath at nodes), which true bindweeds do not; bindweeds have conspicuous flowers typical of morning-glories while wild buckweed has flowers that are unobtrusive and only about 4 mm long .

Cultivation and uses

Wild Buckwheat seeds are edible, and were used in the past as a food crop, with remains found in Bronze Age middens . The seeds are too small and low-yielding to make a commercial crop, and it is now more widely considered a weed, occurring in crops, waste areas and roadsides. It is also an invasive species in North America .

Wild Buckwheat prefers cultivated land, but can survive on many different locales and soil types . It can be a damaging weed when it is growing in a garden or crop, as it can not only damage the plant it entwines itself around, but can also hinder mechanised harvesting.