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Volcanism of Java

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Mt. Semeru and Mt. Bromo in East Java

Java is almost entirely of volcanic origin, and contains numerous volcanoes, 20 of which have been active in recent historical times. As is the case for many other Indonesian islands, volcanoes have played a vital role in the geological and human history of Java. Indeed, land is created on Java as a result of lava flows, ash deposits, and mud flows (lahars). Volcanoes are a major contributor to the immense fertility of Java, as natural erosion transports volcanic material as alluvium to the island's plains, forming thick layers of fertile sediment. The benefit is not just in the immediate vicinity of the volcano, with fine ash emitted from eruptions being dispersed over wide areas.

Climbing volcanoes (and other mountains) is increasingly popular.

List of Volcanoes

Main article: List of volcanoes in Indonesia

This list is of volcanoes from the west of Java to the east. Local terminology and usage has the word Gunung (mount or mountain) precede the names

West Java

Central Java

East Java

  • Kelut Stratovolcano
  • Kawi-Butak Stratovolcanoes
  • Arjuno-Welirang Stratovolcano
  • Penanggungan Stratovolcano
  • Malang Plain Maars
  • Semeru Stratovolcano
  • Mount Bromo
  • Lamongan Stratovolcano
  • [Lurus Complex volcano][1]
  • Iyang-Argapura Complex volcano
  • Raung Stratovolcano
  • Ijen Stratovolcanoes
  • Baluran Stratovolcano

See also

References

  • Whitten, T, Soaeriaatmadja, R. E., Afiff, S. A., (editors), The Ecology of Java and Bali, Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd. 1996, Harcover, 969 pages, ISBN 962-593-072-8
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