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Virtual private server

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Virtual private servers are a means of splitting a single physical server into multiple virtual servers. Virtual private servers are sometimes called virtual dedicated servers. The practice of partitioning a single server so that it appeared as multiple servers was common practice in the days of mainframe computers, but have seen a resurgence lately, particularly in the web hosting industry, where virtual private servers fill a void between virtual_hosting and dedicated servers, allowing root-level access without requiring sole ownership of a server. They are also popular for their ability to establish sandboxes, allowing changes to be applied to a virtual server -- which could be a copy of the 'production' server -- to see if the changes applied will cause any adverse affects; others employ virtual private servers to provide a honeypot system.

Some commonly-used virtual private server platforms are as follows: 

User-mode Linux
Virtuozzo
vserver
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