Lists of synapsids

This list of synapsids is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the synapsida excluding mammals and purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomina dubia), or were not formally published (nomina nuda), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered synapsids.

The list currently contains 457 generic names.

Naming conventions and terminology

Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include:

• Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
• Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen.
• Nomen oblitum (Latin for "forgotten name"): A name that has not been used in the scientific community for more than fifty years after its original proposal.
• Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list.
• Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation, this term is not used on this list.

The list

Genus Authors Year Status Age Location Notes Admentophoneus Efremov 1954 Lapsus calami N/A N/A Lapsus calami of Admetophoneus. Admetophoneus Efremov 1954 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Aelurognathus Haughton 1924 Valid. Aelurosauroides Broom 1940 Valid. Aelurosauropsis Broom 1940 Valid. Aelurosaurus Owen 1881 Valid. Aerosaurus Romer 1937 Valid. Late Carboniferous - Lower Permian United States of America Agnosaurus Boonstra 1952 Valid. Akidnognathus Haughton 1918 Valid. Alopecodon Broom 1908 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Alopecognathus Broom 1915 Valid. Alopecopsis Broom 1920 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Theriognathus Alopecorhinus Broom 1912 Valid. Aloposauroides Brink Kitching 1953 Valid. Aloposaurus Broom 1910 Valid. Aneugomphius Broom Robinson 1949 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Theriognathus Angelosaurus Olsen Beerbower 1953 Valid. Upper Permian United States of America Angonisaurus Cox 1983 Valid.? Middle Triassic Tanzania May be synonym of Shansiodon Annatherapsidus Kuhn 1961 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Anningia Broom 1927 Nomen vanum Permian South Africa Declared to be a nomen vanum after a restudy of the type specimen. Anomocephalus Modesto Rubidge Welman 1999 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Anomodon Keyser 1975 Valid. Anoplosuchus Tchudinov 1968 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Antecosuchus Tatarinov 1973 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Anteosaurus Watson 1921 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Archaeosuchus Broom 1905 Valid. Archaeosyodon Tchudinov 1960 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Archaeothyris Reisz 1972 Valid. Late Carboniferous United States of America Archaeovenator Reisz Dilkes 2003 Valid. Upper Carboniferous United States of America Arctognathoides Boonstra 1934 Valid. Arctognathus Broom 1911 Valid. Arctops Watson 1914 Valid. Arctosuchus Broom 1911 Valid. Arnognathus Broom 1907 Valid. Aulacocephalodon Seeley 1898 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa Aulacephalodon Seeley 1898 Valid. Australosyodon Rubidge 1994 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa Avenantia Boonstra 1952 Valid. Baldwinonus Romer Price 1940 Valid. Late Carboniferous - Early Permian United States of America Barysoma Cox 1965 Valid. Basicranodon Vaughn 1958 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Bathyglyptus Case 1911 Valid. Bathygnathus Leidy 1853 Valid. Bauria Broom 1909 Valid. Baurioides Broom 1925 Valid. Belesodon von Huene 1936 Syn. N/A N/A Different growth stage of the genus Chiniquodon Biarmosuchoides Tverdokhlebova Ivakhnenko 1994 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Biarmosuchus Tchudinov 1960 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Bienotherium Young 1940 Valid. Lower Jurassic China Bienotheroides Young 1982 Valid. Middle-Late Jurassic China and Mongolia Biseridens Li Cheng 1997 Valid. Upper Permian China Bolotridon Coad 1977 Valid. Boreogomphodon Sues Olsen 1990 Valid. Late Triassic United States of America Brachycnemius Williston 1911 Valid. Brachyprosopus Olson 1937 Valid. Brachyuraniscus Broili Schroeder 1935 Valid. Brasilitherium Bonaparte Martinelli Schultz Rubert 2003 Valid. Late Triassic Brazil Brasilodon Bonaparte Martinelli Schultz Rupert 2003 Valid. Late Triassic Brazil Brithopus Kutorga 1838 Valid. Middle Permian Russia Broilius Toerien 1953 Valid. Broornosuchus Camp Taylor Welles 1942 Valid. Broomicephalus Brink Kitching 1953 Valid. Broomisaurus Joleaud 1920 Valid. Bullacephalus Rubidge Kitching 2003 Valid. Burnetia Broom 1923 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Calleonasus Kalandadze 1985 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Casea Williston 1910 Valid. Lower Permian France and United States of America Caseoides Olson Beerbower 1953 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Caseopsis Olson 1962 Valid. Cephalicustroidus Parrington 1974 Valid. Cerataelurus Broom 1931 Valid. Cerdodon Broom 1915 Valid. Cerdorhinus Broom 1936 Valid. Chaliminia Bonaparte 1980 Valid. Upper Triassic Brazil Chanaria Cox 1968 Valid. Charassognathus Botha Abdala Smith 2007 Valid. Charruodon Abdala Ribeiro 2000 Valid. Late Triassic Brazil Chelyodontops Cluver 1975 Valid. Chiniquodon von Huene 1936 Valid. Middle-Upper Triassic Argentina and Brazil Chiwetasaurus Haughton 1926 Valid. Chthomaloporus Tchudinov 1964 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Chthonosaurus Vjuschkov 1955 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Cistecephaloides Cluver 1974 Valid. Cistecephalus Owen 1876 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa, Zambia and India Clelandina Broom 1948 Valid. Clepsydrops Cope 1875 Valid. Late Carboniferous United States of America Colobodectes Modesto Rubidge Visser Welman 2003 Valid. Compsodon van Hoepen 1934 Valid. Cotylorhynchus Stovall 1937 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Crapartinella Mendrez 1975 Valid. Criocephalosaurus Kammerer Sidor 2002 Valid. Middle Permian Zimbabwe Cristonasus Surkov 1999 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Cromptodon Bonaparte 1972 Valid. Cryptocynodon Seeley 1895 Valid. Cteniosaurus Broom 1935 Valid. Ctenorhachis Hook Hotton 1991 Valid. Ctenospondylus Romer 1936 Valid. Cutleria Lewis Vaughn 1965 Valid. Cynognathus Seeley 1895 Valid. Lower-Middle Triassic South Africa and Argentina Cyonosaurus Olsen 1937 Valid. Cynosaurus Schmidt 1927 Valid. Daptocephalus van Hoepen 1934 Valid. Daqingshanodon Zhu 1989 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Dicynodon Deccanodon Nath Yadagiri 2007 Valid. Upper Triassic India Delorhynchus Fox 1962 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Delphaciognathus Broom 1932 Valid. Delphinognathus Seeley 1892 Valid. Deuterosaurus Eichwald 1860 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Diademodon Seeley 1895 Valid. Lower-Middle Triassic South Africa Diaelurodon Broom 1911 Valid. Dianzhongia Cui 1981 Valid. Lower Jurassic China Dicynodon Owen 1845 Valid. Upper Permian Gondwana and Lausaria Dicynodontoides Broom 1845 Valid. Digalodon Broom Robinson 1948 Valid. Diictodon Broom 1913 Valid. Upper Permian China and South Africa Dimacrodon Olson Beerbower 1953 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Dimetrodon Cope 1878 Valid. Early Permian United States of America Dinanomodon Broom 1938 Valid. Dinodontosaurus Romer 1943 Valid. Dinogorgon Broom 1936 Valid. Dinophoneus Broom 1923 Valid. Dinosaurus author author 19xx Valid. Dinosuchus Broom 1936 Valid. Dixeya Haughton 1926 Valid. Dolichuranus Keyser 1973 Valid.? Middle Triassic Zambia May be synonym of Shansiodon Doliosauriscus Kuhn 1961 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Replacement name for Doliosaurus Orlov, 1958 Doliosaurus Orlov 1958 Preocc. N/A N/A Preoccupied by lizard Doliosaurus Girard, 1858 (Sauria: Iguania) Dongusaurus Vjuschkov 1964 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Dragocephalus Brink Kitching 1953 Valid. Driveria Olson 1962 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Dvinia Amalitskii 1922 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Echinerpeton Reisz 1972 Valid. Ecteninion Martinez May Forster 1996 Valid. Upper Triassic Argentina Edaphosaurus Cope 1882 Valid. Late Carboniferous - Lower Permian Czech Republic and United States of America Edaxosaurus Kalandadze 1985 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Elatosaurus Kalandadze 1985 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Elcabrosaurus Case 1907 Valid. Elephantosaurus Vjuschkov 1969 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Elliotherium Sidor Hancox 2006 Valid. Upper Triassic South Africa Elliotsmithia Broom 1937 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa Embolophorus Cope 1878 Valid. Emydochampsa Broom 1912 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Endothiodon Emydops Broom 1912 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa and India Emydopsoides van Hoepen 1934 Valid. Emydorhynchus Broom 1935 Valid. Emydorhinus Broom 1935 Valid. Emyduranus Broom 1921 Valid. Endogomphodon Broom 1932 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Endothiodon Endothiodon Owen 1876 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa, Tanzania, Malawi and India Ennatosaurus Efremov 1956 Valid. Lower Permian Russia Eoarctops Haughton 1929 Valid. Eocyclops Broom 1913 Valid. Eodicynodon Barry 1974 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa Eosimops Broom 1922 Valid. Eosyodon Olson 1962 Valid. Upper Permian United States of America Eothyris Romer 1937 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Eotitanosuchus Tchudinov 1960 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Ericiolacerta Watson 1931 Valid. Early Triassic South Africa Eriphostoma Broom 1911 Valid. Esoterodon Seeley 1895 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Endothiodon Estemmenosuchus Tchudinov 1960 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Euchambersia Broom 1931 Valid. Eumantellia Broom 1935 Valid. Eurosaurus Eichwald 1860 Valid. Eurychororhinus Broili Schroeder 1935 Valid. Exaeretodon Cabrera 1943 Valid. Upper Triassic Brazil and Argentina Galechirus Broom 1907 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Galeops Broom 1912 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Galepus Broom 1910 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Galerhynchus Broom 1936 Valid. Galesaurus Owen 1859 Valid. Galesuchus Haughton 1915 Valid. Geikia Newton 1892 Valid. Glanosuchus Broom 1904 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Glaucosaurus Williston 1915 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Glochinodontoides Haughton 1924 Valid. Gorgodon Olson 1962 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Gordonia Newton 1893 Valid. Gorgonocephalus author author 19xx Valid. Gorgonops Owen 1876 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Habayia Godefroit 1999 Valid. Upper Triassic Belgium Haptodus Gaudry 1866 Valid. Late Carboniferous - Lower Permian United States of America and Europe Haughtoniana Boonstra 1938 Valid. Hazhenia Sun Hou 1981 Valid. Lower Triassic China Heuneus Toerien 1953 Valid. Hexacynodon Tatarinov 1976 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Hipposauroides Boonstra 1952 Valid. Hipposaurus Haughton 1929 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Hofmeyria Broom 1935 Valid. Hyenosaurus Broom 1935 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Theriognathus Ianthodon Kissel Reisz 2004 Valid. Ianthasaurus Reisz Berman 1986 Valid. Late Carboniferous United States of America Ianthosaurus Reisz Berman 1986 Sic N/A N/A Incorret spelling of Ianthasaurus Ictidognathus Broom 1911 Valid. Ictidopsis Broom 1912 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Thrinaxodon Ictidorhinus Broom 1913 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Ictidostoma Broom 1931 Valid. Ictidosuchoides Broom 1931 Valid. Upper Permian - Lower Triassic South Africa Ictidosuchops Broom 1938 Valid. Ictidosuchus Broom 1910 Valid. Idelesaurus Kurkin 2006 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Inostrancevia Amalitskii 1922 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Ischigualastia Cox 1962 Valid. Upper Triassic Argentina Ivantosaurus Tchudinov 1983 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Jachaleria Bonaparte 1971 Valid. Jacheleria Bonaparte 1971 Sic N/A N/A Incorrect spelling of Jachaleria Jimusaria Sun 1963 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Dicynodon Jonkeria van Hoepen 1916 Valid. Kannemeyeria Seeley 1908 Valid. Lower Triassic China, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Argentina If Rechnisaurus and Uralokannemeyeria are considered synonyms, the range also include Russia and India Kawingasaurus Cox 1972 Valid. Middle Permian Tanzania Kayentatherium Kermack 1982 Valid. Lower Jurassic United States of America Keratocephalus von Huene 1931 Valid. Kingoria Cox 1959 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Kitchingia Broom George 1950 Valid. Knoxosaurus Olson 1962 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Kombusia Hotton 1974 Valid. Upper Permian - Lower Triassic South Africa Koupia Boonstra 1948 Valid. Kunminia Young 1947 Nomen dubium Lower Jurassic China Possible synonym of Morganucodon Kunpania Sun 1973 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Dicynodon Kwazulusaurus Maisch 2002 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Lamiasaurus Watson 1914 Valid. Lanthanocephalus Modesto Rubidge Welman 2002 Preocc. N/A N/A Preoccupied by cnidarian Lanthanocephalus Williams & Starmer, 2000 Lanthanostegus Modesto Rubidge Welman 2003 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Replacement name by Lanthanocephalus Modesto, Rubidge & Welman, 2002 Lemurosaurus Broom 1949 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Leontocephalus Broom 1940 Valid. Leptotrachelus Watson 1921 Valid. Lobalopex Sidor Hopson Keyser 2004 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa Luangwa Brink 1963 Valid. Middle Triassic Zambia Lufengia Chow Hu 1959 Valid. Lower Jurassic China Lumkuia Hopson Kitching 2001 Valid. Lower Triassic South Africa Lupeosaurus Romer 1937 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Lycaenodon Broom 1925 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Lycaenodontoides Haughton 1929 Valid. Lycaenoides Broom 1925 Valid. Lycaenops Broom 1925 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa Lycideops Broom 1931 Valid. Lycosuchus Broom 1903 Valid. Lystrosaurus Cope 1870 Valid. Upper Permian - Early Triassic South Africa, Zambia, India, China, Mongolia, Russia, Antarctica, Australia and Laos Macrornerion Fritsch 1879 Valid. Madysaurus Tatarinov 2005 Valid. Massetognathus Romer 1967 Valid. Middle Triassic Brazil and Argentina Mastersonia Olson 1962 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Megacyclops author author 19xx Valid. Megawhaitsia Ivakhnenko 2008 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Melinodon Broom 1905 Valid. Mesenosaurus Efremov 1938 Valid. Lower Permian Russia Micranteosaurus Boonstra 1954 Valid. Micrictodon Broom 1937 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Thrinaxodon Microgomphodon Seeley 1895 Valid. Microsyodon Ivakhnenko 1995 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Microurania Ivakhnenko 1996 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Milosaurus DeMar 1970 Valid. Mnemeiosaurus Nopsca 1928 Syn. N/A N/A Synonymy of Deuterosaurus Molybdopygus Tchudinov 1964 Valid. Mormosaurus Watson 1914 Valid. Moschognathus Broom 1914 Valid. Moschoides Byrne 1937 Valid. Moschops Broom 1911 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Moschorhinus Broom 1920 Valid. Upper Permian - Lower Triassic South Africa Moschosaurus Haughton 1915 Valid. Moschowhaitsia Tatarinov 1963 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Mycterosaurus Williston 1915 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Myctosuchus Efremov 1937 Valid. Myosauroides Broom 1949 Valid. Myosaurus Haughton 1917 Valid. Lower Triassic South Africa and Antarctica Nanictocephalus Broom 1940 Valid. Nanictops author author 19xx Valid. Nanictosaurus Broom 1936 Valid. Nanocynodon Tatarinov 1968 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Nanogomphodon Hopson Sues 2006 Valid. Middle Triassic Germany Naosaurus Cope 1886 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Edaphosaurus Nasoplanites Surkov 1999 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Neomegacyclops Broom 1931 Valid. Neosaurus Nopsca 1923 Valid. Newtonella Broom 1937 Valid. Niaftasuchus Ivakhnenko 1990 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Nikkasaurus Ivakhnenko 2000 Valid. Nitosaurus Romer 1937 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Niuksenitia Tatarinov 1977 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Notaelurops Broom 1936 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Theriognathus Notosollasia Broom 1925 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Theriognathus Notosyodon Tchudinov 1968 Valid. Upper Permian Kazakhstan Nothogomphodon Tatarinov 1976 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Nova author author 19xx Valid. Odontocyclops Keyser Cruickshank 1979 Valid. Oedaleops Langston 1965 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Oligokyphus Henning 1922 Valid. Lower Jurassic China, England, Germany and United States of America Ophiacodon Marsh 1878 Valid. Late Carboniferous-Lower Permian United States of America Ordosia Hou 1979 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Ordosiodon Ordosiodon Young 1961 Valid. Lower Triassic China Oromycter Reisz 2005 Valid. Orthopus Kutorga 1838 Valid. Otsheria Tchudinov 1960 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Oudenodon Owen 1860 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa, Zambia, Madagascar, Malawi and India Oxyodon Huene 1908 Valid. Pachydectes Rubidge Sidor Modesto 2006 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Pachyrhinos Broili Schroeder 1934 Valid. Pachytegos Haughton 1932 Valid. Upper Permian Tanzania Palaeohatteria Credner 1888 Valid. Palemydops Broom 1921 Valid. Pantelosaurus von Huene 1925 Valid. Parabradysaurus Efremov 1954 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Paraburnetia Smith Rubidge Sidor 2006 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Paragalerhinus Sigogneau-Russell 1970 Valid. Parakennemeyeria Sun 1960 Valid. Lower-Middle Triassic China Paranteosaurus Boonstra 1954 Valid. Parascapanodon Boonstra 1955 Valid. Parathrinaxodon Parrington 1936 Valid. Pardocephalus Broom 1948 Valid. Parringtoniella Toerien 1953 Valid. Parvobestiola Surkov 1999 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Pascualgnathus Bonaparte 1966 Valid. Lower Triassic Argentina Patranomodon Rubidge Hopson 1990 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa Pedaeosaurus Colbert Kitching 1979 Valid. Upper Permian - Lower Triassic South Africa and Antarctica Pelanomodon Broom 1938 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Pelorocyclops van Hoepen 1934 Valid. Permocynodon Sushkin 1927 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Dvinia Phocosaurus Seeley 1888 Valid. Phoneosuchus Efremov 1954 Valid. Phreatophasma Efremov 1954 Valid. Middle Permian Russia Phreatosaurus Efremov 1954 Valid. Middle Permian Russia Phreatosuchus Efremov 1954 Valid. Middle Permian Russia Phthinosaurus Efremov 1954 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Phthinosuchus Efremov 1954 Valid. Placerias Lucas 1904 Valid. Platycraniellus van Hoepen 1916 Valid. Lower Triassic South Africa Platycyclops Broom 1932 Valid. Plintogomphodon Sues Olsen Carter 1999 Valid. Late Triassic United States of America Pnigalion Watson 1914 Valid. Poecilospondylus Case 1910 Valid. Polistodon He Cai 1984 Valid. Middle Jurassic China Porosteognathus Vjuschkov 1955 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Pravoslavleria Vjuschkov 1953 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Pristerodon Huxley 1868 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa and India Pristerognathus Seeley 1895 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Probelesodon Romer 1969 Syn. N/A N/A Different growth stage of the genus Chiniquodon Proburnetia Tatarinov 1968 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Procynosuchus Broom 1937 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Prodicynodon Broom 1904 Valid. Progalesaurus Sidor Smith 2004 Valid. Lower Triassic South Africa Prolystrosaurus Haughton 1917 Valid. Promoschorhynchus Brink 1954 Valid. Propelanomodon Toerien 1955 Valid. Prorubidgea Broom 1940 Valid. Protoclepsydrops Carroll 1964 Valid. Pseudanteosaurus Boonstra 1954 Valid. Pseudhipposaurus Boonstra 1952 Valid. Pyozia Anderson Reisz 2004 Valid. Middle Permian Russia Rabidosaurus Kalandadze 1970 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Rechnisaurus Roychodhury 1970 Valid.? Middle Triassic India Considered synonym of Kannemeyeria Regisaurus Mendrez 1972 Valid. Lower Triassic South Africa Reiszia Ivakhnenko 2000 Valid. Rewaconodon Datta Das Luo 2004 Valid. Late Triassic India Rhachiocephalus Seeley 1898 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Rhadiodromus Efremov 1951 Valid. Middle Triassic Russia Rhigosaurus Colbert Kitching 1979 Valid. Upper Permian - Lower Triassic South Africa and Antarctica Rhinocerocephalus Vjuschkov 1969 Valid. Rhinodicynodon Kalandadze 1970 Valid.? Middle Triassic Russia May be synonym of Shansiodon Rhopalodon Fischer 1841 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Rhopalorhinus Keyser 1973 Valid.? Middle Triassic Namibia May be synonym of Shansiodon Riebeeckosaurus Boonstra 1952 Valid. Robertia Boonstra 1948 Valid. Middle-Upper Permian South Africa Rubidgea Broom 1938 Valid. Rubidgina Broom 1942 Valid. Rusconodon Bonaparte 1970 Valid. Lower Triassic Argentina Sangusaurus Cox 1969 Valid. Sauroctonus Bystrov 1955 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Scalenodon Crompton 1955 valid. Middle Triassic Tanzania and Russia Scalopognathus Tatarinov 1974 Valid. Early Triassic Russia Scalopolacerta Mendrez Carroll 1979 Valid. Scaloposaurus Owen 1876 Valid. Scapanodon Broom 1904 Valid. Scylacops Broom 1913 Valid. Scoliomus Williston Case 1915 Valid. Scullya Broom 1929 Valid. Scylacorhinus Broom 1915 Valid. Scylacosaurus Broom 1903 Valid. Scylacosuchus Tatarinov 1968 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Scymnognathus Broom 1915 Valid. Scymnorhinus Bonaparte 1846 Valid. Scymnosaurus Broom 1903 Valid. Secodontosaurus Romer 1936 Valid. Sesamodon Broom 1905 Valid. Sesamondon author author 19xx Valid. Shaanbeikannemeyeria Cheng 1980 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Kannemeyeria Shansiodon Yeh 1959 Valid. Middle Triassic China Silphedosuchus Tatarinov 1977 Valid. Silphoictidoides von Huene 1950 Valid. Simorhinella Broom 1915 Valid. Sinognathus Young 1959 Valid. Middle Triassic China Sinokannemeyeria Young 1937 Valid. Middle Triassic China Sinophonus Cheng Li 1996 Valid. Upper Permian China Smilesaurus Broom 1948 Valid. Sphenacodon Marsh 1878 Valid. Late Carboniferous United States of America Stahleckeria von Huene 1935 Valid. Lower Triassic Brazil Stenocybus Cheng Li 1997 Valid. Upper Permian China Steppesaurus Olson Beerbower 1953 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Stereophallodon Romer 1937 Valid. Late Carboniferous-Early Permian United States of America Stereorhachis Gaudry 1880 Valid. Late Carboniferous France Striodon Sun 1973 Nomen dubium N/A N/A Striodon magnus is regarded as a nomen dubium, and its type specimen is identified as Dicynodon sp. Struthiocephaloides Boonstra 1952 Valid. Struthiocephalus Haughton 1915 Valid. Struthionops Boonstra 1952 Valid. Storthyggnathus Janesch 1952 Valid. Styracocephalus Haughton 1929 Valid. Suminia Ivakhnenko 1994 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Sycosaurus von Huene 1950 Valid. Synostocephalus Broili Schroeder 1935 Valid. Syodon Kutorga 1838 Valid. Tangagorgon Boonstra 1953 Valid. Taognathus Broom 1911 Valid. Tapinocaninus Rubidge 1991 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Tapinocephalus Owen 1876 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Tappenosaurus Olson Beerbower 1953 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Taurocephalus Broom 1928 Valid. Taurops Broom 1912 Valid. Tetraceratops Matthew 1908 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Tetracynodon Broom Robinson 1948 Valid. Upper Permian - Lower Triassic South Africa Tetragonias Cruickshank 1967 Valid.? Middle Triassic South Africa May be synonym of Shansiodon Theriognathus Owen 1876 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Theropleura Cope 1878 Valid. Thrausmosaurus Fox 1962 Valid. Thrinaxodon Seeley 1894 Valid. Lower Triassic South Africa and Antarctica Tigrisaurus Broom George 1950 Valid. Titanognathus Broili Schroeder 1935 Valid. Titanophoneus Efremov 1938 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Titanosuchus Owen 1876 Valid. Upper Permian South Africa Traversodontoides Young 1974 Valid. Middle Triassic China Trichasaurus Williston 1913 Valid. Trochosuchus Broom 1908 Valid. Trochosaurus Haughton 1915 Valid. Tropidostoma Broom 1915 Valid. Middle Permian South Africa Turfanodon Sun 1973 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Dicynodon Ulemica Ivakhnenko 1996 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Ulemosaurus Ryabinin 1938 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Uralocynodon Tatarinov 1987 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Uralokannemeyeria Danilov 1971 Valid.? Middle Triassic Russia Considered synonym of Kannemeyeria Uraniscosaurus Nopsca 1928 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Deuterosaurus Urumchia Young 1952 Valid. Lower Triassic China Varanodon Olson 1965 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Varanops Williston 1911 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Varanosaurus Broili 1904 Valid. Lower Permian United States of America Venjukovia Amaltskii 1922 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Viatkosuchus Tatarinov 1995 Valid. Vinceria Bonaparte 1969 Valid. Lower Triassic Argentina Wadiasaurus Roychodhury 1970 Valid. Middle Triassic India Wangwosaurus Young 1979 Valid. Watongia Olson 1974 Valid. Middle Permian United States of America Watsoniella Broili Schroder 1935 Valid. Whaitsia Haughton 1918 Syn. N/A N/A Synonym of Theriognathus Xiyukannemeyeria Liu Li 2003 Valid. Xyrospondylus Reisz Heaton Pynn 1982 Valid. Yikezhaogia Li 1984 Valid. Lower Triassic China Yunnania Cui 1976 Preocc. N/A N/A Preoccupied by gastropod Yunnania Mansuy, 1912 Yunnanodon Cui 1986 Valid. Lower Jurassic China Replacement name by Yunnania Cui, 1976 Zambiasaurus Cox 1969 Valid. Lower Triassic Zambia Zopherosuchus Tchudinov 1983 Valid. Upper Permian Russia Zorillodontops Cluver 1969 Valid.		Aelurognathus. Aloposaurus. Anomocephalus. Anteosaurus. Archaeovenator. Aulacocephalodon. Bauria. Biarmosuchus. Casea. Charassognathus. Cistecephalus. Clelandina. File:Cotylorhynchus BW.jpg Cotylorhynchus. File:Ctenospondylus BW.jpg Ctenospondylus. Cyonosaurus. Deuterosaurus. Dicynodon. Diictodon. Dimetrodon. File:MUSEU3X.JPG Dinodontosaurus. Dinogorgon. Edaphosaurus. Endothiodon. Ennatosaurus. Eodicynodon. Eotitanosuchus. Ericiolacerta. Estemmenosuchus. Galepus. Gorgonops. Haptodus. Ianthasaurus. Inostrancevia. Ischigualastia. Jonkeria. Kannemeyeria. Keratocephalus. Kingoria. Lemurosaurus. Lycaenops. Lycosuchus. Lystrosaurus. Microurania. Moschops. Moschorhinus. Mycterosaurus. Nikkasaurus. File:Oedaleops2db.jpg Oedaleops. Ophiacodon. Paraburnetia. Placerias. Pristerognathus. Rabidosaurus. Regisaurus. Robertia. File:Sauroctonus scull.jpg Sauroctonus. Secodontosaurus. Sesamodon. Sinokannemeyeria. Sphenacodon. Sthalekeria. Struthiocephalus. Styracocephalus. Suminia. Tetraceratops. Theriognathus. Thrinaxodon. Titanosuchus. Ulemosaurus. Varanodon.

See also

• Synapsid
• List of prehistoric mammals

External links

• Main Groups of Non-Mammalian Synapsida