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Web Compatibility Test for Mobile Browsers

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Web Compatibility Test for Mobile Browsers
Type of site
Web standards test
OwnerThe World Wide Web Consortium
URLwww.w3.org/2008/06/mobile-test/
Commercialno
Registrationnone

Web Compatibility Test for Mobile Browsers (often Mobile Acid test) is a test page published and promoted by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to expose web page rendering flaws in mobile web browsers and other applications that render HTML. It was developed in the spirit of Acid1, a relatively narrow test of compliance with the Cascading Style Sheets 1.0 (CSS1) standard, and was released on April 13, 2005. Like Acid1, an application passes the test if the way it displays the test page matches a reference image.

Acid2 tests aspects of HTML markup, CSS 2.1 styling, PNG images, and data URIs. The Acid2 test page will be displayed correctly in any application that follows the World Wide Web Consortium and Internet Engineering Task Force specifications for these technologies. These specifications are known as web standards because they describe how technologies used on the web are expected to function.

While at the time of Acid2's release no web browser passed the test, Acid2 was designed with Microsoft Internet Explorer particularly in mind. The creators of Acid2 were dismayed that Internet Explorer did not follow web standards and because of this Internet Explorer was prone to display web pages differently from other browsers. When such a discrepancy between browsers is encountered, web developers spend time tweaking their web pages in order to make the pages be displayed correctly in different browsers. Acid2 represented a challenge to Microsoft to bring Internet Explorer in line with web standards, making it easier to design web pages that work as intended in any web browser.

On October 31, 2005, Safari 2.0.2 became the first browser to pass Acid2. Opera, Konqueror, Firefox, and others followed. With the release of Internet Explorer 8 on March 19, 2009, the latest versions of all major web browsers now pass the test.

History

The smiley face of the first version of Acid2. Note that due to problems in this version of the test, the mouth is too close to the nose and the text "ERROR" appears even in a standards-compliant browser.

Acid2 was first proposed by Håkon Wium Lie, chief technical officer of Opera Software and creator of the widely-used Cascading Style Sheets web standard.[1] In a March 16, 2005 article on CNET, Lie expressed dismay that Microsoft Internet Explorer did not properly support web standards and hence was not completely interoperable with other browsers. He announced that Acid2 would be a challenge to Microsoft to design Internet Explorer 7, then in development, to achieve a greater degree of standards compliance than previous versions of Internet Explorer. The original Acid1 test had forced browser makers to fix their applications or face embarrassment; Lie hoped that Acid2 would do the same.[2]

Lie and a colleague, Ian Hickson, had created the first draft of the test in February 2005.[3] Ian Hickson coded the final test in collaboration with the Web Standards Project and the larger web community.[2][4][5][6] It was officially released on April 13, 2005[7] and at that time, every web browser failed it spectacularly.[8]

On April 23, 2005, Acid2 was updated to fix a bug that made the mouth appear too close to the nose.[9][10] After several complaints, the test was again updated in January 2006 to remove a test for unpopular SGML-style comments that were never widely implemented. In browsers that do not implement SGML-style comments, the original test displayed the word "ERROR" on the bottom part of the face.[3]

In March 2008, Ian Hickson released Acid3 as a follow-up to Acid2. While Acid2 primarily tests CSS, Acid3 focuses more on JavaScript and other "Web 2.0" technologies.[11]

Overview of standards tested

Acid2 tests a variety of web standards published by the World Wide Web Consortium and the Internet Engineering Task Force. With the exception of CSS 2.1, all web standards tested were codified before the year 2000. Specifically, Acid2 tests:[12]

  • Subtest 1. CSS2 min-width
  • Subtest 2. Transparent PNG
  • Subtest 3. gzip support
  • Subtest 4. HTTPS
  • Subtest 5. Cookies support
  • Subtest 6. iframe inclusing of XHTML-served-as-XML content
  • Subtest 7. XMLHttpRequest
  • Subtest 8. Static SVG (gzipped)
  • Subtest 9. CSS Media Queries
  • Subtest 10. JavaScript framework
  • Subtest 11. Dynamic SVG
  • Subtest 12. IRIs and IDN
  • Subtest 13. DOM 'mutation' events
  • Subtest 14. The canvas element
  • Subtest 15. contenteditable
  • Subtest 16. CSS3 selectors

Passing conditions

A passing score is only considered valid if the browser's default settings were used. Actions such as changing font sizes, zoom level, and applying user stylesheets can break the display of the test. This is expected and is not relevant to a browser's compliance.[13]

The following browser settings and user actions invalidate the test:[13][14]

  • Scrolling
  • Resizing the browser window
  • Zooming in or out
  • Disabling images
  • Using Opera's Fit to width or Small Screen Rendering modes
  • Applying custom fonts, colors, styles, etc.
  • User JavaScript or Greasemonkey scripts
  • Enabling Internet Explorer's "compatibility view"

Compliant applications

Acid2 as rendered by compliant applications
Use of Acid2-conformant web browsers has consistently risen since October 2005.[15]

If rendered correctly, Acid2 will appear as a smiley face below the text "Hello World!" in the user's browser, with the nose turning blue when the mouse cursor hovers over it. At the time of the test's release every browser failed it,[8] but now a number of applications pass the test:

Officially released

In development

Non-compliant applications

Even though Opera Mini is based on the same rendering engine as Opera for personal computers, it does not pass the Acid2 test.[17][18] This is because Opera Mini intentionally reformats web pages to try and make them more suitable for devices with small screens.[13][19][20]

Timeline of passing applications

The following is a list of releases noting significant releases of applications that passed the test. New applications that have passed Acid2 since their first official release are not included in the timeline.

Date Browser Availability Notes
27 April 2005 Safari private build[21]
18 May 2005 iCab private build[22] This build was made available to registered iCab users on May 20, 2005.
4 June 2005 Konqueror private build[23]
6 June 2005 iCab public build[22] Whether or not this version of iCab truly passes the test was questioned because it displays a scrollbar on the test page.[24] The CSS specification states that Acid2 correctly rendered should not have a scrollbar,[25] but also says that "there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances" to ignore this requirement.[26][27]
6 June 2005 Safari source code available[28] WebKit, the underpinnings of Safari, was made open source on June 6, 2005. When Safari was run with this latest version of WebKit, it passed the Acid2 test.
31 October 2005 Safari 2.0.2 official release[29][30] Included in Mac OS X 10.4.3. First officially released web browser to pass test.
29 November 2005 Konqueror 3.5 official release[31] First Linux-compatible browser to pass the test, although it did not hide the scrollbar.
7 December 2005 Prince 5.1 official release[32] First non-web browser to pass test.
10 March 2006 Opera public weekly build[33][34] First Microsoft Windows-compatible browser to pass the test and also the first Linux-compatible browser to pass the test including hiding the scrollbar. A public beta was released on April 20, also successful.[35][36]
28 March 2006 Konqueror 3.5.2 official release[37] Updated to hide the scrollbar.[38][39]
11 April 2006 Mozilla Firefox public nightly build[40] The "reflow refactoring" nightly builds, whose code was branched from the Gecko 1.9/Firefox 3.0 trunk, pass Acid2.
24 May 2006 Opera Mobile for Symbian OS private build[41] First mobile browser to pass test.
20 July 2006 OmniWeb 5.5 beta 1 public build[42][43][44] OmniWeb switches its rendering engine to WebKit, the same rendering engine used in Safari which already passed the Acid2 test
20 June 2006 Opera 9.0 official release[45]
4 July 2006 Obigo Browser private build[46] Second mobile browser to pass test.
17 August 2006 iCab 3.0.3 official release[47] First public release that hides the scrollbar.
6 September 2006 OmniWeb 5.5 official release[42]
8 December 2006 Mozilla Firefox, Camino, SeaMonkey public nightly build[48] Reflow refactoring branch is merged into main Gecko trunk. Firefox, Camino, and SeaMonkey trunk builds now pass Acid2.
5 March 2008 Internet Explorer 8 Beta 1 public build[49] Beta 1 passes the test when hosted at www.webstandards.org, but fails the test when hosted at webstandards.org or acid2.acidtests.org.[50]
17 June 2008 Mozilla Firefox 3.0 official release[51][52]
27 August 2008 Internet Explorer 8 Beta 2 public build[53] Beta 2 and later pass the test unless it is hosted from the Intranet Zone.[54][55]
19 March 2009 Internet Explorer 8 official release[56]

See also

References

  1. ^ Lie, Håkon Wium (12 May 2008). "Håkon". Opera Software. Retrieved 27 July 2008.
  2. ^ a b Lie, Håkon Wium (16 March 2005). "The Acid2 challenge to Microsoft". CNET. Retrieved 12 January 2008.
  3. ^ a b Hickson, Ian (20 January 2006). "People who don't realise that they're wrong". Hixie's Natural Log. Retrieved 1 April 2008.
  4. ^ "Ian Hickson". The Web Standards Project. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
  5. ^ "Ben Henick". The Web Standards Project. Retrieved 2 April 2008.
  6. ^ "David Baron". The Web Standards Project. Retrieved 2 April 2008.
  7. ^ "Acid2: Putting Browser Makers on Notice" (Press release). The Web Standards Project. 13 April 2005. Retrieved 1 April 2008.
  8. ^ a b Hyatt, Dave (12 April 2005). "The Acid2 Test". Surfin' Safari. MozillaZine. Retrieved 1 April 2008.
  9. ^ Hyatt, Dave (23 April 2005). "Acid2: Version 1.1 Posted". Surfin' Safari. MozillaZine. Retrieved 24 December 2007.
  10. ^ Hyatt, Dave (20 April 2005). "Acid2: Lopping Off the Sideburns". Surfin' Safari. MozillaZine. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
  11. ^ "Acid3 Browser Test". The Web Standards Project. Retrieved 15 August 2008.
  12. ^ "Acid2: The Guided Tour". The Web Standards Project. Retrieved 24 December 2007.
  13. ^ a b c Holzschlag, Molly E. (20 July 2006). "Acid2 and Opera 9 Clarifications: Yes, Opera 9 Passes the Test". The Web Standards Project. Retrieved 22 July 2006.
  14. ^ Altman, Tim (19 July 2006). "Tim's Opera Bits v1.1". Tim's blog. Retrieved 15 November 2007.
  15. ^ "Browser Version Market Share". Net Applications. 2009. Retrieved 2 January 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  16. ^ "Issue 7734 - chromium - Do not pass ACID2 test". Google Code. 18 February 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
  17. ^ Bersvendsen, Arve (2007). "Opera Mini 4 beta out". Retrieved 22 December 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  18. ^ "Opera Mini Simulator". Opera Software. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
  19. ^ "Opera Mini Features". Opera Software. Retrieved 21 December 2007.
  20. ^ Wilton-Jones, Mark "Tarquin" (10 June 2006). "c33322". Simon Willison. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
  21. ^ Hyatt, Dave (27 April 2005). "Safari Passes the Acid2 Test (Updated)". Retrieved 14 June 2006.
  22. ^ a b Much, Thomas (5 November 2005). "Acid2 - the truth about Safari, iCab and Konqueror". Thomas Much's Weblog. Retrieved 5 May 2008.
  23. ^ Sandfeld, Allan [carewolf] (4 June 2005). "Konqueror now passes Acid2". carewolf's blog. KDE Developer's Journals. Retrieved 16 May 2006.
  24. ^ Wilton-Jones, Mark "Tarquin". "Notes about the scrollbar". Acid 2 in major browsers. Retrieved 10 January 2009.
  25. ^ Bos, Bert (19 July 2007). "Visual effects". Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 revision 1. World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 5 January 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ Bos, Bert (19 July 2007). "Conformance: Requirements and Recommendations". Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 revision 1. World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 10 January 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ Bradner, S. (1997). "RFC 2119 - Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels". Internet Engineering Task Force. Retrieved 10 January 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  28. ^ Festa, Paul (7 June 2005). "Apple opens up open-source effort". CNET. Retrieved 26 February 2009.
  29. ^ Stachowiak, Maciej (1 November 2005). "WebKit Fixes in Safari 2.0.2 / Mac OS X 10.4.3". Surfin' Safari. Retrieved 3 May 2008.
  30. ^ "Apple Safari 2.0.2 software download". VersionTracker. Retrieved 3 May 2008.
  31. ^ "K Desktop Environment 3.5 Released". KDE Project. 29 November 2005. Retrieved 16 May 2006.
  32. ^ "The Acid2 Test". YesLogic. Retrieved 16 May 2006.
  33. ^ Altman, Tim (10 March 2006). "Acid2 - Rows 4 and 5 AKA Opera passes the Acid2 test!". Tim's blog. Retrieved 16 May 2006.
  34. ^ Santambrogio, Claudio (10 March 2006). "…and one more weekly!". Retrieved 10 May 2008.
  35. ^ "Widgets, BitTorrent, content blocking: Introducing Opera 9 Beta" (Press release). Opera Software. 20 April 2006. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
  36. ^ "Changelog for Opera 9.0 Beta 1 for Windows". Opera Software. 20 April 2006. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
  37. ^ "KDE 3.5.2 Release Announcement". The KDE Project. 28 March 2006. Retrieved 10 January 2009.
  38. ^ "KDE 3.5.1 to KDE 3.5.2 Changelog". The KDE Project. 28 March 2006. Retrieved 10 January 2009.
  39. ^ Kügler, Sebastian (28 March 2006). "KDE 3.5.2 Released". The KDE Project. Retrieved 26 February 2009.
  40. ^ Baron, David (11 April 2006). "Firefox (on a development branch) passing the Acid2 test". Flickr. Retrieved 1 January 2009.
  41. ^ Nevstad, Magnus. "Opera for Symbian passes Acid2". The Digital Void of SPZ. Opera Software. Retrieved 24 May 2006.
  42. ^ a b "Historical Release Notes". The Omni Group. 9 April 2008. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
  43. ^ Handycam (8 May 2006). "Acid2 Passes!". The Omni Group. Retrieved 10 May 2008.
  44. ^ Lengyel, Andras (11 July 2006). "Fourth Mac OS X browser test". Macintalk. Archived from the original on 17 July 2006. Retrieved 24 August 2008.
  45. ^ Ford, Thomas (20 June 2006). "Welcome to Opera 9.0". Opera Software. Retrieved 20 June 2006.
  46. ^ "Teleca's Obigo Browser displays prestigious Acid2 test page faultlessly" (PDF) (Press release). Teleca. 4 July 2006. Retrieved 5 May 2008.
  47. ^ Much, Thomas (24 August 2006). "iCab 3.0.3 Final(ly)". Thomas Much's Weblog. Retrieved 13 April 2008.
  48. ^ Baron, David (8 December 2006). "Comment #121". Bug 289480 – Tracking bug for acid2 (acid 2) test. Mozilla Corporation. Retrieved 8 December 2006.
  49. ^ Hachamovitch, Dean (5 March 2008). "Internet Explorer 8 Beta 1 for Developers Now Available". IEBlog. Microsoft. Retrieved 5 May 2008.
  50. ^ Cite error: The named reference Nachreiner was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  51. ^ Paul, Ryan (12 December 2006). "A first look at Firefox 3.0". Ars Technica. Retrieved 5 August 2008.
  52. ^ "Firefox 3 Release Notes". Mozilla Foundation. 7 June 2008. Retrieved 4 August 2008.
  53. ^ Hachamovitch, Dean (27 August 2008). "Internet Explorer 8 Beta 2 Now Available". IEBlog. Microsoft. Retrieved 17 November 2008.
  54. ^ Cite error: The named reference Перевертайлов was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  55. ^ Cite error: The named reference Dickens was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  56. ^ Hachamovitch, Dean (19 March 2009). "Internet Explorer 8 Final Available Now". IEBlog. Microsoft. Retrieved 19 March 2009.

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