Hypergraph matching
Appearance
In computational complexity theory, 3-Dimensional Matching is one of the famous Karp's 21 NP-complete problems. The problem can be formalized as:
Given , and are disjoint. Does there exist a mathcing such that each element of exists in exactly one set of ?
Note that two-dimensional matching, known as bipartite matching, is solvable in polynomial time. But any dimension higher than 3, is in NP.
Complexity
3-Dimensional Matching, as mentioned above, is NP-Complete, since we can deduce this problem into 3-SAT.