Morphological parsing
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The goal of morphological parsing is to find out what morphemes a given word is built from. For example, a morphological parser should be able to tell us that the word cats is the plural form of the noun stem cat, and that the word mice is the plural form of the noun stem mouse. So, given the string cats as input, a morphological parser should produce an output that looks similar to cat N PL.
The generally accepted approach to morphological parsing is through a FST that inputs words and outputs their stem and modifiers.