Consistent hashing
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Consistent hashing is a scheme that provides hash table functionality in a way that the addition or removal of one bucket does not significantly change the mapping of keys to buckets. In contrast, in most traditional hash tables, a change in the number of buckets causes nearly all keys to be remapped.
Consistent hashing was introduced in 1997, largely in the context of distributing requests among many web servers. More recently, it and similar techniques have been employed in distributed hash tables.
References
- David Karger, Eric Lehman, Tom Leighton, Matthew Levine, Daniel Lewin, and Rina Panigrahy. Consistent Hashing and Random Trees: Tools for Relieving Hot Spots on the World Wide Web]. STOC 1997.