Vector path
Vector path refers to a mathematically defined shape used in vector graphics to represent outlines, shapes, or trajectories through a set of connected points. Unlike raster graphics, which consist of pixels, vector paths are composed of anchor points and control handles, allowing for resolution-independent scaling and precise editing.
Characteristics
[edit]A vector path is constructed using:
- Anchor points: define the start, end, and corners of a shape.
- Segments: straight or curved lines that connect anchor points.
- Control handles: determine the curvature of segments, especially when defining Bézier curves.[1]
Paths can be classified as:
- Open paths: with distinct starting and ending points (e.g., lines, curves).
- Closed paths: where the start and end meet to form enclosed shapes such as circles or polygons.[2]
Advantages
[edit]Vector paths offer several benefits compared to raster-based representations:
- Resolution independence: paths retain quality at any display resolution or scale.[3]
- Editability: shapes and curves can be modified by adjusting anchor points and handles.
- Smaller file sizes: vector files typically use less storage than high-resolution raster images.[4]
Applications
[edit]Vector paths are fundamental to many fields within computer graphics and design:
- Logo and branding design: ensure clarity at all sizes.
- Typography: letterforms are created from connected vector paths.[5]
- Technical drawing: essential for computer-aided design (CAD), engineering, and architecture.
- Web and UI design: used in Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) for responsive and animated interfaces.[6]
File formats and software
[edit]Vector paths are commonly stored and manipulated in file formats such as:
Popular software supporting vector path creation includes:
Rendering
[edit]To display a vector path on screen or in print, a rendering engine may apply:
Rendering behaviors vary by implementation, especially in how corners (joins), line endings (caps), and fill rules are interpreted.[8]
See also
[edit]- Vector graphics
- Raster graphics
- Bézier curve
- Clipping path
- SVG
- Typography
- Computer-aided design
- Display resolution
- Anchor point
- Stroke (graphics)
- Fill (graphic design)
References
[edit]- ^ "What is a Bézier curve?". TechTarget. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
- ^ "Open vs. Closed Paths in Vector Design". Vectornator. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
- ^ "What is Vector Art?". Kittl. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
- ^ "Raster vs Vector: What's the Difference?". 99designs. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
- ^ "Understanding Vector Fonts". Fonts.com. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
- ^ "SVG Essentials: Paths". MDN Web Docs. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
- ^ "Inkscape Features". Inkscape Project. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
- ^ Stone, Maureen (2003). A Field Guide to Digital Color. A K Peters.
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