Alignment layer
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Alignment layers are a crucial component in liquid crystal displays (LCDs). They are thin films applied to the surfaces of the glass substrates that contain the liquid crystals. The primary function of these layers is to control the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, which is essential for the proper operation of the display.
Key Functions of Alignment Layers
Molecular Orientation
Alignment layers ensure that liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a specific direction when no electric field is applied. This initial alignment is critical for the display's optical properties.
Rubbed Surface
Alignment layers ensure that liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a specific direction when no electric field is applied. This initial alignment is critical for the display's optical properties.
Twisted Nematic Configuration
In twisted nematic (TN) displays, the alignment layers on the two glass substrates are oriented at right angles to each other, creating a 90-degree twist in the liquid crystal molecules. This configuration allows the display to modulate light effectively when an electric field is applied.
Voltage control
By applying a voltage across the liquid crystal layer, the orientation of the molecules can be altered. This change in orientation affects the passage of light through the display, enabling the control of brightness and contrast.