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Criticism of Sunni Islam refers to criticisms and objections that have been made through the Shia of Islam.These criticisms stem from the differences between them. Shia sects, especially Twelver Shi'ism, consider many Sunni beliefs to be heretical and deviant.The main criticism of the Shiites against the Sunnis is mostly due to the usurpation of the caliphate by their three caliphs and the incident of the Saqifa of Bani Sa'ida.
event of the Saqifa of Bani Sa'ida
[edit]Shiites believe that the Saqifa incident occurred in defiance of Muhammad's order, who had designated Ali as the caliph after him before his death; They believe that during the Farewell Pilgrimage, the last pilgrimage that the Prophet of Islam performed, upon returning from the pilgrimage after gathering all the pilgrims at a place called Ghadir Khum, after enumerating the virtues of Ali ibn Abi Talib, he chose him as his successor, and a verse was revealed to confirm thi
يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ ۖ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ ۚ وَاللَّـهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ
O Messenger, convey what has been revealed to you from your Lord. And if you do not do it, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allah will separate you from the people. Indeed, Allah does not guide the disbelieving people/
Surah Al-Ma'idah, verse 67.
Also, regarding the events following the Saqifa, including the Fatimah House incident, Shia sources and writers such as clerics and authorities such as Boroujerdi, Rouhani, Shahroudi, and Hossein Khorasani believe that Fatimah was killed as a result of the injuries and traumas that occurred during the incident, which resulted in a fractured side and a miscarriage.
Justice of the Companions
[edit]The Companions have an important place in Sunnism. Sunni followers describe the Companions of the Prophet as the "best of nations", "just companions" and always remember them well. Sunnis believe that the Companions were just and did not commit any sins, and if they did, they would have erred in their ijtihad.
But Shiites have criticized this theory.Shiites do not consider being a companion to be a source of any particular virtue. They consider the virtue of individuals to depend on the correctness of their intentions, beliefs, and actions during the time of Muhammad and after him; therefore, they believe that many of the companions did not act according to the injunctions of Islam after his death. Shiite scholars have written many books about the companions, and being a companion is neither praise nor blame, and the companions are judged like other people, and it is not the case that we should assume that all of them are righteous.
Inventions by the Caliphs
[edit]Tarawih prayer
[edit]The Shiites believe that Tarawih prayer was an innovation and a Sunnah of Caliph Omar, who gathered the people behind one Imam and the Prophet did not legislate or legislate it. He himself said that it was not legislated by the Prophet, but rather an innovation that he innovated, but he described it as a good innovation. They believe that the Prophet had forbidden it, as narrated by Al-Bukhari: “Abdul A’la bin Hammad told us, he told us... that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, made a room. I think he said, from a mat, in Ramadan, and he prayed in it for nights. Some of his companions prayed with him. When he knew about them, he began to sit, so he went out to them and said, ‘I have recognized what I have seen of your actions. Pray, O people, in your homes, for the best prayer for a person is in his home, except for the obligatory prayer.’” They agreed, following their Imams, the Ahl al-Bayt, that the voluntary prayers of Ramadan are performed individually, based on the convergence of their narrations about this prayer, as Sheikh al-Tusi narrated on the authority of Abu Abdullah, who said: I asked him about praying in the mosques in Ramadan? He said: “When Ali bin Abi Talib came to Kufa, he ordered Al-Hasan bin Ali to announce to the people: ‘There is no congregational prayer in the mosques during the month of Ramadan.’”
Takatuf
[edit]Takatuf is a jurisprudential term meaning placing two hands together in prayer. Umar ibn al-Khattab, upon seeing Iranian captives who had their hands together, liked this practice and ordered them to do so in prayer. After that, Sunnis consider this practice recommended in prayer, but Shiites, according to the narrations of their own Imams, consider this practice to be an innovation and forbidden and invalidates the prayer.