List of thalamic nuclei
| List of thalamic nuclei | |
|---|---|
 Thalamic nuclei: (left thalamus from left) MNG = Midline nuclear group AN = Anterior nuclear group MD = Medial dorsal nucleus VNG = Ventral nuclear group VA = Ventral anterior nucleus VL = Ventral lateral nucleus VPL = Ventral posterolateral nucleus VPM = Ventral posteromedial nucleus LNG = Lateral nuclear group PUL = Pulvinar MTh = Metathalamus LG = Lateral geniculate nucleus MG = Medial geniculate nucleus | |
 Thalamic nuclei (right thalamus from above) | |
| Identifiers | |
| MeSH | D013787 |
| TA98 | A14.1.08.602 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |
This traditional list does not accord strictly with human thalamic anatomy.
Nuclear groups of the thalamus include:
- anterior nuclear group
- anteroventral nucleus
- anterodorsal nucleus
- anteromedial nucleus
- superficial ("lateral dorsal")
- medial nuclear group (or dorsomedial nucleus)
- midline nuclear group or paramedian
- paratenial nucleus
- paraventricular thalamus
- reuniens nucleus (a.k.a. medioventral nucleus)
- rhomboidal nucleus
- interanteromedial[1][2]
- intermediodorsal[1][3]
- Intralaminar nuclear group (Intralaminar nuclei)
- anterior (rostral) group
- posterior (caudal) intralaminar group
- lateral nuclear group in fact a false entity replaced by
- posterior region
- pulvinar
- lateral posterior nucleus belongs to pulvinar
- (lateral dorsal nucleus) belongs to anterior group
- ventral nuclear group
- posterior region
- metathalamus no longer used for the geniculate group
- thalamic reticular nucleus part of the ventral thalamus
Multiple-perspective diagrams of thalamic nuclei
The following diagrams show thalamic nuclei in six standard perspectives to help 3-dimensional visualization.
Lateral group
- VA Ventral Anterior[4]
- VL Ventral Lateral[5]
- VM Ventral Medial[6]
- VPI Ventral PosteroInferior[7]
- VPL Ventral PosteroLateral[8]
- VPM Ventral PosteroMedial[9]
Notes:
- VM Ventral Medial is an alternative name for "medial part of the ventral lateral nucleus".[6].
- This is distinct from VentroMedial, which is defined as "a substructure of the ventral group of the dorsal thalamus defined on the basis of connectivity and function in the rat and in the mouse". "It is equivalent to part of the ventral nuclear group lateral to the submedial nucleus in the classical segmentation of the thalamus."[10]
- VPI Ventral PosteroInferior is also known as Ventral Posterior Inferior nucleus.[7]
- It is a subdivision of the ventral posterior nucleus.
Medial group
- CeM Central Medial[11]
- CL Central Lateral[12]
- CM CentroMedian[13]
- MD Medial Dorsal[14]
- MV MedioVentral = Reuniens.[15]
- Pf Parafascicular[16]
Notes:
- CeM Central Medial is in the intralaminar anterior. (See Intralaminar thalamic nuclei#Structure.)
- CL Central Lateral is in the intralaminar anterior. (See Intralaminar thalamic nuclei#Structure.)
- CM CentroMedian is in the intralaminar posterior. (See Intralaminar thalamic nuclei#Structure.)
- MV MedioVentral is the same as Reuniens.[1][15]
Related topics
References
- ^ a b c Sheridan, Nicholas; Tadi, Prasanna (2023), "Neuroanatomy, Thalamic Nuclei", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 31751098, retrieved 2023-09-17
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