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	Front		Central		Back
	lax	tense	lax	tense	lax	tense
Close	(ɪ)	i			(ʊ)	u
Mid		eɪ, (e)	ə			oʊ
Open		ɛ		ɑ, (ɑː)		ɒ, (ɔː)
Diphthongs	aɪ ɔɪ aʊ ɪə ʊə

Pure vowels (Monophthongs)
lexical set	realisation	example words
PALM, START	ä [äː]	father, park, last
STRUT	ä	luck, want, none
TRAP	ɛ~æ	mat, bad, ran
SQUARE	ɛ [ɛː]	fair, bear, care
DRESS (next–text split)	ɛ	text, met, bread
DRESS (next–text split)	e~ɛ̝	next, head, leg
FACE	eɪ~e	rain, may, lane
GOAT	oʊ~o	know, toe, home
LOT	ɔ̞˖	not, wasp, gone
THOUGHT, NORTH	ɔ̞˖~ɔː	saw, war, force
KIT	ɪ~i	hit, skim, tip
FLEECE	i [iː]	mean, see, key
FOOT	ʊ~u	push, cook, should
GOOSE	u [uː]	food, suit, shoe
NURSE	ə [əː]	bird, fur, learn
COMMA, LETTER	ə	about, gallop, metre
Diphthongs
lexical set	realisation	example words
PRICE	aɪ	height, lie, mine
CHOICE	ɔɪ	noise, toy, coin
MOUTH	aʊ	mouse, how, loud
NEAR	ɪə	here, fear, deer
CURE	ʊə	tour, sure, mature
	jɔː	your, cure, endure
	ju	Europe, Uranus

Realisation of initial /θ/ in Singapore English

Data from 8 undergraduate university students
Formal
[θ]			53%
[t]			27%
Other			20%
Informal
[θ]			40%
[t]			49%
Other			11%
From Moorthy & Deterding (2000)