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HarmonyOS NEXT

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HarmonyOS NEXT
HarmonyOSNEXTlogo
File:HarmonyOS-NEXT-Galaxy Edition.jpg
Screenshot showing HarmonyOS NEXT GUI system launcher home screen on phones.
DeveloperHuawei
Written inC, C++, ArkTS, Cangjie[1]
OS familymodified OpenHarmony
Working stateIn Development
Source modelClosed, with open source components
Initial releaseAugust 4, 2023; 21 months ago (2023-08-04)
Latest previewHarmonyOS NEXT Developer Preview 1 4.1/4.1.1 [Beta] (2.0.0.59 SP3DEVCC00E59R4P1log - Canary Build 2) / (February 29, 2024; 14 months ago (2024-02-29))
Marketing targetInternet of Things, Internet of vehicles, Edge computing, wireless routers, smartphones, tablet computers, smart TVs, smartwatches, fitness trackers, smart speakers, personal computers, mixed reality headsets, virtual reality headsets, wireless earbuds, wireless headphones, wearable devices, augmented reality headsets, smart printers, interactive whiteboards, E-readers, cars, smart homes, enterprise, industry, aerospace
Update methodOver-the-air
Package manager.app
Platforms64-bit ARM, RISC-V, x86, x64 and LoongArch[2]
Kernel typeHarmonyOS kernel (Microkernel)
UserlandSystem Service Layer[3]
Default
user interface		HarmonyOS Design (Design System) (multi-touch, GUI)
LicenseCommercial software, Proprietary software except for open-source components
Preceded byLiteOS, EMUI and Android
Official websitewww.harmonyos.com/en/

HarmonyOS NEXT (Chinese: 鸿蒙星河版; pinyin: Hóngméng Xīnghébǎn) is a proprietary distributed operating system and an iteration of HarmonyOS, developed by Huawei to support only HarmonyOS native apps. The operating system is primarily aimed at software and hardware developers that deal directly with Huawei. It does not include Android's AOSP core and is incompatible with Android applications.[4][5]

While on the one hand discarding the common Unix-like Linux kernel, the NEXT version also replaces the old HarmonyOS multikernel and is built on a custom version of OpenHarmony. The HarmonyOS microkernel is placed at its core with a single framework; also included is the LiteOS operating system for resource-constrained devices like wearables and IoT products.[6]

The first internal preview version of the system was revealed on August 4, 2023, and the first preview version was released to registered public developers on January 18, 2024.[5]

The devices tested on the developer preview version of the system were the Mate 60, Mate 60 Pro, and Mate X5 phones in the first batch.[7]

History

On August 4, 2023, at Huawei Developers Conference 2023 (HDC), Huawei officially announced HarmonyOS NEXT, the next version of HarmonyOS, supporting only native APP apps via Ark Compiler with Huawei Mobile Services (HMS) support.[8]

The kernel of HarmonyOS NEXT does not include the compatibility layer of AOSP framework with Android libraries from EMUI in the user space and cannot run Android apk apps natively, as is the case with the dual framework HarmonyOS.[9][10]

On August 4, 2023, the developer preview version of HarmonyOS NEXT was opened for cooperating enterprise developers, and on January 18, 2024, to the rest of developers to build and test native mobile apps. The beta version was expected to be launched in Q2 2024, and the commercial version to be made available in Q4 2024.[11][12]

Software version history

See also: HarmonyOS version history
See also: OpenHarmony § Software development

HarmonyOS Galaxy Edition (Star River) [5.0.0 - OpenHarmony 5.0] (API version 12)

August 4, 2023 (API 9) OpenHarmony Developer Preview 1 for HarmonyOS NEXT internal cooperative developers, for native software development. January 2024 Developer Preview 1 Beta for public registered developers (API 10), Q2 Developer Beta (API 11), and Commercial (API 12) stable builds:

At the HarmonyOS Developer event in China, Huawei announced that the developer preview version of Harmony Next, the second generation of HarmonyOS operating system based on custom OpenHarmony, was open for application development, alongside the release of the beta version to enterprise developers on January 18, 2024. The beta version of HarmonyOS Next will be launched in Q2 of 2024 to all unregistered public developers, while a commercial version on specific devices will be released to all users in Q4 of 2024.

Software Architecture and Framework Features

HarmonyOS NEXT Architecture
  • Native refinement of the system, application, fluency, security, intelligence, and native interconnection.
  • Full-stack, self-developed HarmonyOS NEXT core operating system integrated that includes:
  • Native in-house Cangjie programming language alongside ArkTS as primary programming languages support for native HarmonyOS system and kernel
  • AOSP system and Linux kernel of EMUI system userland on System Service Layer removed from native compatibility on phones and tablets alongside some other devices
  • Primary HarmonyOS native app file package, APP for HarmonyOS apps only
  • Refined and primary native in-house Ark Engine multimedia API graphics stack system that comes with ArkGraphics 2D and ArkGraphics 3D with Cangjie support across all devices with developer access
  • Linux and LiteOS RTOS base on wearables, phones, tablets on System Service Layer replaced with self-developed HarmonyOS kernel, Microkernel architecture.
  • API 10, 11 features bundled
  • New API 12 features
  • HarmonyOS NEXT SDK with previous classic HarmonyOS SDK API levels, alongside standard OpenHarmony SDK support conglomerated in a complete and comprehensive in-house HarmonyOS SDK API 12
  • PC mode when keyboard used on MatePads and phone docked
  • Native PC support
  • Native HarmonyOS API apps adapted to PC support
  • Native Generative Edge AI computing API system features for Edge Computing
  • Native Generative AI and LLM Voice Assistant Celia/XiaoYi [China & Global] - Powered by Huawei Pangu AI model, supports Chinese and English with Celia Proactive Suggestions and Developers can add Celia Voice services to their atomic services improvements and applications.
  • Native device-side AI support for training interface and ArkTS interface for NNRt (Neural Network Runtime) backend configurations via MindSpore framework
  • OpenHarmony versioning core baseline of HarmonyOS NEXT system underlining the HarmonyOS operating system baseline versioning
  • Exclusive to in-house Kirin and HiSilicon chips optimisation and adaptation
  • New visual graphical interfaces based off Neumorphism and Glassmorphism design language trend, visual elements on HarmonyOS Design language system for Spatial computing
  • New Control Panel interface.
  • New and refined notification and lockscreen interface.
  • New volume control design.
  • New native File and Photos picker app and interface.
  • New bundled HarmonyOS native system apps.
  • Native HarmonyOS settings app and OTA system
  • Modified native Task Switcher interface for PC, phones, tablets and foldables
  • Native smart app background and foreground management system
  • Live Window UX improvements and developer APIs kit support for native third-party HarmonyOS apps
  • Native developer and app kits support
  • Native HMS Core ecosystem support with native upper-level HMS APIs framework
  • New native AppGallery app designed for installation of native HarmonyOS apps only.
  • New native Huawei Browser with a self-developed, in-house and custom ArkWeb software engine for native Webview apps, from custom OpenHarmony CEF based on nweb software engine that carries Chromium browser and Blink browser engine for native Webview apps.
  • Next generation NearLink 2.0 support
  • New Permission application system with AI and Capability-based security features on Core File Kit, departure from previous versions of HarmonyOS with AOSP framework
  • Advanced native multitasking and Task switching system
  • Continuity of applications between devices
  • Spatial computing support[13]

HarmonyOS NEXT compiled versions of its software versions in software development since August 4, 2023.

Software version History
Version number Release date API level Main features
HarmonyOS NEXT (3.1) Developer Preview 1 August 4, 2023 9 HarmonyOS NEXT Developer Preview version equipped with latest base technology, open capabilities, and development kits. The new version comes with HarmonyOS kernel. Huawei Ark graphics engine added. Phones and tablets are tested. Native HMS Core built inside. Internally released developer only software on OpenHarmony base development stack.[14]
HarmonyOS NEXT (4.0) Developer Preview 1 October 26, 2023 10 New graphical shells, including PC and tablet PC mode support alongside HarmonyOS Kernel (Microkernel) retrofitted.[15]
HarmonyOS NEXT (4.1/4.1.1 - Canary Build) Developer Preview 1 [Beta] January 18, 2024 10-11 A large number of ArkTS APIs have been added, and the scope of distributed hardware support has been expanded. Improved new graphical shells. PC APIs added.[16]
HarmonyOS NEXT (4.1/4.1.1 - Canary Build) Developer Preview 1 [Beta] (2.0.0.59 SP3DEVCC00E59R4P1log - Canary Build 2) Febuarary 29, 2024 11 Roll out of HarmonyOS NEXT Developer Preview 1 Beta on registered developer handsets rollout, Huawei Mate 60 Pro and other devices on first rollout batch.
HarmonyOS NEXT (4.1/4.1.1 - Canary Build) Developer Beta Q2 2024 11 Developer Beta roll out publicly to all developers Q2 2024
HarmonyOS NEXT (5.0/5.0.0 - Canary Build) Developer Beta Q4 2024 12 Commercialisation of HarmonyOS NEXT in Q4 2024

See also

References

  1. ^ Matsui, Emiko. "Huawei launches HarmonyOS NEXT Galaxy version for developers". HC Newsroom. HC Newsroom. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  2. ^ "OpenHarmony 3.0 successfully adapted Loongson 1C300B chip". Huawei Update. 15 December 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.
  3. ^ "HMOS Architecture". Medium. Application Library Engineering Group. 5 April 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
  4. ^ "Huawei reveals HarmonyOS NEXT will be based on Harmony Kernel".
  5. ^ a b "HarmonyOS NEXT is a pure HarmonyOS without Android apps and future of Huawei ecosystem". consumer.huawei.com. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  6. ^ Miller, James (2024-01-22). "HarmonyOS NEXT Kernel: Can Huawei's New Engine Outclass the Mighty Linux?". Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  7. ^ Emiko, Matsui. "Here are the HarmonyOS NEXT first developer beta batch devices". HC Newsroom. HC Newsroom. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
  8. ^ Amit (2023-09-25). "Huawei released HarmonyOS NEXT". HU. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  9. ^ Cañete, Patrick (2023-08-10). "HarmonyOS NEXT is a standalone HUAWEI OS without Android apps". NoypiGeeks. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
  10. ^ Abdullah (2024-01-19). "HarmonyOS NEXT introduced without a single line of Android code". Gizchina.com. Retrieved 2024-01-23.
  11. ^ Matsui, Emiko (2024-01-18). "HarmonyOS NEXT Galaxy stable rollout will begin in Q4 2024". Huawei Central. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  12. ^ "华为发布 HarmonyOS NEXT 鸿蒙星河版，开发者预览版开放申请 - IT之家". www.ithome.com. Retrieved 2024-01-20.
  13. ^ Miao, Hao. "Huawei has released HarmonyOS NEXT HarmonyOS Galaxy Edition, and the developer preview version is open for application". IT Home. IT Home. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
  14. ^ Bhati, Kamlesh. "HarmonyOS NEXT Hands-on Experience: Pure HarmonyOS Without AOSP". Sparrownews.com. Sparrownews.com. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  15. ^ Sarkar, Amy. "HarmonyOS NEXT and HarmonyOS PC to shape a new direction for Huawei". HC Newsroom. HC Newsroom. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  16. ^ "Huawei releases preview version of updated HarmonyOS Next as it accelerates shift away from Android". Yahoo News. South China Morning Post. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
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